scholarly journals Cholinesterase from the Liver of Diodon hystrix for Detection of Metal Ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen Nordin ◽  
Ronaldo Ron Cletus ◽  
Mohd Khalizan Sabullah ◽  
Siti Aishah Muhammad Khalidi ◽  
Rahmath Abdulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Effective Coefficient ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Acetylthiocholine Iodide ◽  
Foreign Materials ◽  
Living Organisms

The discharge of industrial effluents into nearby water bodies affects the inhabitants including living organisms. The presence of foreign materials such as heavy metals can be a threat to the ecosystem as they are enormously carcinogenic even though in minute concentration. Hence, an economical and time-efficient preliminary screening test is crucial to be developed for the detection of heavy metals, prior to employment of high technology instruments. In this study, cholinesterase (ChE) from Sabah porcupine fish, Diodon hystrix was purified to test for its potential as an alternative biosensor in detecting metal ions. Few enzymatic parameters including specificity of substrate, temperature and pH were applied to determine its optimal enzymatic activity. ChE enzyme was found to be more sensitive towards the presence of substrate, butyrylthiocholine iodide (BTC), in contrast to acetylthiocholine iodide (ATC) and propionylthiocholine iodide (PTC) with the effective coefficient at 7193, 3680.15 and 2965.26 Vmax/Km, respectively. Moreover, the extracted ChE enzyme showed the optimum activity at pH 9 of 0.1 M Tris-HCl and at 25°C to 30°C range of temperature. When subjected to heavy metals, ChE enzyme was significantly inhibited as the enzyme activity was reduced in the sequence of Hg > Ag > Cr > Cu > Cd > Pb ≥ Zn > As. As a conclusion, the partially purified ChE enzyme proved its sensitivity towards metal ion exposure and can be used as an alternative method in screening the level of contamination in the environment.

scholarly journals Batch Sorption Experiments: Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherm Studies for the Adsorption of Textile Metal Ions onto Teff Straw (Eragrostis tef) Agricultural Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulu Berhe Desta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Textile Effluents

Adsorption of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cu) onto Activated Teff Straw (ATS) has been studied using batch-adsorption techniques. This study was carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the low-cost adsorbent ATS for the removal of heavy metals from textile effluents. The influence of contact time, pH, Temperature, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption process was also studied. Results revealed that adsorption rate initially increased rapidly, and the optimal removal efficiency was reached within about 1 hour. Further increase in contact time did not show significant change in equilibrium concentration; that is, the adsorption phase reached equilibrium. The adsorption isotherms could be fitted well by the Langmuir model. The value in the present investigation was less than one, indicating that the adsorption of the metal ion onto ATS is favorable. After treatment with ATS the levels of heavy metals were observed to decrease by 88% (Ni), 82.9% (Cd), 81.5% (Cu), 74.5% (Cr), and 68.9% (Pb). Results indicate that the freely abundant, locally available, low-cost adsorbent, Teff straw can be treated as economically viable for the removal of metal ions from textile effluents.

Studies on the biofilm produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown in different metal fatty acid salt media and its application in biodegradation of fatty acids and bioremediation of heavy metal ions

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Abinaya Sindu ◽  
Pennathur Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Fatty Acid Salt ◽  
Planktonic Form

Metal fatty acid salts (MFAS) in untreated industrial effluents cause environmental pollution. The use of biocompatible agents for remediation may help in reducing the harm caused to the ambient aquatic organism. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous organism that thrives under harsh conditions and is resistant to toxic metal ions. The present study shows a proof-of-concept of using this organism in the biodegradation of MFAS. MFAS were prepared and we studied their effect on the growth of the planktonic form and the formation of biofilm by P. aeruginosa. We observed biofilm formation in the presence of all the MFAS when used as the sole carbon source, albeit the quantity of biofilm formed in the presence of cadmium and copper was less. There was no effect on the planktonic form of the organism but the formation of biofilm increased in the presence of magnesium palmitate. This study shows that metal ions play a pivotal role in the formation of biofilm. HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) analysis of the biofilm polysaccharide showed that hexose sugar was a major component when compared with pentose sugar. The structure of biofilm polysaccharide and the coordination of the metal ion with the biofilm polysaccharide were confirmed by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and Raman spectroscopy.

Structural elucidation of a dual-activity PAP phosphatase-1 fromEntamoeba histolyticacapable of hydrolysing both 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphate and inositol 1,4-bisphosphate

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 2019-2031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaja Faisal Tarique ◽  
Syed Arif Abdul Rehman ◽  
S. Gourinath
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Inositol Polyphosphate ◽  
Inositol Monophosphatase ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Catalytic Loop ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Toxic Byproduct

The enzyme 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphatase-1 (PAP phosphatase-1) is a member of the Li+-sensitive Mg2+-dependent phosphatase superfamily, or inositol monophosphatase (IMPase) superfamily, and is an important regulator of the sulfate-activation pathway in all living organisms. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to accumulation of the toxic byproduct 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphate (PAP), which could be lethal to the organism. Genomic analysis ofEntamoeba histolyticasuggests the presence of two isoforms of PAP phosphatase. The PAP phosphatase-1 isoform of this organism is shown to be active over wide ranges of pH and temperature. Interestingly, this enzyme is inhibited by submillimolar concentrations of Li+, while being insensitive to Na+. Interestingly, the enzyme showed activity towards both PAP and inositol 1,4-bisphosphate and behaved as an inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase. Crystal structures of this enzyme in its native form and in complex with adenosine 5′-monophosphate have been determined to 2.1 and 2.6 Å resolution, respectively. The PAP phosphatase-1 structure is divided into two domains, namely α+β and α/β, and the substrate and metal ions bind between them. This is a first structure of any PAP phosphatase to be determined from a human parasitic protozoan. This enzyme appears to function using a mechanism involving three-metal-ion assisted catalysis. Comparison with other structures indicates that the sensitivity to alkali-metal ions may depend on the orientation of a specific catalytic loop.

scholarly journals Plant-Based Tacca leontopetaloides Biopolymer Flocculant (TBPF) Produced High Removal of Heavy Metal Ions at Low Dosage

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar ◽  
Juferi Idris ◽  
Mohibah Musa ◽  
Yoshito Andou ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

High removal of heavy metals using plant-based bioflocculant under low concentration is required due to its low cost, abundant source, and nontoxicity for improved wastewater management and utilization in the water industry. This paper presents a treatment of synthetic wastewater using plant-based Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) without modification on its structural polymer chains. It produced a high removal of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd) at a low concentration of TBPF dosage. In our previous report, TBPF was characterized and successfully reduced the turbidity, total suspended solids, and color for leachate treatment; however, its effectiveness for heavy metal removal has not been reported. The removal of these heavy metals was performed using a standard jar test procedure at different pH values of synthetic wastewater and TBPF dosages. The effects of hydroxide ion, pH, initial TBPF concentration, initial metal ion concentration, and TBPF dosage were examined using one factorial at the time (OFAT). The results show that the highest removal for Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd metal ions were 98.4–98.5%, 79–80%, 97–98%, and 92–93%, respectively, using 120 mg/L dosage from the initial concentration of 10% TBPF at pH 10. The final concentrations for Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd metal ions were 0.043–0.044, 0.41–0.43, 0.037–0.054, and 0.11–0.13 mg/L, respectively, which are below the Standard B discharge limit set by the Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia. The results show that TBPF has a high potential for the removal of heavy metals, particularly Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd, in real wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals pH-Regulated Carbon Dots Fluorescence Sensor Array Detection of Multiple Heavy Metal Ions Under Stepwise Prediction

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijun Xu ◽  
Yuying Liu ◽  
Jiao Chen ◽  
Xiyuan Wang ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Fluorescence Sensor ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

Abstract As a large amount of heavy metals leaches into water sources from industrial effluents, heavy metal pollution has become an important factor affecting water quality. To enable the detection of multiple heavy metals, we constructed a pH-regulation fluorescence sensor array. Firstly, by adding a metal chelating agent as receptor, metal ions and carbon quantum dots (CDs) were connected to distinguish between Cr6+, Fe3+, Fe2+, and Hg2+ ions. Thus, the lack of affinity between the indicator functional groups and the analyte was solved. Secondly, by adjusting the pH environment of the solution system, an economical and simple array sensing platform is established, which effectively simplified the array construction. In this study, the SX-model was used in the field of fluorescence sensor array detection for metal ion recognition. Based on the strategy of stepwise prediction, combined with the classification and concentration models, the bottleneck of the unified model in previous studies was broken. This sensor array demonstrated sensitive detection of four heavy metal ions within a concentration range from 1 to 50 µM, with an accuracy of 95.45%. Moreover, it displayed the ability to efficiently identify binary mixed samples with an accuracy of 95.45%. Furthermore, metal ions in 15 real samples (lake water) were effectively discriminated with 100% accuracy. A chelating agent was used to improve the sensitivity of heavy metal ion detection and eventually led to high-precision prediction using the SX-model.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cr(VI) Ions using Activated Carbon Produced from Indian Water Chestnut (Trapa natans) Peel Powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 876-880
Author(s):  
Maninder Singh ◽  
D. P. Tiwari ◽  
Mamta Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Indian Water ◽  
Trapa Natans

The indiscriminate discharge of heavy metals into water and soil from anthropogenic practices is becoming prominent threat to the environment. Heavy metals like chromium, cadmium, lead, arsenic, nickel etc. are heavily toxic and carcinogenic in nature. This study emphasizes the adequacy of activated water chest nut (Trapa natans) peel powder as a new adsorbent material for removal of chromium(VI) metal ions. Adsorption experiments were performed in batch process. Various process parameters like contact time, temperature, solution pH, dose of adsorbent, metal ion concentration etc. were optimized. The physico-chemical properties of adsorbent material were characterized by FTIR and XRD. The morphology, topology of adsorbent surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) which revealed a highly porous structure and available specific surface area. The adsorption capacity (maximum) was counted as 59.17 mg/g and specific surface area was found 23.467 m2/g at a pH 7. The adsorption process for Cr(VI) ions was in a good agreement with Langmuir isotherm. The process also followed pseudo second order kinetics. The obtained result shows that activated water chest nut (Trapa natans) peel powder (AWCPP) can be a hopeful low-cost and eco-friendly bio-adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) metal ions and also better adsorbent than other various reported adsorbents.

Effective Removal of Heavy Metals From Aqueous Solution by Nano-Composites

2018 ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Rathoure ◽  
J. Anuradha ◽  
R. Sanjeevi ◽  
Dushyant Singh Chauhan ◽  
Sandeep Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Living Organisms

Heavy metal contamination in industrial effluents presents a serious threat to the environment and human health because of their toxicity, non-biodegradability, carcinogenicity, and bioaccumulation in living organisms. Recently, the preparation and application of iron oxides, especially magnetite nanoparticles, for metals removal have been investigated due to their nano size, magnetic separation, and the ease of synthesis, coating, and modification. However, magnetic nanoparticles lose some magnetization due to air oxidation. Magnetite nanoparticles coating with inorganic shell, like silica and carbon, have been reported and were capable of improving chemical stability. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial concentrations on the removal of heavy metals should be studied using nano-composites in water. In this chapter, the authors present a technical review on different nano-composites used for bioremediation and their limitations.

FTIR study and bioadsorption kinetics of bioadsorbent for the analysis of metal pollutants

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (102) ◽  
pp. 58156-58163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Norulaini Nik Abd. Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat ◽  
Chew Ann Won ◽  
Fatehah Mohd Omar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Ftir Study ◽  
Kinetics Of

Elevated concentrations of heavy metals in groundwater cause many environmental problems. This paper reports adsorption behavior of a green bioadsorbent (Trichoderma sp.) for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial effluents.

scholarly journals Pelletized ponderosa pine bark for adsorption of toxic heavy metals from water

BioResources ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-81
Author(s):  
Miyoung Oh ◽  
Mandla A. Tshabalala
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Affinity ◽  
Column Adsorption

ark flour from ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) was consolidated into pellets using citric acid as cross-linking agent. The pellets were evaluated for removal of toxic heavy metals from synthetic aqueous solutions. When soaked in water, pellets did not leach tannins, and they showed high adsorption capacity for Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) under both equilibrium and dynamic adsorption conditions. The experimental data for Cd(II) and Zn(II) showed a better fit to the Langmuir than to the Freundlich isotherm. The Cu(II) data best fit the Freundlich isotherm, and the Ni(II) data fitted both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms equally. According to the Freundlich constant KF, adsorption capacity of pelletized bark for the metal ions in aqueous solution, pH 5.1 ± 0.2, followed the order Cd(II) > Cu(II) > Zn(II) >> Ni(II); according to the Langmuir constant b, adsorption affinity followed the order Cd(II) >> Cu(II) ≈ Zn(II) >> Ni(II). Although data from dynamic column adsorption experiments did not show a good fit to the Thomas kinetic adsorption model, estimates of sorption affinity series of the metal ions on pelletized bark derived from this model were not consistent with the series derived from the Langmuir or Freundlich isotherms and followed the order Cu(II) > Zn(II) ≈ Cd(II) > Ni(II). According to the Thomas kinetic model, the theoretical maximum amounts of metal that can be sorbed on the pelletized bark in a column at influent concentration of ≈10 mg/L and flow rate = 5 mL/min were estimated to be 57, 53, 50, and 27 mg/g for copper, zinc, cadmium, and nickel, respectively. This study demonstrated the potential for converting low-cost bark residues to value-added sorbents using starting materials and chemicals derived from renewable resources. These sorbents can be applied in the removal of toxic heavy metals from waste streams with heavy metal ion concentrations of up to 100 mg/L in the case of Cu(II).

scholarly journals Polyaza macroligands as potential agents for heavy metal removal from wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martínez Elizondo ◽  
Martínez Nájera ◽  
Rodríguez Pérez ◽  
Hinojosa Reyes ◽  
Del Río
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Metal Ion Extraction ◽  
Residual Concentration

Two polyaza macroligands N,N?-bis(2-aminobenzyl)-1,2- ethanediamine (L1) and 3,6,9,12-tetraaza-4(1,2),11(1,2)-dibenzo-1(1,3)- piridinaciclotridecafano (L2) were characterized and investigated for their metal ion extraction capabilities. The nature of all complexes was established by spectroscopic techniques. The equilibrium constants were determined by spectrophotometric and potentiometric techniques and the residual concentration of metals in the solutions by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The capacity of the ligands to remove heavy metals such as Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) as insoluble complexes was evaluated in wastewater from industrial effluents. These agents showed high affinity for the studied metals. The values of equilibrium constants of the isolated complexes (between 1 x 104 and 2 x 107) demonstrated the feasibility of applying these chelating agents as an alternative to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents.

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