COVID19 Long Term Effects in Patients Treated with Chlorine Dioxide

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) has generated widespread healthcare concerns and has overburdened healthcare institutions. As the number of COVID19 patients recovers, so does the frequency of reports of COVID19-like symptoms following discharge. A telephone survey with standardized questions was undertaken in which participants were asked if they had had any of 25 possible sequelae after being diagnosed with COVID19 and treated with a Chlorine Dioxide Solution (CDS). One hundred sixty-one people completed the survey. We discovered that rising age is a risk factor (OR = 1.035, p = 0.028, 95% CI = 1.004-1.069), and the odds of having any symptoms in moderate patients is 0.077 compared to mild patients (P = 0.003). It was predicted that 64.6 percent of patients treated with CDS for SARS-CoV-2 infection experienced an average of 3.41 long-term effects. There were no variations in the number of sequelae reported by sex, age, COVID19 severity, or therapy method. The five most prevalent manifestations of the 25 distinct long-term symptoms observed in this study were fatigue, hair loss, dyspnea, concentration problem, and sleep difficulties. In addition, individuals treated with multiple drugs (COVID19 conventional treatment plus a CDS) had 2.7 fewer cases of sequelae, and patients treated exclusively with CDS had 6.14 fewer incidences of long-term effects. People who get a CDS are 19% less likely to experience long-term health effects than patients who receive standard COVID19 therapy. According to the findings of this study, patients who receive a CDS have a reduced probability of developing sequelae. Furthermore, the incidence of long-term effects is lower in individuals treated exclusively with a CDS. The recent findings involving Chlorine Dioxide support the development of clinical studies to evaluate its efficacy in preventing the development of COVID19 long-term effects.

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Long-Term Effects of Chlorthalidone Versus Hydrochlorothiazide on Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

Yearbook of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.ycar.2012.02.009 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 49-51

Author(s):

W.J. Elliott

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Multiple Risk Factor ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Multiple Risk

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The Anatomy of Loneliness

Current Directions in Psychological Science ◽

10.1111/1467-8721.01232 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 71-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 169

Author(s):

John T. Cacioppo ◽

Louise C. Hawkley ◽

Gary G. Berntson

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term

Loneliness is a potent but little understood risk factor for broad-based morbidity and mortality. We review five social neurobehavioral mechanisms that may account for this association. The evidence suggests that different mechanisms explain short-term and long-term effects, and that the long-term effects operate through multiple pathways. Implications for the design of interventions are discussed.

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0899 Long-term Effects Of Adenotonsillectomy In Children Diagnosed With Obstructive Sleep Apnea On Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Morbidity

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.895 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A342-A342

Author(s):

J Even Tsur ◽

R Auhasira ◽

A Shiloh ◽

V Novack ◽

A Goldbart

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity in adults. In children, cardiovascular morbidity associated with OSA is usually thought to resolve after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A). There is no information regarding the long term effects of T&A on future cardiovascular morbidity in children diagnosed with OSA. In this study, we performed data mining to assess long-term effects of adenotonsillectomy on risk factors for cardiovascular disease, in young adults. Methods This study retrospectively investigated the population defined by a previous study in our institution [Tarasiuk etal Pediatrics 2004] and compared a group of children diagnosed with OSA and underwent T&A(n=130) to a group of children diagnosed with OSA that did not undergo T&A(n=90) to a control group without OSA (n=505). Demographic data, vital signs, anthropometric measurements, medical diagnoses (9th revision (ICD-9) codes) and medication purchases were captured from the HMO computerized database, between the years 1998-2018. When appropriate, univariate comparisons were made using χ 2-test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables, and one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests for quantitative variables. We performed multivariate logistic regression to model the factors associated with the diagnosis of obesity. IBM SPSS software, version 25.0, was used for statistical analysis. Results We have found that 20 years after their OSA diagnosis, patients (25.1 years, 52.2% males, 26.2 BMI) who were diagnosed with OSA at age 5 and did not undergo T&A consumed more medications associated with cardiovascular morbidity (anti-hypertensive, statins, aspirin) than those who underwent T&A(P<0.001). Surprisingly, multivariate logistic regression revealed that only females diagnosed with OSA (with or without T&A) were diagnosed as obese in comparison to those that did not have OSA (P<0.001). Conclusion Children who were diagnosed with OSA and were not operated will consume more medications (anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemia, aspirin) as young adults, a surrogate marker for early cardiovascular disease. OSA in girls seems to serve as a risk factor for obesity in their third decade of life. It is important to diagnose and treat OSA in children, and to monitor and prevent obesity, mainly in females. Support Israel Science Foundation (ISF) 1344/15

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Long-Term Effects of Chlorthalidone Versus Hydrochlorothiazide on Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.181248 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 1001-1007 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Michael E. Ernst ◽

James D. Neaton ◽

Richard H. Grimm ◽

Gary Collins ◽

William Thomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Multiple Risk Factor ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Multiple Risk

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Long-term effects of bullying

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2014-306667 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 100 (9) ◽

pp. 879-885 ◽

Cited By ~ 205

Author(s):

Dieter Wolke ◽

Suzet Tanya Lereya

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Abuse Of Power ◽

Effects Of Bullying ◽

Being Bullied ◽

Adult Roles

Bullying is the systematic abuse of power and is defined as aggressive behaviour or intentional harm-doing by peers that is carried out repeatedly and involves an imbalance of power. Being bullied is still often wrongly considered as a ‘normal rite of passage’. This review considers the importance of bullying as a major risk factor for poor physical and mental health and reduced adaptation to adult roles including forming lasting relationships, integrating into work and being economically independent. Bullying by peers has been mostly ignored by health professionals but should be considered as a significant risk factor and safeguarding issue.

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Mechanisms by Which Dehydration May Lead to Chronic Kidney Disease

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000381239 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (Suppl. 3) ◽

pp. 10-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

C. Roncal-Jimenez ◽

M.A. Lanaspa ◽

T. Jensen ◽

L.G. Sanchez-Lozada ◽

R.J. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Central America ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Acute Renal Dysfunction ◽

Chronic Kidney Diseases

Dehydration, a condition that characterizes excessive loss of body water, is well known to be associated with acute renal dysfunction; however, it has largely been considered reversible and to be associated with no long-term effects on the kidney. Recently, an epidemic of chronic kidney disease has emerged in Central America in which the major risk factor seems to be recurrent heat-associated dehydration. This has led to studies investigating whether recurrent dehydration may lead to permanent kidney damage. Three major potential mechanisms have been identified, including the effects of vasopressin on the kidney, the activation of the aldose reductase-fructokinase pathway, and the effects of chronic hyperuricemia. The discovery of these pathways has also led to the recognition that mild dehydration may be a risk factor in progression of all types of chronic kidney diseases. Furthermore, there is some evidence that increasing hydration, particularly with water, may actually prevent CKD. Thus, a whole new area of investigation is developing that focuses on the role of water and osmolarity and their influence on kidney function and health.

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Aluminum as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692008000100023 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 151-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Pricilla Costa Ferreira ◽

Kamila de Almeida Piai ◽

Angela Maria Magosso Takayanagui ◽

Susana Inés Segura-Muñoz

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Aluminum Exposure ◽

The World

The purpose of the study was to condense existing scientific evidence about the relation between aluminum (Al) exposure and risk for the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), evaluating its long-term effects on the population's health. A systematic literature review was carried out in two databases, MEDLINE and LILACS, between 1990 and 2005, using the uniterms: "Aluminum exposure and Alzheimer Disease" and "Aluminum and risk for Alzheimer Disease". After application of the Relevance Test, 34 studies were selected, among which 68% established a relation between Al and AD, 23.5% were inconclusive and 8.5% did not establish a relation between Al and AD. Results showed that Al is associated to several neurophysiologic processes that are responsible for the characteristic degeneration of AD. In spite of existing polemics all over the world about the role of Al as a risk factor for AD, in recent years, scientific evidence has demonstrated that Al is associated with the development of AD.

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Is vaping better than smoking for cardiorespiratory and muscle function?

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.4081/mrm.2020.674 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Z. Darabseh ◽

James Selfe ◽

Christopher I. Morse ◽

Hans Degens

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Muscle Function ◽

Respiratory Function ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Future Studies ◽

Better Than

Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for respiratory disorders, cardiovascular diseases and even decrements in muscle function. Electronic cigarette use (vaping) is considered a healthier alternative to cigarette smoking and may help in smoking cessation. However, the effects of vaping are not clear yet and particularly the long-term effects of vaping are largely unknown. Some reports suggest that vaping maybe as harmful for e.g. respiratory function, as cigarette smoking. In this narrative review the effects of vaping and cigarette smoking on respiratory, cardiovascular and muscle function are compared. Overall, vaping has been found to cause similar effects as smoking on lung function and cardiovascular function. Future studies are needed to clarify the severity of smoking- and vaping-induced decrements on muscle function.

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Surgical treatment of obesity

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-07-0145 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 158 (2) ◽

pp. 135-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 163

Author(s):

Mariëlle J F Bult ◽

Thijs van Dalen ◽

Alex F Muller

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Conventional Treatment ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Joint Disease ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Long Term Treatment

More than half of the European population are overweight (body mass index (BMI) >25 and <30 kg/m2) and up to 30% are obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2). Being overweight and obesity are becoming endemic, particularly because of increasing nourishment and a decrease in physical exercise. Insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cholelithiasis, certain forms of cancer, steatosis hepatis, gastroesophageal reflux, obstructive sleep apnea, degenerative joint disease, gout, lower back pain, and polycystic ovary syndrome are all associated with overweight and obesity. The endemic extent of overweight and obesity with its associated comorbidities has led to the development of therapies aimed at weight loss. The long-term effects of diet, exercise, and medical therapy on weight are relatively poor. With respect to durable weight reduction, bariatric surgery is the most effective long-term treatment for obesity with the greatest chances for amelioration and even resolution of obesity-associated complications. Recent evidence shows that bariatric surgery for severe obesity is associated with decreased overall mortality. However, serious complications can occur and therefore a careful selection of patients is of utmost importance. Bariatric surgery should at least be considered for all patients with a BMI of more than 40 kg/m2 and for those with a BMI of more than 35 kg/m2 with concomitant obesity-related conditions after failure of conventional treatment. The importance of weight loss and results of conventional treatment will be discussed first. Currently used operative treatments for obesity and their effectiveness and complications are described. Proposed criteria for bariatric surgery are given. Also, some attention is devoted to more basic insights that bariatric surgery has provided. Finally we deal with unsolved questions and future directions for research.

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