scholarly journals E-COMMERCE IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Parishev ◽  
Goran Hristovski ◽  
Petar Jolakoski ◽  
Viktor Stojkoski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Ever since the dawn of merchanting, traders have sought ways to ease the cost of transactions. The recent growth of information and communication technology provided a wide range of solutions for international and national transactions by introducing ecommerce. As a result of this development, e-commerce recently emerged as a dominant transaction activity with a significant impact on the national economies. In recent years the potential of e-commerce has been widely discussed, with a particular focus on its effects on greater economic welfare and prosperity. Yet, despite an abundance of studies that have been done on investigating the role of e-commerce in an economy, a thorough and detailed econometric examination on its impact is still an underexplored avenue. This paper attempts to bridge this gap by investigating the impact of volume of online transactions (e-commerce) and gross capital formation on economic growth, using panel data on 31 European countries covering a 16 years’ period. The empirical panel data model is estimated by employing the Generalized Method of Moments. The main findings from the study show that e-commerce and gross capital formation have positive and significant effects on GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity, with e-commerce having a weaker development-enhancing effect in comparison to gross capital formation. In addition, this paper proposes a fruitful discussion on how to provide balance between the growth of e-commerce, the focus on improving other aspects and generating optimal economic welfare and prosperity. Our paper ends with directions for future research.

The Impact of Total Factor Productivity on Economic Growth for Developed and Emerging Countries: A Second-generation Panel Data Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ömer Yalçınkaya ◽  
İbrahim Hüseyni ◽  
Ali Kemal Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Fixed Capital Formation ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the determinants of economic growth and also seeks to determine whether or not the impact of total factor productivity (TFP) changes with respect to the level of development for selected countries. In this manner, the present study examines the impact of gross fixed capital formation, employed labour and the TFP of G-7, G-12 and G-20 countries on real GDP per capita using second-generation panel data analyses over the period 1992–2014. The results reveal that TFP has a greater impact on economic growth than fixed capital formation and employed labour for all country groups. Furthermore, the impact of TFP on economic growth was found to be greater for developed countries than for emerging countries. JEL Classification: C21, C22, C23

scholarly journals An Empirical Investigation of the Impact of Institutions on Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
RUMMANA ZAHEER ◽  
ADEELA KHALID
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the impact of institutions on economic growth, measured in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. A wide range of economic, non-economic, social, environmental and political factors contribute to economic growth and prosperity. Institutions are discussed as a range of array of regulatory and accountability mechanisms, beyond the boundaries of market functioning. This paper takes composite values of democracy index, vested interests, accountability, human rights and freedom of association and uses it as a proxy for institutions. A range of theoretical and empirical evidence, in addition to panel data analysis indicates positive role of institutions in economic growth. Keywords: Institutions, Democracy, Economic Growth, Investment, Fertility, Education, Inequality, Education, Government, Political Stability, Rule of Law, Life Expectancy, Panel Data.

scholarly journals Human Capital Formation and Economic Growth in Emerging Asia: Empirical Evidence Using Panel Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Muhammad Atiq-ur- Rehman ◽  
Suleman Ghaffar ◽  
Kanwal Shahzadi ◽  
Rabail Ghazanfar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Human Capital Formation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

After the emergence of endogenous growth theory, the role of human capital along with physical capital is considered to be imperative in promoting economic growth. The government social sector spending, mainly on education and health, contributes in forming human capital and promotes economic growth. This study examines the impact of health and education provisions on economic growth of emerging Asian economies, including Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippine, and Thailand. Using the data set for 1995-2018, the fixed effects (FE) and the random effect (RE) methods of panel data estimation are employed. Both methods reveal that the health and education support the human capital formation and stimulate economic growth.

scholarly journals Human capital formation and economic growth across the world: a panel data econometric approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-54
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Cuevas Ahumada ◽  
Cuauhtémoc Calderón Villarreal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Human Capital Formation ◽  
The Impact

This paper estimates 12 dynamic panel data models to assess the impact of human capital formation and other key variables on the economic growth of 52 countries over a 13-year period. Several methodological and empirical contributions are made to assemble country groups, lower measurement errors and reduce the omitted variable bias while keeping the models parsimonious. Among other things, the evidence indicates that the responsiveness of economic growth to physical capital accumulation, institutional development, human capital formation, and total factor productivity varies across country groups to a certain extent. The policy implications of these findings are relevant on several grounds.

The Effects of Technology Supports on Community Grocery Shopping Skills for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 016264342198997
Author(s):  
Sojung Jung ◽  
Ciara Ousley ◽  
David McNaughton ◽  
Pamela Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

In this meta-analytic review, we investigated the effects of technology supports on the acquisition of shopping skills for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) between the ages of 5 and 24. Nineteen single-case experimental research studies, presented in 15 research articles, met the current study’s inclusion criteria and the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards. An analysis of potential moderators was conducted, and we calculated effect sizes using Tau-U to examine the impact of age, diagnosis, and type of technology on the reported outcomes for the 56 participants. The results from the included studies provide evidence that a wide range of technology interventions had a positive impact on shopping performance. These positive effects were seen for individuals across a wide range of ages and disability types, and for a wide variety of shopping skills. The strongest effect sizes were observed for technologies that provided visual supports rather than just auditory support. We provide an interpretation of the findings, implications of the results, and recommended areas for future research.

scholarly journals The effect of water immersion on vection in virtual reality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Géraldine Fauville ◽  
Anna C. M. Queiroz ◽  
Erika S. Woolsey ◽  
Jonathan W. Kelly ◽  
Jeremy N. Bailenson
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Visually Induced Motion Sickness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Motion ◽  
Ground Condition ◽  
The Impact

AbstractResearch about vection (illusory self-motion) has investigated a wide range of sensory cues and employed various methods and equipment, including use of virtual reality (VR). However, there is currently no research in the field of vection on the impact of floating in water while experiencing VR. Aquatic immersion presents a new and interesting method to potentially enhance vection by reducing conflicting sensory information that is usually experienced when standing or sitting on a stable surface. This study compares vection, visually induced motion sickness, and presence among participants experiencing VR while standing on the ground or floating in water. Results show that vection was significantly enhanced for the participants in the Water condition, whose judgments of self-displacement were larger than those of participants in the Ground condition. No differences in visually induced motion sickness or presence were found between conditions. We discuss the implication of this new type of VR experience for the fields of VR and vection while also discussing future research questions that emerge from our findings.

Corporate governance practices and capital structure decisions: the moderating effect of gender diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 939-964
Author(s):  
Mohammad A.A Zaid ◽  
Man Wang ◽  
Sara T.F. Abuhijleh ◽  
Ayman Issa ◽  
Mohammed W.A. Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Motivated by the agency theory, this study aims to empirically examine the nexus between board attributes and a firm’s financing decisions of non-financial listed firms in Palestine and how the previous relationship is moderated and shaped by the level of gender diversity. Design/methodology/approach Multiple regression analysis on a panel data was used. Further, we applied three different approaches of static panel data “pooled OLS, fixed effect and random effect.” Fixed-effects estimator was selected as the optimal and most appropriate model. In addition, to control for the potential endogeneity problem and to profoundly analyze the study data, the authors perform the one-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator. Dynamic panel GMM specification was superior in generating robust findings. Findings The findings clearly unveil that all explanatory variables in the study model have a significant influence on the firm’s financing decisions. Moreover, the results report that the impact of board size and board independence are more positive under conditions of a high level of gender diversity, whereas the influence of CEO duality on the firm’s leverage level turned from negative to positive. In a nutshell, gender diversity moderates the effect of board structure on a firm’s financing decisions. Research limitations/implications This study was restricted to one institutional context (Palestine); therefore, the results reflect the attributes of the Palestinian business environment. In this vein, it is possible to generate different findings in other countries, particularly in developed markets. Practical implications The findings of this study can draw responsible parties and policymakers’ attention in developing countries to introduce and contextualize new mechanisms that can lead to better monitoring process and help firms in attracting better resources and establishing an optimal capital structure. For instance, entities should mandate a minimum quota for the proportion of women incorporation in boardrooms. Originality/value This study provides empirical evidence on the moderating role of gender diversity on the effect of board structure on firm’s financing decisions, something that was predominantly neglected by the earlier studies and has not yet examined by ancestors. Thereby, to protrude nuanced understanding of this novel and unprecedented idea, this study thoroughly bridges this research gap and contributes practically and theoretically to the existing corporate governance–capital structure literature.

scholarly journals The Importance of Maritime Transport for Economic Growth in the European Union: A Panel Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7961
Author(s):  
Alexandra Fratila (Adam) ◽  
Ioana Andrada Gavril (Moldovan) ◽  
Sorin Cristian Nita ◽  
Andrei Hrebenciuc
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Green Investment ◽  
Port Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact

Maritime transport is one of the main activities of the blue economy, which plays an important role in the EU. In this paper, we aim to assess the impact of maritime transport, related investment, and air pollution on economic growth within 20 countries of the European Union, using eight panel data regression models from 2007 to 2018. Our results confirm that maritime transport, air pollutants (NOx and SO2) from maritime transport, and investment in maritime port infrastructure are indeed positively correlated with economic growth. In other words, an increase of 10% in these factors has generated an associated increase in economic growth rate of around 1.6%, 0.4%, 0.8%, and 0.7% respectively. Alongside the intensity of economic maritime activities, pollution is positively correlated with economic growth, and thus it is recommended that policymakers and other involved stakeholders act to diminish environmental impacts in this sector using green investment in port infrastructure and ecological ships, in accordance with the current European trends and concerns.

Empirical Literature on Economic Growth, 1991–2020: Uncovering Extant Gaps and Avenues for Future Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 097491012110616
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Doré ◽  
Aurora A. C. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Determinants Of Economic Growth ◽  
Latin American And Caribbean

The factors required to achieve sustainable economic growth in a country are debated for decades, and empirical research in this regard continues to grow. Given the relevance of the topic and the absence of a comprehensive, systematic literature review, we used bibliometric techniques to examine and document several aspects in the empirical literature related to growth, from 1991 to 2020. Five main results are worth highlighting: (a) the share of empirical articles on economic growth show a clear upward trend; (b) among all the groups of countries considered, the emerging economies (EEs) have received the most scientific attention; (c) the economic growth processes of the Latin American and Caribbean EEs have observed negligible scientific attention; (d) the very long-run studies comprise a residual share among the empirical literature on growth; (e) the extant empirical studies on economic growth have addressed mainly the impact of “macroeconomic conditions.” Our findings suggest there is a need to redirect the empirical growth agenda, so as to encourage more scientific attention devoted to the analysis of key determinants of economic growth in the very long run. There should also be increased scrutiny of the processes of economic growth in Latin American and Caribbean EEs

Assessing the Impact of the Factors in the Digital Transformation on the Regional Economic Growth

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-510
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Mirolyubova ◽  
Marina V. Radionova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Introduction. The scientific problem under consideration is of particular relevance due to the need to assess the impact of the factors in the digital transformation of the regional economy and in the economic growth on the economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on the research conducted, the article presents an econometric assessment of the dependence of the level of the gross regional product per capita in the regions of Russia on such factors as digital labor and digital capital. Materials and Methods. The authors analyzed panel data from the Federal State Statistics Service covering 87 regions of Russia for the period from 2010 to 2018. The research methodology is based on the use of the Cobb–Douglas production function, statistical and correlation data analysis, as well as on econometric methods for studying panel data. Results. To analyze the impact of the digital transformation of the economy on the regional economic growth of the regions of Russia, various models based on panel data have been considered, such as the pooled model, fixed effects models, random effects models, as well as time-varying effects models using dummy variables. Based on statistical criteria, the best model has been chosen and conclusions have been drawn about the nature of the impact of the digital transformation indicators on the gross regional product per capita in the regions of Russia. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of econometric modeling have demonstrated that digital factors in economic growth (digital labor, digital capital), along with common factors in economic growth (labor and capital), affect the regional economic growth. According to the regional data for the period from 2010 to 2018, the time fixed effects model has proved to be the best model of the impact of the factors in economic growth and digital transformation on the economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation. The research results can be used when developing a public policy aimed at stimulating the digital transformation of the regional economy.

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