Group Supervision in Psychotherapy - Development Stages, Development Phases of the Supervisory Relationship and the Supervisee’s Development Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Loredana Ileana Vîșcu ◽  
Clifton Edward Jr. Watkins ◽  
Ioana Eva Căadariu
Keyword(s):  
Development Stage ◽  
Group Supervision ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Supervisory Relationship ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Mental Map ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Learning Alliance ◽  
Development Levels

The organisation and supervision of a group of therapists, during a long period of time, are commitments that the supervisor thinks about both before starting the activity with the group and throughout the existence of the group. Supervision models can provide a mental map accordingly used by the supervisor in the journey with each supervisee, but also with the group as a whole. During each supervision session, the supervisor places the group as a whole in a development stage (coagulation, maturation, final) and identifies at the stage of development for the supervisory relationship [1] with each member of the group and with his/her level of development [2], but also with the entire group, adapting his/her style to the characteristics of each supervisee, but also to the characteristics of the group as a whole. The learning alliance is the centre of the supervision relationship. The aim of the paper is to integrate the development stages of the supervision group with the development phases of the supervisory relationship and with the supervisee’s development levels. The paper is based on our practical activity as supervisors in group supervision.

scholarly journals Ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene action over senescence of nasturtium flowers

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania P Silva ◽  
Fernando L Finger
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Premature Senescence ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
The Third ◽  
Exogenous Ethylene ◽  
Floral Bud

ABSTRACT: This work describes ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) action on post-harvest shelf life of four development stages of nasturtium flowers. To reach this goal, we carried out three experiments. In the first and second experiments, we studied five ethylene (0; 0.1; 1; 10; 100 and 1000 μL/L) and three 1-MCP concentrations (0.25; 0.5 and 0.75 μL/L), respectively. In the third experiment, 1-MCP was followed by combined with ethylene (only 1-MCP; only ethylene; and 24 hours of exposure to 0.75 μL/L 1-MCP followed by 24 hours of exposure to 100 μL/L ethylene). All experiments had two control treatments, one keeping non-exposed flowers inside and another outside exposure chambers. Experiments were set in factorial design, in complete blocks at random, with four 10-flower replications each. Flower senescence was determined by a pre-established visual scale and by observing floral bud development. Ethylene dose above 10 μL/L induced flower wilting and premature senescence from the second floral development stage. Furthermore, higher concentrations of exogenous ethylene promoted irregular flower opening and/or morphological abnormalities in opened flowers. 1-MCP effectively extended post-harvest longevity of nasturtium flowers, independent of the concentration and even in the presence of exogenous ethylene.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Characterization of the Gut Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Yaks

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Yaping Wang ◽  
Yuhang Fu ◽  
Yuanyuan He ◽  
Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar ◽  
Mudassar Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Aging ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Intestinal Functions ◽  
Development Phases

Development phases are important in maturing immune systems, intestinal functions, and metabolism for the construction, structure, and diversity of microbiome in the intestine during the entire life. Characterizing the gut microbiota colonization and succession based on age-dependent effects might be crucial if a microbiota-based therapeutic or disease prevention strategy is adopted. The purpose of this study was to reveal the dynamic distribution of intestinal bacterial and fungal communities across all development stages in yaks. Dynamic changes (a substantial difference) in the structure and composition ratio of the microbial community were observed in yaks that matched the natural aging process from juvenile to natural aging. This study included a significant shift in the abundance and proportion of bacterial phyla (Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria) and fungal phyla (Chytridiomycota, Mortierellomycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota) across all development stages in yaks. As yaks grew older, variation reduced, and diversity increased as compared to young yaks. In addition, the intestine was colonized by a succession of microbiomes that coalesced into a more mature adult, including Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Romboutsia, Prevotellaceae_UCG-004, Blautia, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Ruminococcus_1, Ruminiclostridium_5, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Alloprevotella, Acetitomaculum, Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group, Bacteroides, Treponema_2, Olsenella, Escherichia-Shigella, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and fungal communities Mortierella, Lomentospora, Orpinomyces, and Saccharomyces. In addition, microorganisms that threaten health, such as Escherichia-Shigella, Mortierella, Lomentospora and Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Corynebacterium_1, Trichosporon, and Coprinellus, were enriched in young and old yaks, respectively, although all yaks were healthy. The significant shifts in microflora composition and structure might reflect adaptation of gut microbiome, which is associated with physicochemical conditions changes and substrate availability in the gut across all development periods of yaks.

scholarly journals STUDIES REGARDING THE MORPHOLOGY OF HORSE CHESTNUT LEAFMINER΄ S LARVA (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič)

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Pop ◽  
Oana Pop ◽  
G. Cuc ◽  
I. Oltean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Origin Area

Horse leafminer of ornamental chestnut (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimič) spread in Europe very quickly and produces important damages to species like Aesculus especially to Aesculus hippocastanum L. Science peoples from European countries where this pest is present, were and are concern by all the aspects regarding this pest: origin, area of spread, morphology, biology and fighting. The present paper completes the aspect of morphology of larva by photos of larvae using electron microscope in different development stages, so to can determinate the medium size of larvae in every stage, inclusive aspects regarding the segments characteristics of thorax and abdomen. This characteristics help to determinate the larval stage of development .

scholarly journals Efecto de medicamentos homeopáticos en plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Fernando Abasolo Pacheco ◽  
Boris Bonilla Montalván ◽  
Cesar Bermeo Toledo ◽  
Yarelys Ferrer Sánchez ◽  
Andy Jafet Ramirez Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Development Stages

Agrochemical use in horticultural cultivations generates negative effects, thus the need for searching to decrease or eliminate its use by means of other less toxic techniques. Agricultural homeopathy represents an alternative for ecological agriculture, impacting positively in cultivation development. The effect of four homeopathic medicines for human use were assessed in two centesimal dynamizations (7CH and 13CH) [(Silicea Terra (SiT), Natrum muriaticum (NaM), Zincum phosphoricum (ZiP) and Phosphoricum acidum (PhA)], and a control treatment (distilled water) on tomato plant germination, emergence, and initial development. The treatments were established under a randomized complete block design with three repiclates. Germination and emergence rate and percentage and morphometric variables (plant height, radicle length, dry and wet weight) were assessed, including the variables in stem diameter and wet and dry leaf weight, number of branches, leaves, and buds in the vegetative development stage. Signif icant differences were observed in all the morphometric variables assessed in function of the different development stages, homeopathic medicines, and their different dynamizations. During germination, greater growth in stem length was observed with ZiP-7CH (5.5 ± 0.98 cm) compared to the control group (4.3 ± 1.10 cm). During the emergence stage, the treatments SiT-7CH (6.6 ± 1.11 cm) and ZiP-7CH (5.9 ± 1.41 cm) increased stem length signif icantly whereas with PhA-7CH, the best effects were obtained in the variables assessed during the vegetative development stage, LT (94 ± 8.31 cm), leaf number (No hojas) (131 ± 27.71), fresh stem biomass (BFT) (17.20 ± 2.45 g), wet leaf biomass (BFH) (30 ± 7.72 g), dry leaf biomass (BSH) (2 ± 0.61 g), fresh root biomass (BFR) (10 ± 6.26 g), dry root biomass (BSR) (1 ± 0.43 g), and number of flower buds (No H) (6 ± 7.10). The homeopathic medicines applied impacted positively during the initial and vegetative development stages of tomato under controlled conditions. This research study represents and advance in the sustainable management of tomato cultivation.

scholarly journals An Analytical Model of Tourist Destination Development and Characteristics of the Development Stages: Example of the Island of Bornholm

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 6989
Author(s):  
Adam R. Szromek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The 1960S

This paper presents the basis of the tourism area life cycle (TALC) concept and its extension in the context of the implementation of sustainable development practices in the tourist business model. The author uses the logistic function to determine the level of tourist absorption and capacity. The empirical basis of the methods used was statistics on the development of the tourist industry on Bornholm. The objective of the paper is to determine the stage of development of the tourist area of Bornholm and the consequences of this stage for business models of tourist enterprises functioning there. The results of the analysis indicate that the range of tourist absorption was reached in the 1960s–1970s, and that it is currently getting closer to the upper threshold of that range. Tourism on Bornholm, in line with the TALC concept, is currently in the stabilization stage. Future tourist trends on Bornholm depend on many factors; however, if tourist development goes into the decline stage, the offered products may require transformation, in terms of both transport and the form and availability of tourist attractions. Perhaps this will involve a total transformation of the island into a facility with a specific entertainment, leisure, or business profile. The listed solutions will require entrepreneurs to react within the scope of a transformation of their business models into sustainable models of tourist business.

Coaching Program in Detention Centers as Process of Preparing Inmate Life Skills

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Peri Aldaus ◽  
Alim Harun Pamungkas
Keyword(s):  
Development Stage ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Second Development ◽  
Former Prisoners ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Three Stages

This paper is motivated by the challenges that will be faced by former prisoners when returning to society. The purpose of this paper to describe to the coaching program aimed at prisoners who are in detention centers. This paper used a literature study method by collecting data related to the topic of articles obtained from various sources. Search for published articles using the selected keywords. Articles or journals that match the inclusion and exclusion criteria are taken for further analysis. The concludes of this paper that coaching is divided into stages, namely the initial stage, which is calculated from the initial time of entry up to one-third of the criminal period. Meanwhile, the first stage of development is a third to half of the sentence. Next is the second development stage, namely half to the end of the criminal period. These three stages constitute an effective system.

Effects of Temperature on Embryonic Development of Lake Herring (Coregonus artedii)

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Colby ◽  
L. T. Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Hatching Time ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Coregonus Artedii ◽  
Washtenaw County ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Lake Herring

Embryonic development of lake herring (Coregonus artedii) was observed in the laboratory at 13 constant temperatures from 0.0 to 12.1 C and in Pickerel Lake (Washtenaw County, Michigan) at natural temperature regimes. Rate of development during incubation was based on progression of the embryos through 20 identifiable stages.An equation was derived to predict development stage at constant temperatures, on the general assumption that development stage [Formula: see text] is a function of time (days, D) and temperature (T). The equation should also be useful in interpreting estimates from future regressions that include other environmental variables that affect egg development.A second regression model, derived primarily for fluctuating temperatures, related development rate for stage [Formula: see text], expressed as the reciprocal of time, to temperature (x). The generalized equation for a development stage is:[Formula: see text]In general, time required for embryos to reach each stage of development in Pickerel Lake agreed closely with the time predicted from this equation, derived from our laboratory observations. Hatching time was predicted within 1 day in 1969 and within 2 days in 1970.We used the equations derived with the second model to predict the effect of the super-imposition of temperature increases of 1 and 2 C on the measured temperatures in Pickerel Lake. Conceivably, hatching dates could be affected sufficiently to jeopardize the first feeding of lake herring through loss of harmony between hatching date and seasonal food availability.

scholarly journals Gametophyte morphology of Acrostichum aureum and A. danaeifolium (Pteridaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Alejandra Castrejón-Varela ◽  
Blanca Pérez-García ◽  
Aniceto Mendoza-Ruiz ◽  
Silvia Espinosa-Matías
Keyword(s):  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Saline Habitats ◽  
Lateral Meristem ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Mangrove Communities

Acrostichum is a pantropical genus and has four species, two of which occur in the Neotropics, A. aureum and A. danaeifolium. In Mexico, A. danaeifolium grows further in land wet soils and is much more common than A. aureum, which is typically found in brackish or saline habitats near the coast, and is restricted to coastal saline mangrove communities. The purpose of this paper was to describe and compare the morphogenesis of the sexual phase of A. aureum and A. danaeifolium for systematic purposes. For this, spores of each species were sown in Petri dishes with agar, previously enriched with sterilized Thompson's medium. To avoid contamination and dehydration, the dishes were kept in transparent plastic bags under laboratory conditions. For the micro-morphological observation with SEM, the gametophyte development phases were fixed in FAA with 0.8 % sucrose for 24 h. Photomicrographs of spores, development stages of gametophytes and young sporophytes were observed with scanning electron microscope Jeol JSM5310-LV. Our results showed that the spores of both species are triletes, globose and positive photoblastic. Germination is Vittaria-type; the germinate filaments are short and uniseriate (5 to 7 cells), and prothallial development is Ceratopteris-type. The adult gametophytes of both species have asymmetrical wings. Adult gametophytes in culture are cordiform-spatulate. Antheridia have a broad basal cell, an annular cell, and an asymmetric opercular cell. Archegonia have short necks and four triangular cells at the mouth of the neck. The first leaf of the sporophyte is lobed, with dichotomous veins and anomocytic stomata. The gemmae are formed in adult gametophytes in both species. The development of the gametophyte of A. aureum, A. danaeifolium and A. speciosum share many similarities such as the development of a lateral meristem, asymmetric nature of the mature prothallus, lack of hairs on the prothallus, and undivided asymmetrical opercular antheridia morphology. The genus Acrostichum is the sister group of Ceratopteris, another genus of aquatic ferns; they differ in the antheridium morphology, Acrostichum has an asymmetric opercular cell and Ceratopteris shows an undivided cap cell, but the notable difference is the sporophyte morphology.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN ASESMEN FORMATIF DAN REMEDIASI BERBASIS KOMPUTER PADA POKOK BAHASAN SUHU DAN KALOR SMP KELAS VII

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Nurul Kamar ◽  
Sentot Kusairi ◽  
Siti Zubaidah
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Formative Assessments ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Direct Feedback

Formative assessments developed by teachers are generally conventional. One of the most common constraints on conventional formative assessment is the time to correct the test results long enough, especially for schools with large capacity classes. Therefore the teacher difficulties in providing direct feedback. This paper proposes a computer-based assessment product called ASFORDIASI BEKOM. The application is able to provide formative tests, feedback immediately after conducting tests, and provides remediation materials to help learners learn independently. The design of the study used the Dick & Carey (2001) research and development design which consists of four general stages: preliminary study, preparation, development, and effectiveness test. The study is limited to the third stage of development stage. Based on the validation and trial results of the product, BEKOM ASFORDIASI is considered feasible if used for learning especially on temperature material and calor grade VII SMP.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATION EDUCATION THROUGH BLENDED LEARNING

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Prasetyo ◽  
Widyasari Widyasari ◽  
Rudi Hartono
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Outdoor Education ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Course Materials ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Education Innovation

Development courses Educational Innovation is based on the analysis of the needs that exist in FKIP Djuanda Bogor University for a study to be carried out face-to-face and through/within network (Online). This can affect the mindset lecturers to continue to maximize learning to be more effective and efficient so that students can absorb the knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The purpose of this research is to design and develop an open course materials Innovation blended learning based education that is appropriate to the achievement of graduation Prodi PGSD on the first semester 2016/2017. This study refers to the development of which was developed by the Directorate of Education and Student Affairs consisting of (1) the analysis phase, (2) the design stage, and (3) the development stage. This research was developed and implemented for four months from June to September 2016 in Prodi PGSD FKIP University Djuanda Bogor. The results of the study material Outdoor Education Innovation begins with analyzing the needs of the development phase, design phase material content of Educational Innovation, and the stage of development which include team development process pengampu courses and a small scale trial with five PGSD semester students. The conclusion of the development of open innovation educational materials as follows; (1) Development of courses open Educational Innovation has been developed according to the concept of achievement of graduation courses, (2) Subject of Educational Innovation developed blended learning easier for students PGSD Semester 5 FKIP University DJuanda Bogor to obtain course materials offline, (3 ) students of the fifth semester PGSD give a positive response will be the development of an open matter Education Innovation.

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