scholarly journals Obtaining and application of composite materials based on polymer-polymer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4/S) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Kamaridin Komilov ◽  
Aypara Kurbanova ◽  
Gafurjan Mukhamedov ◽  
Jumaqul Allayev
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Technological Quality

The possibility of using bulk waste of the chemical industry - phosphogypsum as a useful resource is considered. The results of scientific research and practical experience convincingly proved the technical feasibility and feasibility of using phosphogypsum in the national economy instead of traditional types of natural raw materials. A brief description of phosphogypsum, promising areas for its processing, and some statistics are presented. The article is about the use of chemical ameliorant based on phosphogypsum for effective feeding in various soil and climatic zones for cereals, vegetables, industrial and other crops, to increase the yield of cotton and the technological quality of its fiber. That the use of phosphogypsum as a chemical ameliorant improves the chemical, physical and water-physical properties of saline soils.

scholarly journals New Technology of Cotton Sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Kamaridin Urinovich Komilov, Aypara Djoldasova Kurbanova, Gafurjan Israilovich Muhamedov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Crust Formation ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
The Republic

The possibility of using bulk waste of the chemical industry - phosphogypsum as a useful resource is considered. The results of scientific research and practical experience convincingly proved the technical feasibility and feasibility of using phosphogypsum in the national economy instead of traditional types of natural raw materials. A brief description of phosphogypsum, promising areas for its processing, and some statistics are presented. The article is about the use of chemical ameliorant based on phosphogypsum for effective feedingin various soil and climatic zones for cereals, vegetables, industrial and other crops, to increase the yield of cotton and the technological quality of its fiber. That the use of phosphogypsum as a chemical ameliorant improves the chemical, physical and water-physical properties of saline soils. The article describes a new technology of cotton sowing in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The technology of soil treatment and methods of measuring for preventing crust formation are analyzed. The used mechanisms, units and are justified.

scholarly journals MODIFICATION OF THE METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE WETTABILITY OF CELLULOSE FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS FOR POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Д.В. Чащилов ◽  
А.А. Генина
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Polymer Composite Materials ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Cellulose Materials

Для полимерных композиционных материалов (ПКМ) с армирующим наполнителем из натуральных волокон одними из проблем являются оценка качества подготовки волокон и определение динамики взаимодействия волокон и полимерной матрицы. Актуальность проблем обусловлена расширяющимся объёмом исследований ПКМ с растительными волокнами и разнообразными видами и глубиной предварительной обработки растительных волокон. Предметом исследования выступил стандартный метод определения смачиваемости целлюлозных материалов. Цель экспериментального исследования – предложить модифицированный метод определения смачиваемости, потенциально пригодный для оценки качества подготовки армирующих наполнителей ПКМ из растительных волокон. Использован стандартный по ГОСТ и модифицированный метод определения смачиваемости. В качестве пробного материала использовали целлюлозу древесную, полубелёную сульфитную из хвойной древесины в форме целлюлозной папки. Образцы целлюлозы механически разрыхляли до элементарных волокон и испытывали на смачиваемость. Использовали три схемы испытаний – взвешивание стаканчика с навеской, погруженного в воду (схема 1), взвешивание сосуда с водой (схема 2), стандартную методику по ГОСТ (схема 3). По схемам 1 и 2 измерения проводили в течение до 120 секунд, по схеме 3 – 30 секунд. Эксперименты проводили в трёхкратной повторности. Сущность модифицированного метода определения смачиваемости основана на постоянном контроле массы навески по мере сорбции водной влаги. Полученные закономерности кинетики процесса показали, что количество водной влаги, впитываемой образцами, нелинейно меняется во времени. Величины смачиваемости, определённых по различным схемам, с учётом отклонений, соответствуют друг другу. Определение смачиваемости по модифицированному методу предложено проводить в течение 120 секунд, периодически контролируя показания весов. Предложенный модифицированный метод может быть использован в исследовательских целях для изучения динамики впитывания воды и сравнения поведения различных целлюлозных материалов для ПКМ с матрице на основе гидрофильных полимеров. For polymer composite materials (PCM) with a reinforcing filler made of natural fibers, one of the problems is to assess the quality of fiber preparation and determine the dynamics of the interaction of fibers and a poly-dimensional matrix. The urgency of the problems is due to the expanding volume of research on PCM with plant fibers and various types and depth of pretreatment of plant fibers. The subject of the study was a standard method for determining the wettability of cellulose materials. The purpose of the experimental study is to propose a modified method for determining wettability, potentially suitable for assessing the quality of preparation of reinforcing fillers of PCM from plant fibers. The standard GOST and modified method for determining wettability were used. As a test material, wood cellulose, semi-green sulfite from coniferous wood in the form of a cellulose folder was used. Cellulose samples were mechanically loosened to elementary fibers and tested for wettability. Three test schemes were used – weighing a cup with a suspension immersed in water (scheme 1), weighing a vessel with water (scheme 2), standard procedure according to GOST (scheme 3). According to schemes 1 and 2, measurements were carried out for up to 120 seconds, according to scheme 3 – 30 seconds. The experiments were carried out in threefold repetition. The essence of the modified method for determining the permeability is based on the constant control of the weight of the suspension as the sorption of water moisture. The obtained laws of the kinetics of the process showed that the amount of water moisture absorbed by the samples varies non-linearly over time. The wettability values determined according to various schemes, taking into account deviations, correspond to each other. The determination of wettability by the modified method is proposed to be carried out within 120 seconds, periodically monitoring the readings of the scales. The proposed modified method can be used for research purposes to study the dynamics of water absorption and compare the behavior of various cellulose materials for PCM with a matrix based on hydrophilic polymers.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF DISINFECTANT’S EFFECTIVENESS AS TO CONTAMINATING MICROFLORA IN SUGAR PRODUCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Nataliia Husiatynska ◽  
Tetiana Nechypor
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
High Effectiveness ◽  
Beet Sugar ◽  
Technological Quality

The article presents the results of the studies of the effectiveness of disinfection means, based on chlorinated guanidines, tetradic ammonium salts, dichlorisocyanuric acid, peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide as to the contaminating microflora of sugar beets. There was investigated the influence of disinfectants on bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Leuconostoс mesenteroides, mycelia fungi Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and yeast Sacharomyses сerevisiae. It was experimentally established, that the studied means has the high effectiveness as to most microorganisms that cause saccharose losses in the process of its extracting from beet chip and result in worsening a technological quality of semi-products of beet-sugar. There was established the high effectiveness of modern disinfection means as to inhibiting slime-forming bacteria of Leuconostoc generis. There was proved a possibility of their use at different technological stages of beet-sugar production for preventing the development of mucous bacteriosis. It was determined that means consumption depends on a type and extent of microbiological contamination of raw materials, semi-products, technological waters at sugar production. There were established concentrations of the studied means as to inhibiting the development of main contaminants of the microflora of raw materials and semi-products in sugar production. There is offered to use the studied means in industrial beet-sugar production that would favor the decrease of microbial contamination of semi-products and the increase of a sugar output from a raw material unit.

scholarly journals Characterization of promising hybrid tobacco combinations

2021 ◽  
pp. 344-348
Author(s):  
Л.Н. Каргина ◽  
В.В. Илюхина
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
State Register ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

Для рентабельности отрасли табаководства необходимо наличие сортимента сортов табака. Почвенно-климатические зоны Крыма пригодны для возделывания как ценного ароматичного, так и скелетного табачного сырья. Целью данной работы являлось изучение созданных гибридных комбинаций табака старших поколений для выявления перспективы их дальнейшего использования. Селекционерами Института «Магарач» создан ряд перспективных сортов и гибридных комбинаций старших поколений - предшественников сортов табака. В данной работе приведены результаты оценки шести гибридных комбинаций старших поколений, а также перспективного сорта Дюбек Предгорный по основным хозяйственно-ценным признакам. Стандартом служили сорта Американ 14, Американ 307 и Дюбек новый. Работа велась на опытном участке, расположенном в Предгорной зоне Крыма, в течение трех лет. В процессе работы проводились фенологические наблюдения, оценка сортов по показателям продуктивности растений, качеству сухого сырья и другим характеристикам. По результатам исследований наиболее перспективной по урожайности и качеству продукции оказалась гибридная комбинация старшего поколения Ароматный × Американ 572, которая может быть рекомендована как новый сорт табака для введения его в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений, допущенных к использованию. Перспективный сорт Дюбек Предгорный подтвердил хорошие показатели качественных и количественных характеристик для сортотипа Дюбек и рекомендуется для возделывания в фермерских хозяйствах Крыма. Проведенные исследования позволяют увеличить сортовой сортимент крымских сортов табака. For profitability of tobacco industry, there must be an assortment of tobacco varieties. The soil and climatic zones of Crimea are suitable for cultivation of both premium aromatic and skeletal tobacco raw materials. The purpose of this work was to study the selected hybrid combinations of older generations of tobacco to identify prospects for their further use. The Institute Magarach breeders have created a number of promising varieties and hybrid combinations of older generations - the predecessor tobacco varieties. This work presents the results of evaluating six hybrid combinations of older generations, as well as the promising variety ‘Djubeck Predgornyi’ by basic economically valuable traits. The varieties ‘American 14’, ‘American 307’ and ‘Djubeck Novyi’ served as the standard. The work was carried out in the experimental plot located in the Piedmont zone of Crimea for three years. During the working process, phenological observations and the assessment of varieties in terms of plant productivity, quality of dry raw materials and other characteristics were carried out. According to the research results, the most promising in terms of cropping capacity and product quality was the hybrid combination of older generation ‘Aromatnyi’ × ‘American 572’, which can be recommended as a new tobacco variety for its introduction into the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use. The promising variety ‘Djubek Predgornyi’ has confirmed good parameters of qualitative and quantitative characteristics for ‘Djubek’ variety, and is recommended for cultivation in Crimean farming. The carried out researches allow increasing the varietal assortment of Crimean tobacco varieties.

scholarly journals STUDY OF ARTIFICIAL CERAMIC BINDERS BASED ON SILICATE MATERIALS FOR CERAMICS INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
V. Doroganov ◽  
E. Neverova ◽  
S. Stankovich
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Ceramics Industry

this article discusses the possibility of using artificial ceramic binders obtained by the technology of highly concentrated binder suspensions in the production of ceramic materials and products. The results of complex studies of suspensions of artificial ceramic binders based on feldspar and quartz sand, as well as the results of tests of the samples obtained on their basis are presented. A definite advantage of entering the suspensions in the molding compositions of the slurries used in the manufacture of certain varieties of pottery is proved. The solution of the problem of import substitution of raw materials components, caused mainly by the difficult political situation in the country, as well as the lack of its own raw material base of good quality, in connection with which the paper proposes the use of technology of highly concentrated binder suspensions, which allows to optimize the quality of domestic raw materials. The use of technology of highly concentrated binder suspensions, allows not only to expand the assortment and range of products produced by this technology, but also to improve the quality and economic feasibility of individual varieties of ceramics. The emphasis on the introduction of technology of highly concentrated binding suspensions in certain areas of ceramics production is explained by the formation of a completely different structure of materials due to the increased content of nanoparticles in the composition of artificial ceramic binding suspensions, which contributes to a significant increase in mechanical strength while optimizing other basic technological quality indicators for ceramic materials and products. The possibility of reducing the firing temperature by 50-100°C, however, this issue requires additional research.

scholarly journals CRITERIA FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION BIOGAS PLANT IN INDIVIDUAL FARMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (158) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Tkachenko ◽  
Sergey Ugolnikov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Modes Of Operation

Biogas – one of the promising areas of generation and use of renewable energy resources. In manycountries, farmers are considered as promising sites for the production and use of biogas. Due to the largevariations in the quantity and quality of raw materials, modalities and goals of the design of biogas plantsare not formalized and is based on practical experience of the developers. It is shown that the criticalparameters in the design of biogas digesters are a source of raw materials, the amount of energy consumedby household and accommodation. Considered criteria (power, size, equipment, modes of operation, safety,etc.), which have a decisive influence on the structure and functional composition of BSU for farms. Variantsof technological schemes of individual bioreactors, as well as the characteristics of farms that should beconsidered when designing the BSU. Rationally designed BSU improves energy efficiency andenvironmentally friendly agricultural production.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES FOR OBTAINING COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON THE USE OF OILSEED FLAX FIBERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
Olga Gorach ◽  
Olena Dombrovska ◽  
Anastasiia Tikhosova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Flax Fibers ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Flax Straw

The article examines the ways to solve the problem of developing a scientific basis for obtaining composite materials of different functional purposes from oilseed flax fibers. The paper covers theoretical and experimental research in the area of processing flax raw materials. The purpose of the study is to provide scientific substantiation of developing the technologies for obtaining fillers to reinforce composite materials. In order to do it, we performed modification of oilseed flax fiber and developed technologies for processing oilseed flax straw with regulated technological and performance characteristics. The article also presents the results of the research on determining causes of low wettability of oilseed flax bast. In order to find out the causes of low bast wettability, we conducted research on examining chemical composition and anatomy of straw stems. The formulation for preparing the fiber aimed to be used as a filler for reinforcement of composite materials is offered. The study suggests evaluation of the quality of composite materials produced on the basis of using modified oilseed flax fibers.

DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL FOR CALCULATING THE OPTIMAL QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF GRAIN OF THE BASIC CEREAL CROPS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT REGIONAL CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.А. ЯНОВА ◽  
Ю.Ф. РОСЛЯКОВ
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
New Production ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Production Capacities ◽  
Method Of Paired Comparisons

Разработана многомерная статистическая модель расчета оптимальных количественно-качественных показателей зерна основных злаковых культур, выращиваемых в природно-климатических зонах Красноярского края, с целью обоснования рационального размещения новых производственных предприятий зерноперерабатывающей отрасли. В основу рассчитанной многомерной статистической модели положено ранжирование степени соответствия количества и качества зерна, производительность и коэффициент использования производственных мощностей зерноперерабатывающих предприятий с применением метода парных сравнений. Разработан механизм комплексной оценки количественно-качественных показателей зернового сырья для пищевых производств. Предложенный метод математической обработки данных доказывает целесообразность группировки специализаций основных заводов по зонам в соответствии с количественно-качественными показателями зерна. The multidimensional statistical model of calculation of optimum quantitative and qualitative indicators of grain of the main cereal crops grown in climatic zones of Krasnoyarsk region for the purpose of justification of rational placement of the new production enterprises of grain processing branch is developed. The ranking of the degree of correspondence between the quantity and quality of grain, productivity and utilization of production capacities of grain processing enterprises using the method of paired comparisons is the basis of the calculated multidimensional statistical model. The mechanism of complex assessment of quantitative and qualitative indicators of grain raw materials for food production is developed. The proposed method ofmathematical processing of the data proves the feasibility of grouping of specializations to major factories in the zones in accordance with the quantitative and qualitative indices of the grain.

Manajemen Ekonomi Outopilot: Kegagalan Negara Mencari Identitas?

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mukhaer Pakkanna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Democracy ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
Quality Of Democracy ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Production And Distribution

Political democracy should be equivalent to the economic development of the quality of democracy, economic democracy if not upright, even the owner of the ruling power and money, which is parallel to force global corporatocracy. Consequently, the economic oligarchy preservation reinforces control of production and distribution from upstream to downstream and power monopoly of the market. The implication, increasingly sharp economic disparities, exclusive owner of the money and power become fertile, and the end could jeopardize the harmony of the national economy. The loss of national economic identity that makes people feel lost the “pilot of the state”. What happens then is the autopilot state. Viewing unclear direction of the economy, the national economy should clarify the true figure.

Concept Of Increasing The Level Of Projects Of Work Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Production Plan ◽  
The Real ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
General Contractor ◽  
Work Production ◽  
Construction Organization ◽  
Production Plans

The author analyzes the reasons that objectively reduce the importance and quality of the organizational and technological solutions of work production plans and the content of their main documents. Based on a generalization of practical experience, one of the real ways of increasing the level of work production plans is proposed as a result of the development of "The Unified Rules for Work Production on the Site" as part of the construction organization project, in the form of fundamental requirements, followed by the inclusion of this document in the work production plan as an input document. The structure and content of the Unified Rules are described with the disclosure of the main documents - calendar plans of work, construction master plans, technological schemes of works. The first section of the document contains requirements for the content of tasks for the development of the project of work execution, the order of its approval, and requirements for the quality of solutions. The second section presents principal solutions, methods of work execution and their technological schemes. The organizational and technological solutions adopted in the proposed document are specified and detailed by the General Contractor Construction Organization with due regard for the resource capabilities and the actual conditions of construction or reconstruction.

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