scholarly journals Specific patterns of hair content of toxic metal in foreign students of the peoples’ friendship university of Russia (RUDN university)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 733-737
Author(s):  
Yury A. Rakhmanin ◽  
Anatoly A. Kirichuk ◽  
Andrey A. Skalny ◽  
Aleksey A. Tinkov ◽  
Aleksey Ya. Chizhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
First Year ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Significant Group Difference ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Tin Content

The aim of the study was to perform a comparative analysis of hair content of toxic metal in foreign students originating from different regions.Material and methods. An examination of first-year students of the RUDN University originating from Russia, Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America was performed in the study. Assessment of hair aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and tin (Sn) content was undertaken using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Results. The obtained data demonstrate that the highest levels of Al, Cd, and Pb were observed in students originating from Africa and Latin America. The most prominent mercury accumulation was detected in subjects from Latin America. In turn, hair As content in foreign students from all regions exceeded the respective Russian values by a factor of more than two. No significant group difference in hair tin content was observed. In regression models, prior habitation in Asia, Africa, and Latin America is considered as a significant predictor of elevated hair Hg content. African origin was also associated with higher Pb levels in hair. In the case of cadmium, a direct relationship between prior habitation in Latin America tended to be significant.Conclusion. The obtained data revealed increased accumulation of toxic metals, especially, Hg, Pb, and Cd in the hair of foreign first-year students originating from Africa and Latin America, that may have a significant adverse effect on health and educational performance. At the same time, further studies aimed at investigating the particular contribution of toxic metal overload to health effects in RUDN University students are required.

scholarly journals Manganese and cobalt levels in hair and urine of RUDN University first-year students

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. Kirichuk
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Study Evaluation ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mn Content

The objective of the present study was to assess hair and urinary levels of cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) in foreign students of RUDN University in comparison to the Russian counterparts. A total of 272 first-year students of the RUDN University originating from Russia, Asia, Middle East, Africa, and Latin America were enrolled in the study. Evaluation of Mn and Co levels in urine and hair was performed using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. The obtained data demonstrate that hair cobalt levels were found to be the highest in students originating from Russia and Africa. Similarly, urinary Co levels in subjects from Asia, Middle East, and Latin America were significantly lower than those in the Russian students. The patterns of manganese status were generally similar to those observed for cobalt. Particularly, the lowest hair Mn content was detected in subjects originating from Middle East. Manganese level in urine of students from Africa was significantly higher than that in subjects from Asia, Middle East, and Latin America, but not Russia. It is proposed that specific national dietary patterns as well as geochemistry of Mn and Co may underlie the observed differences.

scholarly journals DEPENDENCE OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS URINE EXCRETION FROM ALIMENTARY IN TAKE OF MACRO- AND MICRONUTRIENTS OF THE FIRST COURSE STUDENTS-FEMALES FROM RUDN UNIVERSITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
А.А. Skalny ◽  
A.V. Galchenko ◽  
M.Y. Yakovlev ◽  
A.V. Barinov ◽  
N.V. Titov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Total Fat

One of the most significant ways of removing chemical elements from the body is the urinary route. Thus, knowing the concentration of chemical elements in the urine, as well as the chemical composition of the diet, an attempt can be made to assess the dependence of the degree of excretion of macro- and micronutrients on the consumption of nutrients. The aim of the study was to identify the dependence of the excretion of chemical elements in urine on the nutritional intake of macro- and micronutrients using the example of first-year students of RUDN University. 75 first-year students of RUDN University, aged 20 to 50, took part in the study. The morning urine samples were taken from the subjects for analysis on chemical elements by the method of mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma, and their nutritional status was evaluated by frequency analysis. A positive correlation was revealed between the urinary concentration of Cr and Fe with the nutritional intake of all macronutrients, the total energy value of the diet, the consumption of cholesterol, K, Na, Mg, S, I, Se, Cu, Zn, Fe, vitamins B2, B5, B12, D. Concentration Cr in urine, in addition, was higher in women with a high consumption of Mn, and the concentration of iron was higher with a high intake of Si. Al concentrations were inversely correlated with all the same indicators, except for Mn, I, Se, Si, K, S. With an increase in total fat intake, Al concentrations in urine increased. The most universal dependences of the degree of excretion of chemical elements on nutrients were found for aluminum, chromium, and iron.

scholarly journals Difficulties faced by a foreign student during their first year of study at a Russian university in the Russian language

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Alla A. Zhukovska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Foreign Student ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
The Real ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The article deals with the issue of the language adaptation of foreign students who have left the preparatory faculty and begun their studies in Russian in the first year of the main faculty of the Russian University. The main problem is the lack of knowledge of Russian by foreign students to understand and take notes at lectures, to actively participate in seminars. The article identifies and discusses the main difficulties faced by foreigners while studying in Russia and the reasons of their appearance, analyzes the conditions of training of foreign students at the preparatory faculty and the real results of this training, the main of which is the discrepancy between what foreign students know and are capable of and what they need to know and be able to, becoming the first-year students of a Russian University. Most first-year foreign students find it difficult to study at the same level with Russian students, so they need the support and understanding of not only teachers of Russian as a foreign language, but also teachers of other subjects. It is noted that teachers who don’t specialize in teaching Russian as a foreign language can’t and don’t want to adequately assess the level of knowledge of a foreign student and help them if needed. The article proposes a possible solution to this problem.

scholarly journals Study on toxic metal levels in commercial marine organisms from Romanian market

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Sonia Amariei ◽  
Gheorghe Gutt ◽  
Mircea Oroian ◽  
Alexandra Bodnar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Commission Regulation ◽  
Excessive Consumption

Abstract The goal of this study was to analyze the content of heavy metals in fish, shellfish, molluscs cephalopods on the Romanian market. We have analyzed heavy metals traces in sixteen marine organisms species. Analyses of heavy metal traces were done with mass spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma- ICP-MS, Agilent Technologies 7500 Series. Among the elements identified it was analyzed the content of Cd, Hg, Pb, metals with high toxicity to the human body, and the obtained values were interpreted in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 concerning the maximum allowable quantity per kg wet product and Provisional Tolerated Weekly Intake (PTWI) established by the Joint Committee experts WHO / FAO. The risk assessment performed indicated that marine organisms were safe for the consumer except the four species that cadmium content may be exceeded for a regular or excessive consumption.

scholarly journals Social and psychological adaptation of foreign students in a Russian university

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
O. S. Belova ◽  
A. G. Soloviev ◽  
A. V. Parnyakov
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
First Year ◽  
International Faculty ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
Medical University

Getting medical education in Russia is becoming more and more popular among foreign students every year. The need to study foreign students’ social and psychological adaptation in medical universities is caused by the increased need to train high-qualified doctors not only in our country, but also in the world community.The goal was to identify the features of social and psychological adaptation of foreign first-year students of the medical University.Methods. The study involved 131 first-year students, including 56 Indian students studying at the international faculty of General medicine of the Northern state medical University (31 boys and 25 girls); and 75 Russian students of the pediatric and medical faculties (25 boys and 50 girls). The diagnostic approach in the interethnic and gender aspects based on the methodology of socio-psychological adaptation of K.Rogers-R. Diamond, modified by A. K. OsnitskyMain results. The parameters of social and psychological adaptation of foreign first-year students corresponded to the average normative indicators, Russian students were at high level of adaptation. Foreign students, in General, had a positive attitude to themselves and others, including opportunities to contact colleagues and patients, experience average emotional comfort in interpersonal relationships and were quite active in activities. The results of the assessment of Russian students indicated a high degree of acceptance of themselves and other people, as well as emotional comfort, responsibility and high activity.Conclusions the applied aspect of the problem can be implemented in the development of programs for psychological and pedagogical support of foreign students at the initial stage of study at the Medical University.

scholarly journals Effect of aluminum in Bacillus megaterium nickel resistance and removal capability

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Rivas-Castillo ◽  
María Elena Guatemala-Cisneros ◽  
Norma G. Rojas-Avelizapa
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Nickel Resistance ◽  
Inductively Coupled

The increasing water pollution by heavy metals is considered an alarming situation worldwide, due to the adverse impact they cause in ecosystems and human health. Although conventional techniques are available to diminish the metal concentration present in water bodies, they offer disadvantages, like inefficient metal removal, toxic sludge generation, and high operating costs. In contrast, biotechnological approaches may render a viable alternative, since they offer lower environmental impacts and operating costs, and also higher removal efficiencies when metals are present in small concentrations. It has been shown that the simultaneous presence of more than one metal can generate synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects, thus affecting their removal, and it has been previously demonstrated that B. megaterium strain MNSH1-9K-1 possesses the ability to remove metals present in liquid and solid wastes. Therefore, the goal of the present work was to study B. megaterium MNSH1-9K-1 Ni resistance and removal properties in liquid medium, and to evaluate the variation of these abilities in the presence of another toxic metal, namely Al, which is also commonly found in liquid wastes. To this end, B. megaterium was grown in LB medium with the addition of Ni and/or Al at diverse concentrations, and both metal resistance and Ni removal capabilities were assayed by viable count, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), respectively. The results obtained strongly suggest that B. megaterium MNSH1-9K-1 presents more susceptibility to Ni than to Al, and that Ni removal is enhanced by the presence of Al.

scholarly journals Hair Lead, Aluminum, and Other Toxic Metals in Normal-Weight and Obese Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8195
Author(s):  
Anatoly V. Skalny ◽  
Philippe Yu Kopylov ◽  
Monica M. B. Paoliello ◽  
Jung-Su Chang ◽  
Michael Aschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Obese Subjects

The objective of the present study was to evaluate hair toxic metal levels in patients with obesity and/or coronary heart disease (CHD). Following a 2 × 2 factorial design, subjects without CHD were grouped into normal weight control (n = 123) and obese groups (n = 140). Patients suffering from CHD were divided into normal weight (n = 180) and obese CHD subjects (n = 240). Hair Al, As, Cd, Hg, Ni, and Pb levels were evaluated using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. The data demonstrate that hair Al and Hg levels were higher in obese subjects as compared to normal weight controls. Normal weight CHD patients were characterized by significantly higher hair Al, As, Cd, and Pb levels when compared to healthy subjects. The highest hair Al, As, and Pb levels were observed in obese CHD patients, significantly exceeding the respective values in other groups. Factorial analysis revealed significant influence of factorial interaction (CHD*obesity) only for hair Pb content. Given the role of obesity as a risk factor for CHD, it is proposed that increased toxic metal accumulation in obesity may promote further development of cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Bromine, iodine and sodium in surface snow along the 2013 Talos Dome – GV7 traverse (Northern Victoria Land, East Antarctica)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niccolò Maffezzoli ◽  
Andrea Spolaor ◽  
Carlo Barbante ◽  
Michele Bertò ◽  
Massimo Frezzotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
First Year ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Polar Snow

Abstract. Halogen chemistry in the polar regions occurs through the release of sea salt rich aerosols from sea ice surfaces and organic compounds from algae colonies living within the sea ice environment. Measurements of halogen species in polar snow samples are limited to a few sites although they are shown to be closely related to sea ice extent. We examine here total bromine, iodine and sodium concentrations in a series of 2 m cores collected during a traverse from Talos Dome (72°48' S, 159°06' E) to GV7 (70°41' S, 158°51' E), analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Sector Field Mass Spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) at a resolution of 5 cm. We find a distinct seasonality of the bromine enrichment signal in all cores, with maxima during the austral late spring. Iodine showed average concentrations of 0.04 ppb with little variability. No distinct seasonality was found for iodine and sodium. The transect revealed homogeneous fluxes for the three chemical species along the transect, due to competing effects of air masses originating from the Ross Sea and the Southern Ocean. The flux measurements are consistent with the uniform values of BrO and IO detected from satellite observations. Similar trends are found for annual bromine enrichment and 130–190° E First Year Sea Ice for the 2010–2013 period.

scholarly journals Problems of determining communicative needs for the formation of the Ukrainian-speaking competence of foreign students of higher education institutions of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
First Year ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Didactic Material ◽  
And Control

The article discusses the main components of the system of communicative needs of foreign students in educational activities. One of the main tasks as the basis for setting aims and in accordance with the content of education in higher education is to identify the communicative needs of foreign students. This is necessary to study the real communicative needs of foreign students in the learning process and to create, on this basis, differentiated programs that correspond to the specifics of the region, to adaptthe existing programs according to the results of such studies of the content of textbooks and presentation forms of educational material, to consolidate and control the acquired knowledge, speech skills and abilities. A general strategy is to teach the Ukrainian language as a foreign language but this choice is complicated by the lack of a Ukrainian-speaking environment and the presence of a Russian-speaking one, an insufficient number of hours for foreign students to learn the Ukrainian language. It should be noted that the identified real communicative needs of first-year students in writing in the educational and professional field also arise in the educational process in a certain sequence, which allows you to build a hierarchical system of exercises, which provides for the phased nature of the formation of relevant skills. Communicative needs are important in the formation of the linguistic competence of foreign students; it is necessary to take into account the nature of the ordering of the language system as a whole, and functional subsystems relevant for a particular student population. The language competence of foreign students should correspond to the volume and nature of the communicative needs that arise in them within the framework of various fields of activity in Ukraine, and should be formed on the basis of the literary language, when future specialists, having mastered the core of the system, naturally proceed to study the specific features of the language subsystems. This must be taken into account for a methodologically reasonable selection of the didactic material, which is systematized on the basis of the identified communicative needs.

scholarly journals Trees as sentinels of metallic pollution induced by mining along the Odiel River (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Delapierre ◽  
J.A. Ballesteros-Canovas ◽  
J. Buzzi Marcos ◽  
V.I. Slaveykova ◽  
M. Stoffel
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Odiel River ◽  
Main River ◽  
Main River Channel ◽  
Metallic Pollution

Mining activity is often responsible for the drainage of acid or metal-enriched waters to fluvial systems. The release of metals is especially disturbing due to the toxicity and persistence of these products and their accumulation in the biosphere. Hence, a systematic detection and delimitation of highly polluted floodplains and linkages between pollution and high-flow stages would likely assist the improvement of land management and ease the design of mitigation or rehabilitation measures. Here we test how trees growing in different geomorphic positions along a fluvial system uptake metal during floods and how these uptakes can be documented “a posteriori”. To this end, we apply dendrogeochemical analyses to twenty Pinus pinaster Ait. trees growing on the banks of Odiel River (south-western Spain) as well as to five reference trees growing outside the river channel. In the field, trees were sampled with a large-diameter (1 cm) increment borer. In the lab, tree-ring series were dendrochronologically cross dated and separated into 5-yr blocks, so that wood blocks contained the dates of major floods. Then, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPM) was employed to evaluate toxic metal concentrations in trees. Results point to clear correlations between the accumulation of toxic metals and the geomorphic position of trees within the fluvial network. We show that morphological units along a river exert control on toxic metal concentrations in trees, with uptake being much higher in trees located on meander cut banks than in trees growing on point-bar structures. Besides, we detect chemical signatures in trees located farthest away from the main river channel after the largest floods, but not in the aftermath of smaller events. We conclude that tree position is the single-most important determinant for metallic pollution in an environment controlled by fluvial processes, but also find that more studies are still needed to determine linkages with individual floods and interactions of metal uptake in roots via the water table in the river corridor.

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