scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Public Distress, Economy and Education of Bago Division in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 549-588
Author(s):  
Phyoe Marnn ◽  
Hsu Htoo ◽  
Phyo Moh Moh Zin ◽  
Thu Zar Win ◽  
Nizeyimana Jean Claude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor People ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Economy And Education ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Unemployment Problem

In Myanmar, two expatriates have started infected by COVID-19 pandemic on 23 March in 2020 and COVID-19 period was divided into the two periods by the data of patients, from starting July 29, no more infected people found till August 19. Myanmar citizen think that there will be no more new COVID-19 cases, they started running their daily work, not following precaution methods. Unfortunately, the number of patients increased more and more, starting from 20th August. The period between 23rd March and 19th August was regarded as COVID-19 first wave and the period starting from 10th August was COVID-19 second wave by Government. In Myanmar, numbers of developed city are fewer than rural townships. Infrastructures of townships are same and most people, living in rural townships are not rich and they didn’t have saving money in Banks and they are depending on their monthly salaries. During pandemic period, general workers faced with unemployment problem and difficulty in daily expenses. Some volunteers helped daily expenses to poor people in COVID-19 first wave. In second COVID-19 wave, volunteers cannot help many families. This paper focused on COVID-19 pandemic impact on Public psychological consequences, Economy, Educational dimension and the prospects after pandemic.

scholarly journals Increased Prevalence of Neuropsychiatric Disorders during COVID-19 Pandemic in People Needing a Non-Deferrable Neurological Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5169
Author(s):  
Giacomo Tondo ◽  
Davide Aprile ◽  
Fabiana Tesser ◽  
Cristoforo Comi
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Neurological Evaluation ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Second Wave

Background: The novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak provoked a profound healthcare system reorganization. This study aimed to compare the reasons for requesting a non-deferrable neurological evaluation before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the lockdown. Methods: Retrospective observational study including non-deferrable neurological outpatients before the pandemic (pre-COVID-19 group, n = 223) and during the Italian second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (LOCKDOWN group, n = 318). Results: The number of patients sent for cerebrovascular disorders, headache, and vertigo significantly dropped between the pre-COVID-19 era and the lockdown period. While in the pre-COVID-19 group, the most frequent diagnosis was cerebrovascular disorder; neuropsychiatric disorders ranked first in the LOCKDOWN group. Moreover, the percentage of appropriate non-deferrable neurological evaluations significantly increased in the LOCKDOWN group compared with the pre-COVID-19 group. Discussion: Our study shows a significant increase of neuropsychiatric disorders in non-deferrable neurologic evaluations during the Italian second wave of the COVID-19. Overall, cases were more severe and required a more complex management during the lockdown compared with the pre-COVID era. These findings confirm that a careful approach to prevent the psychological consequences of the pandemic is needed, and long-term rearrangements of the healthcare system are desirable to guarantee appropriate management.

First and second wave of COVID-19: A comparative study of tertiary care hospitalized patients in Jalgaon, Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Yogita G Bavaskar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Collection Form ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Second Wave

Background: Most of the countries including India have witnessed two or more waves of Covid 19 pandemic. The present study was conducted to compare the differences in clinico-demographic characteristics and outcomes of Covid 19 patients admitted in first and second wave of Covid 19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital at Jalgaon, Maharashtra. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care Dedicated Covid hospital for Covid 19 at Jalgaon, Maharashtra. All microbiologically proven corona positive patients were included in the study. The demographic records and clinical history was extracted from the case history sheets of the patients from first as well as second wave using standardized data collection form. Clinical outcome of the patients, i.e., development of complications, death or discharge was also recorded for each enrolled subject. Results: 3845 patients of Covid-19 admitted in the hospital during the first wave of epidemic and 2956 patients during second wave of the epidemic were included in the study. The mean age of patients admitted in the second wave was significantly lower as compared to first [48.77(15.31) years vs 50.23 (14.33) years, P<0.005]. There is increase in proportion of patients in the age group of < 15 years in second wave as compared to first wave (74/2956, 2.5% vs 52/3845, 1.3%). The number of patients requiring admission in ICU at the time of admission increased by 13% in second wave as compared to first wave. [827/2956 (28%) vs 577/3845(15%), P<0.0001]. More than half of the patients who got admitted for Covid 19 in first as well as second wave were having one or more comorbidities.But the proportion of the patients with previous co-morbities was significantly higher in second wave (1684/2956, 57% vs 1960/ 3845, 51%, P= 0.0004). The mortality was also higher in second wave (533/2956, 18.03% vs 541/3845, 14%, P=0.0004). Conclusions: The demographic, clinical characteristics and outcome of Covid 19 patients was different in first and second wave of pandemic with involvement of younger patients, increased rates of admission to ICU and more mortality in the second wave as compared to first wave of the pandemic.

Medical Waste Management during COVID-19 Situation: Perspective Towards Safe Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANOJ KUMAR JINDAL ◽  
Dr. Santosh Kumar Sar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Open Dumping ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second Wave

The situation in the world of pandemics is rapidly changing, and the second wave of COVID-19 has put a lot of pressure on the government and private sector, which are primarily responsible for controlling the situation. COVID-19 positive cases have increased in recent months relative to last year, and the number of patients admitted to hospitals has also increased, despite the fact that few of them were denied admission due to shortage of beds. Normal people who experience any symptoms immediately isolate themselves and begin taking the COVID medications prescribed by medical personnel and their team. During these times, all domestic people tossed the wrappers and boxes of medicines into the regular trash can, and the waste was handed over to the waste collector, who treated it like any other domestic waste and disposed of it using open dumping or other methods. The goal of this perspective is to suggest the collections of these types of waste from domestics, and protect the natural resources like water, soil, and even living beings like animals from pollution (from the effect of SARS-CoV-2). The main challenge for environmental waste management agencies is determining who has COVID positive and which houses generate these types of waste; thus, proposed strategy may be beneficial to the long-term sustainability of natural resources and animals.

scholarly journals Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy during the COVID-19 pandemic - findings from the university teaching hospital in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Guzic Salobir ◽  
M Dolenc Novak ◽  
M Stalc
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Pharmacological Stress ◽  
Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The University ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Department for nuclear medicine in the University medical centre Ljubljana provides nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures for approximately 1.000.000 inhabitants of Slovenia. As many countries in Europe, Slovenia was faced with the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in early spring of 2020. Since our country is situated next to the northern part of Italy, where the situation was critical, our Ministry of health issued specific recommendations in March 2020. The aim was to increase hospital capacities for COVID-19 patients through limiting non-urgent diagnostic tests including myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) and to minimize the spread of the virus into hospital departments. The epidemiologic situation of the first wave resolved within 3 months. In the second wave of the pandemic in autumn 2020, the recommendations on patient care in non COVID-19 cases were less limiting to avoid worsening of non COVID-19 related diseases and patient prognosis. Purpose The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on MPS in our medical institution. Methods Data on numbers of MPS, clinical characteristics of the patients and findings of MPS were prospectively collected for the first wave (in spring from March 15th to June 15th 2020) and second wave (in autumn from September 15th to December 15th 2020) of the pandemic and were compared with the same periods in 2019.  Results During the first wave we performed 40% less MPS, significantly more patients had pharmacological stress and were outpatients than in spring 2019. There were no significant differences in other clinical characteristics and MPS findings (Table 1 and Figure 1). In autumn 2020 we reorganized our schedule to increase the number of patients, which was once again comparable to previous year’s autumn. Although the number of patients was comparable, patients were now significantly older and had more often pharmacological stress, but there were no significant differences in other clinical data or MPS findings (Table 1 and Figure 1). Conclusions In our hospital, during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, we performed significantly less MPS than in the same period of the previous year. To minimize the possibility of virus transmission from asymptomatic patients, we followed international recommendations and avoided exercise stress tests but increased the percentage of pharmacological stress tests. A similar approach regarding the type of stress tests was chosen for the second wave in autumn of 2020. However, we decided to increase the number of MPS performed, in order to lessen the negative impact of the pandemic on non COVID-19 related diseases, focusing on coronary artery disease.

COVID-19: Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saimon Shahriar ◽  
Md. Sohel Rana ◽  
Md. Sabbir Hossain ◽  
Ariful Karim ◽  
Tasneem Nayla Mredula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Second Wave

: The pandemic, well-known as COVID-19, has been brought about by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and it has distinct characteristics from other coronavirus-related epidemics. This pandemic has been ravaging the whole world for more than a year now and no drugs or vaccines have been found to eliminate this virus from the infected people effectively; only physical measures like social distancing, hand washing and face-mask wearing have been taken to reduce its spreading and very recently Veklury (remdesivir) has been permitted by the USFDA to manage the critical patients. This disease can be asymptomatic but when it is symptomatic, it presents with respiratory problems and cold- or flu-like symptoms which can be diagnosed with a chest CT and confirmed with RT-PCR tests. In this review, the taxonomy and structure of SARS-CoV-2 and history, transmission, epidemiology, pathology, clinical features and impacts of the COVID-19 have been discussed. A summary of possible drug targets, attempted physical and chemical measures, as well as vaccine candidates, have also been provided. How this coronavirus is different from other coronaviruses, the obstacles in managing this disease and the possibility of a second wave have also been reviewed. This review represents a wide range of information regarding COVID-19 and intends to be used as a comprehensive overview in this regard.

scholarly journals Why Psychosexual Disorders Equally Important in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
R. K. Solanki ◽  
Rishika Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Human Sexuality ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health Disorders

Human sexuality is a complex with multidimensional aspects such as biological, psychological, social, and cultural. Cultural factors influence their development as prevalence rates of these disorders vary in different communities. The nature of problems and their psychological consequences make it difficult to assess the exact prevalence of these dysfunctions, even more difficult in developing countries like India. In India, care for people is not proper as large number of patients suffering from psychosexual problems visit unauthorized “sex clinics” rather than an authorized hospital setting. Specialists like dermatologists are often consulted for these problems in their routine practice as common belief shared by them is that these problems are caused by dysfunctions in their sex organs. So they are hesitant to go to sexual clinics and psychiatrists for the same in the first place. The question that arises is where does sexual medicine stand, as asked by many in the past too but remains unanswered in terms of general medicine and psychiatry. Thus, the need of the hour is to identify these cases in early stages, which can prevent a lot of other disorders occurring due to them such as homicide, suicide, domestic violence, battered wife syndrome, etc. in society. The advance in psychosexual medicine is much needed. Despite the importance of these disorders and sensitivity, in India, there is scarcity of data about the burden of sexual health disorders from community-based studies, unlike Western countries.

scholarly journals First month of the epidemic caused by COVID-19 in Italy: current status and real-time outbreak development forecast

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Megna
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Logistic Distribution ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The North ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The first outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy occurred during the second half of February 2020 in some areas in the North of the country. Due to the high contagiousness of the infection, further spread by asymptomatic people, Italy has become in a few weeks the country with the greatest number of infected people in the world. The large number of severe cases among infected people in Italy led to the hospitalization of thousands of patients, with a heavy burden on the National Health Service. Methods We analyzed data provided daily by Italian Authorities for the period from 24 February 2020 to 30 March 2020. Considering such information, we developed a forecast model in real-time, based on the cumulative log-logistic distribution. Results A total of 101,739 infected individuals were confirmed until 30 March 2020, of which 14,620 recovered or discharged, and 11,591 deaths. Until the same date patients quarantined at home were 43,752, whereas hospitalized patients were 31,776, of which 3981 in intensive care. The active cases (i.e. the number of patients not yet recovered until that date) were 75,528. The forecast model estimated a number of infected persons for Italy of 234,000 about, and a duration of the epidemic of approximately 4 months. Conclusions One month after the first outbreaks there seemed to be the first signs of a decrease in the number of infections, showing that we could be now facing the descending phase of the epidemic. The forecast obtained thanks to our model could be used by decision-makers to implement coordinative and collaborative efforts in order to control the epidemic. The pandemic due to novel Coronavirus must be a warning for all countries worldwide, regarding a rapid and complete dissemination of information, surveillance, health organization, and cooperation among the states.

scholarly journals Nurse Leadership in a Small Hospital in the Less Developed Country: Is It Needs or Circumstances?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s154-s154
Author(s):  
Odeda Benin-Goren ◽  
Yossi Baratz ◽  
Fatoumata Binta Diallo
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Head Nurse ◽  
Small Hospital ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Nurse Leadership ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Less Developed Country

Introduction:Clinic Communal de Miniera is a small hospital located in the poor Dixinn district in Guinea Conakry. The hospital functions with seven general physicians, three surgeons, one gynecologist, one dentist, and fifteen nurses. The facility provides small admitting wards for medical, gynecologist (mostly maternity), and pediatric patients. The average number of patients per day is about forty, including acute and ambulatory patients. Although there is a medical director, the daily work is run by the Head Nurse (HN) who is specialized (on spot) as an Emergency Nurse. Management of all emergency patients is based on her experience, personality and the reality of the organization.Results:The circumstances emphasized the gaps between the managerial needs and existent reality, and raised the HN role to a team leader. The work will present the situation in the hospital as a case study related to “non-conventional” management due to a “deferent” situation and will highlight questions related to capabilities and risk factors.

scholarly journals SOCIETAL DETERMINANTS AS RISK FACTORS OF HIV-INFECTION SPREAD IN REGIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
S.I. Boyarkina ◽  
◽  
D.K. Khotimchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Structure Of Population ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Infection Spread

The paper dwells on the results obtained via examining dependence between HIV-infection spread and factors related to social environmental and social structure of population in RF regions. These factors are considered to be potential health risk ones. The authors tested a hypothesis about influence exerted by demographic, economic, cultural and behavioral de- terminants and public healthcare availability on differences in territorial spread of the disease within social-epidemiologic approach. To solve the set task, data that characterized 85 RF regions were taken from official statistical reports. Descriptive statistic analysis was performed and regression models were built up; it allowed testing whether the analyzed factors had their influence in RF regions and selecting the most significant ones to be included into the overall regression model. The research revealed significant contextual differences in HIV-infection spread. Regression analysis showed that 22.0 % differences in a number of HIV-infected people detected in RF regions occurred due to differences in urban popu- lation numbers, provision with ambulatories and polyclinics, and unemployment rate. Moreover, a number of registered crimes committed by minors determined 32.5 % difference in a number of patients with the first diagnosed HIV-infection between the examined regions. These results allow assuming that the greatest influence on spread of the disease in RF regions is exerted by conse- quences of urbanization; this process is usually accompanied with a growth in a share of urban population in a given region, instability on the labor market there as well as related migration processes within the country and wider opportunities to pursue individual behavioral strategies including those that involve law violations and/or are destructive for people’s health.

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