scholarly journals Novel Corona Virus and Veterinary Perspective: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Genomic Features ◽  
The Past ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Antiviral Medications ◽  
And Control ◽  
Long Term Experience

The family of RNA viruses, Coronaviridae has been responsible for the past two epidemics of many viral related diseases and viral pneumonia. Currently, the covid-19 pandemic is brought about by another member from the Coronaviridae family named SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus), which arose from China in December 2019. Coronavirus was not considered primarily a pathogen in the human population until the outbreak of SARS-CoV-19. Coronavirus causes a variety of infectious diseases in many livestock, poultry, and pet animals resulting in great economic losses. Because of the long-term experience attained with animal CoV, veterinary medication could assist with producing a superior comprehension of the cause and spread of SARS-CoV-2 and could drive future exploration in human medication towards the improvement of safe immunization and successful immunogenic and antiviral medications. This review focuses on general morphological and genomic features, origin of coronaviruses, its specific impacts on animals in relation to zoonotic potential and food chain wrongdoings. In addition, we propose some recommendations and control strategies that could be applied in combating the threats imposed by the covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Profilaxis, immunoprophylaxis and therapy of staphylococcal mastitis

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Vakanjac ◽  
Vojislav Pavlovic ◽  
Nebojsa Pavlovic
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

Inflammation of the mammary gland, mastitis, in cows presents one of the most acute problems in intensive milk production, incurring huge economic losses which reach from 20-80% even in developed countries in the past decade. On the grounds of the programme of the respective Ministry, the Veterinary Service of the Republic of Serbia is obliged to monitor, detect, curb and control infective inflammation of the mammary gland caused by staphylococcus and streptococcus. Long-term different approaches to mastitis treatment did not result in the required solution, so that the problem of mastitis is still present and acute. In order to prevent the infiltration of the pathogenic cause into the mammary gland, its populating and multiplication, it is necessary to maintain constant and regular controls of milk, as well as undertake of preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at reducing the incidence of mastitis. Immunization and immunotherapy of mastitis are new and very interesting areas for scientific investigations and work. In the recent decades vaccines against staphylococcal mastitis are being successfully developed, whose success is reflected in the reduced incidence of clinical and subcilinical mastitis.

Caligids-potential pathogens for marine finfish aquaculture in Mexico?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
Francisco Neptalí Morales-Serna ◽  
Juan Manuel Martínez-Brown ◽  
Rosa Maria Medina-Guerrero ◽  
Emma Josefina Fajer-Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Host Location ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Sea Lice ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Control ◽  
Finfish Aquaculture

Parasitic copepods of the family Caligidae, the so-called sea lice, may be deleterious to marine or brackish finfish aquaculture. To date, biological and ecological studies of sea lice have been mostly restricted to species from cold or temperate regions. In Mexico there are some records of sea lice species on marine fishes; however, the research regarding their biology and ecology has been scarce. It is possible that a high biodiversity of sea lice is distributed in coastal waters of Mexico; therefore, their significance as pathogenic parasites should increase. The purpose of this review is to outline the current knowledge of the life cycle, host location, ecology, effect on fish health, and control strategies of sea lice in order to establish supportive basis for natural resource management and control of parasites and diseases of marine fish cultured in Mexico.

Historiographical facts and political practice in Russia in the XVIII – beginning of the XXI centuries

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.Н. Ланской
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Control ◽  
Coordination And Control ◽  
Development And Evolution

Статья посвящена истории связи между развитием исторической науки и политической практики в России. В контексте этого развития представлены, с одной стороны, эволюция исторических исследований и их координации и, с другой стороны, трансформация подхода институциональных структур государства к выбору управленческой стратегии в руководстве работой историков. В качестве примера для исследования обозначенной проблемы выбран период с начала XVIII до начала XXI века, потому что в его рамках была сформирована практика профессиональной деятельности в сфере историографии как процесса человеческой деятельности. Особое внимание в статье адресовано к роли идеологии в формировании различных моделей связи между работой историков и политических деятелей по конструированию образа прошлого, настоящего и будущего развития российской истории. The article reveals the connection between the historical science development and evolution of political practice in Russia.In that context shown are the course of the historical research and the coordination and control strategies implemented by the state, including institutional transformations.As a subject of current research was taken the period from the XVIII – beginning of the XXI centuries, when historiography became a profession and was institutionalized.Special attention is driven to the role of ideology in adopting different models of interaction between historians and political actors, while framing the image of the past, the present and the future of Russia.

scholarly journals The veterinary perspective of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
N. Lawal ◽  
A.B. Onoja
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Virus Entry ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Epidemiological Trend ◽  
The Family ◽  
Epidemiological Trends ◽  
And Control ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

Coronaviridae is a family of RNA viruses responsible for two previous epidemics of viral pneumonia and related illnesses: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in 2002 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in 2012. The current COVID-19 pandemic is caused by a new member of the family Coronaviridae, named SARS-CoV-2 which emerged in December, 2019 in Wuhan, China. Infected persons present with severe respiratory illness including pneumonia. There have been reports of confirmed cases in different animal species that became infected with SARS-CoV-2, suggesting possible reverse zoonosis. In this review, we discussed the origin, biology, genome organization, replication and virus entry into host cells, immune mechanisms, epidemiological trends, prevention and control strategies employed in combating the threat posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, Epidemiological trend, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2

scholarly journals Infectious Bronchitis Virus Evolution, Diagnosis and Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Legnardi ◽  
Claudia Maria Tucciarone ◽  
Giovanni Franzo ◽  
Mattia Cecchinato
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Recombination Rates ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
And Control

RNA viruses are characterized by high mutation and recombination rates, which allow a rapid adaptation to new environments. Most of the emerging diseases and host jumps are therefore sustained by these viruses. Rapid evolution may also hinder the understanding of molecular epidemiology, affect the sensitivity of diagnostic assays, limit the vaccine efficacy and favor episodes of immune escape, thus significantly complicating the control of even well-known pathogens. The history of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) fits well with the above-mentioned scenario. Despite being known since the 1930s, it still represents one of the main causes of disease and economic losses for the poultry industry. A plethora of strategies have been developed and applied over time, with variable success, to limit its impact. However, they have rarely been evaluated objectively and on an adequate scale. Therefore, the actual advantages and disadvantages of IBV detection and control strategies, as well as their implementation, still largely depend on individual sensibility. The present manuscript aims to review the main features of IBV biology and evolution, focusing on their relevance and potential applications in terms of diagnosis and control.

scholarly journals Barriers to IPM adoption for insect pests in New Zealand pastures

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mansfield ◽  
Colin M. Ferguson ◽  
Toni White ◽  
Scott Hardwick ◽  
Sean D.G. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Share Information

New Zealand’s pastoral sector faces significant challenges to pest management as long-standing insecticides are deregistered. To protect their pastures, farmers need to shift from reactive responses that lead to poor economic outcomes to pre-emptive responses that are viable in the long term. Current management practices (insecticides, endophytes, biological control) for New Zealand’s pasture insect pests were assessed from the perspective of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Potential impacts from novel control strategies and emerging digital technologies were evaluated to determine how these could improve pest management. Cryptic IPM is present within the New Zealand pastoral sector: that is, farmers practise various elements of IPM but these elements are not integrated into a cohesive system, so farmers often fail to recognise pest impacts until significant economic losses have occurred. We identified important networks by which farmers, industry and researchers communicate and share information, and can develop strategies to raise awareness of IPM. To encourage adoption, farmers need to feel ownership of pasture IPM. Investment in IPM training for farmers through industry extension networks is essential to prepare farmers for the shift away from chemical insecticides to new biologically based control methods. Adoption of IPM will help pastoralists respond to current and new pest challenges.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF RESEARCH COMPETENCIES IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING PENITENTIARY PSYCHOLOGISTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Irina Slobodskaya ◽  
Elena Filipova ◽  
Oxana Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Research Competencies ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control ◽  
Long Term Experience

Training of penitentiary psychologists on the educational program «Psychology of official activity» is conducted in two universities of the Federal penitentiary service (FSIN of Russia). An important component of the practical and scientific activities of the penitentiary psychologist is the development, conduct and analysis of various psychological studies that require a high level of development of the necessary competencies. This article discusses the author's methodology IVDRC (Individual vector of development of research competencies), used in the training of penitentiary psychologists in the study of mathematical methods in psychology. The methodology is based on the continuity and professional orientation of training courses, individual approach, support and control of the stages of study of disciplines, the use of information technologies, own methodological materials and manuals. The developed technique is a generalization of long-term experience of teaching mathematical disciplines in departmental higher education institution. The technique of IVDRC has been successfully used for several years at the psychological faculty of the Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penal Service of Russia. To date, more than 150 cadets have been trained using the technology of IVDRC. The article analyzes some results and efficiency of its application using statistical methods. 

scholarly journals Smart Applications using Robotic and Iot Technologies in Fighting against Pandemic Covid19 in Medical and Societal Sectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1265-1273
Keyword(s):  
Important Research ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Entire World ◽  
And Control

: During the past few months, the entire world is being suffering with a dangerous deadly virus named Covid19 or Coronavirus. This pandemic corona virus has washed out thousands and lakhs of people all over the world within months’ time and made all the countries GDP and economic growth collapsed. Accordingly, in India and other countries an important research and innovation investments have been made by various science and technological laboratories that are collaborated with various private and government stakeholders to find new ways to eliminate or kill the pandemic corona virus in human bodies and society. All over the world, the doctors and scientists are working very hard to reduce the rate of death and control the rate of corona spread. Alternatively, the engineers, entrepreneurs, industrialists, technocrats are sorting out and finding new ways to bridge the gap between science and technology by inventing new methods and measurements in medical, societal and service sectors The purpose of the proposed study is to showcase the opportunities of using engineering technology in biomedical and societal applications taking all over the world caused by the corona attack. The introduction of Robots and IOTs made the industries and firms fully smart automated and digitalized. In other perspective, robots were also serving medical sectors since many years successfully in heart surgeries, fighting cancer cells etc. and making the footprints for further research and developments. An attempt is made to highlight the methods and applications of Robots & IOT’s in large extent in medical and societal areas to safeguard from coronavirus

scholarly journals Trends in Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Rural Northeast China: 2008 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Liying Xing ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Li Jing ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Yuanmeng Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Further Development

Objective. This study is aimed at exploring the trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural northeast China from 2008 to 2018. Methods. Two successive cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Liaoning rural areas in 2008 and 2018, which included 131520 and 10926 representative participants aged≥40 years, respectively. Results. Overall, the age-standardized prevalence of hypertension increased from 44.7% to 53.6%, and male residents showed a faster pace of increase and a 2.1-fold increase than female residents (25.5% vs. 10.6%) from 2008 to 2018. Moreover, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased by 9.0% and 4.1%, respectively, and the increase rates were greater in men than in women (9.2% vs. 8.9% and 5.3% vs. 3.5%, P<0.05). Additionally, the prevalence of stage 2 and above hypertension was significantly higher in men than in women. However, the awareness, treatment, and control rates showed no improvement and remained unacceptably low. Control rates were 3.7% in 2008 and 3.6% in 2018. Even among individuals who received medical treatment, only 8.7% and 10.1% had controlled hypertension in 2008 and 2018, respectively. Conclusions. The prevalence of hypertension and mean blood pressure increased steadily in the past 10 years in rural northeast China, especially in men. However, the awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension remained extremely low. Therefore, long-term comprehensive strategies are urgently needed to prevent further development of cardiovascular diseases in these areas.

Semiotic Approach to the Truth of the Reliability Results of Socio-Economic Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Tarasova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Research ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
Economic Nature ◽  
Important Variant ◽  
And Control ◽  
Long Term Experience

The semiotic approach is still unreasonably rarely used in research in the field of Economics; more precisely, even the actual inclusion of its or its elements in the development of materials of any research is still not accompanied by awareness of this and an indication of their semiotic nature. The article analyzes the results of our long-term experience of semiotic analysis and control of dozens of heterogeneous (mainly conducted with our active participation) socio-economic and other studies. The analysis begins with a theoretical consideration of the process of achieving not only the reliability, but also the truth of the results of research (on the basis of philosophical theories of truth). The semiotic control of the correctness of the epistemological, socio-economic and mathematical propositions used is illustrated by the material of various studies. They were analyzed and implemented using the proposed semiotic methodology to ensure the reliability of indicators. It has no analogues known to us so far and includes a general semiotic methodology and its important variant – a comparative methodology for determining the indicators of state statistics. This allowed us to solve some problems of general economic nature (starting with the most important language the correctness of the use of formally rigorous mathematical apparatus in research in the natural), and a number of serious problems to determine the practical effectiveness (or inefficiency) of the parameters of social policy.

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