scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND PATTERN OF ADOLESCENT MALNUTRITION IN A COMMUNITY IN SOKOTO, NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 527-531
Author(s):  
Yusuf T ◽  
Jibrin B ◽  
Mohammed AH ◽  
Adamu A.
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
P Value ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
And Gender

Background: Adolescence is accompanied by increase in nutritional requirements due to the rapid growth and development associated with it. Adolescent nutritional status extends to adulthood and a predisposing factor to childhood malnutrition and non-communicable diseases in adulthood. Objective: To determine the prevalence and pattern of malnutrition among adolescent in a semi-urban community in Sokoto. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study carried out between January and June, 2018 at Gwuiwa community, Wamakko LGA, Sokoto State. The demographics, weight, height and BMI were documented. Nutritional status was determined using the WHO BMI tables for appropriate age and gender. The socio-economic class of the participants was determined the Ogunlesi's classification. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Respondents' mean age was 12.6 (±2.3) about two-thirds of the respondents were aged 10-13 years. There were 84 (42.4%) males with M:F ratio of 1:1.4. One hundred and eight (54.6%), 63(31.8%) and 27(13.6%) were from lower, middle and upper socio-economic classes respectively. About a third (30.3%) of the respondents were stunted, 33 (16.7%) wasted and 3(1.5%) were overweight. Age (p=0.008) and socio-economic status (p= 0.04) were the correlates of adolescent malnutrition. Conclusion: Undernutrition is commoner among adolescents; with emerging overnutrition in the study area. There is need for concerted efforts on prevention at all levels to reduce its impact on non-communicable diseases and the nutritional status of future generations of our community.

scholarly journals The Burden of Overweight and its Risk Factors in Urban Nepalese School Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Chaulagain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Family Type ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

Introduction: Adolescent’s overweight is rising in both developing and developed countries. Overweight and obese adolescents are more likely to become obese adults which stimulate the risk of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and so on. Adolescence is the critical period for development of unhealthy lifestyles and food choices which increases the risk of NCDs. The loss of productivity, premature deaths and disability has been associated with NCDs at younger ages. This study focuses on identifying the prevalence and associated risk factors with adolescents’ overweight. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted between August-October 2020 in Gokarneshwor municipality of Nepal. A random sample of 558 students aged 10-19 years from nine schools was included in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was filled out by the study participants. Anthropometric indices were measured and categorized using BMI for age Z-score. Descriptive statistics were carried out. Variables were considered for multivariable logistic regression if a Wald test p-value was ≤0.25 during bivariate logistic regression. The odds ratio with a 95% CI was calculated and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to declare the statistical significance of variables after fitting into the multivariable logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of overweight among school adolescents was 17.9% (95% CI 14.7 to 21.1). The female adolescents were more likely to get overweight as compared to male adolescents (AOR 1.53, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.39). Similarly, the adolescents staying with more than four family members were less likely to get overweight as compared to their counterparts (AOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.95). There was no statistical significant association between adolescent overweight and age group, family type, school type, mothers’ occupation or fruits consumption. Conclusion: The study findings highlighted the accelerated increase in the prevalence of overweight among school adolescents in Nepal. Therefore, appropriate nutritional intervention focusing on tackling overweight should be formulated and implemented so that the prevalence of overweight-associated non-communicable diseases can be minimized.

scholarly journals The burden of overweight and its risk factors in urban Nepalese school adolescents: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Chaulagain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Family Type ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

Abstract Introduction Adolescents overweight are rising in both developing and developed countries. Overweight and obese adolescents are more likely to become obese adults which stimulate the risk of Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and so on. Adolescence is the critical period for development of unhealthy life styles and food choices which increases the risk of NCDs. The loss of productivity, premature deaths and disability has been associated with NCDs at younger ages. This study focuses on identifying the prevalence and associated risk factors with adolescents overweight. Methods A school based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gokarneshwor municipality of Nepal. A random sample of 558 students aged 10-19 years from nine schools was included in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was filled out by the study participants. Anthropometric indices were measured and categorized using BMI for age Z-score. Descriptive statistics were carried out. Variables were considered for multivariable logistic regression if a Wald test p-value was ≤0.25 during bivariate logistic regression. The odds ratio with a 95% CI was calculated and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to declare the statistical significance of variables after fitting into the multivariable logistic regression. Results The prevalence of overweight among school adolescents was 17.9% (95% CI 14.7 to 21.1). The female adolescents were more likely to get overweight as compared to male adolescents (AOR 1.53, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.39). Similarly, the adolescents staying with more than four family members were less likely to get overweight as compared to their counterparts (AOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.95). There was no statistical significant association between adolescent overweight and age group, family type, school type, mothers’ occupation or fruits consumption. Conclusion The study findings highlighted the accelerated increase in the prevalence of overweight among school adolescents in Nepal. Therefore, appropriate nutritional intervention focusing on tackling overweight should be formulated and implemented so that the prevalence of overweight-associated non-communicable diseases can be minimized.

scholarly journals Complementary feeding practices and nutritional status of young children in a community in Sokoto

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
T. Yusuf ◽  
B. Jibrin
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
The Mean

Background: Complementary feeding is the cornerstone of child’s nutrition. Most malnourished children had their predicament originating from  the period of transition from breastfeeding to family diet. Objectives: To determine the complementary feeding practices and nutritional status of young children in Gwiwa community. Materials and  Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Gwiwa community, Wammakko LGA, Sokoto State between January and June,  2018. Three hundred and ten mothers with their children aged 6 –36 months were interviewed using structured interviewer - administered questionnaire and the children’s nutritional status was assessed using WHO classification of malnutrition. Data was analysed using SPSS version22.0.A p-value ≤0.05 was taken as significan. Results: One hundred and forty (45.2%) respondents were aged  15 – 24years and 168(54.2%) were of low socio-economic class. There were 190  males and 120 females with 66 (21.3%) children exclusively bre as t - fed for 6months. The mean age of cessation of breast feeding was 17.8 ±3.6 months. One hundred and sixty-nine (54.5%) children commenced complementary feeding at 6-8month of age with the mean age of 5.7(±2.6) months. One hundred and eighty-four (59.4%) used plain pap with 41.2% fed more than 3 times per day. Eighty-two (26.5%), 56(18.1%) and 76 (24.5%) children were underweight, wasted and stunted respectively. Conclusion: The complementary feeding practices were suboptimal in this community and might explain the poor nutritional status of their under- fives. Efforts should be geared towards optimal complementary feeding practices in this community. Key words: Complementary, Feeding, Practice, Nutritional, Status, Under-5.

THE SITUATION OF RECOGNITION OF SOME NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS OF PEOPLE IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Phuoc Thuoc Doan ◽  
Thi Huong Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thanh Nhan Tran ◽  
Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Appropriate Treatment

Background: Non-communicable diseases seriously affect public health and socio-economic development of the country due to the high number of people suffering from diseases, being disabled and mortal. However, the proportion of people who recognized themselves a suffering from non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia is not high. For cases that their disease situations have been identified, there are not appropriate treatment and preventive behaviors. Objectives: 1) To determine the proportion of 25 - 84 years old peoplewho identified themselves as suffering from hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. 2) To learn treatment and preventive behaviors in the group of people who identified themselves as suffering from diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a randomly selected sample of 1600 residents in Thua Thien Hue province. Results: The proportion of people knowing that they are suffering from hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was 29.4%; 3.2% and 7.8% respectively. Among them, the proportion of people who did not treat and treated irregularly accounted for 42.7%; 13.7% and 75.2% respectively; the proportion of people who did not change their lifestyles and dietary habits accounted for 50.1%; 5.9% and 56.8% respectively. Conclusions: The proportion of people who identified themselves as suffering from some non-communicable diseases without appropriate treatment and preventive behaviors is alarming. Interventions are needed to help people realize the importance of treatment and prevention effectively. Key words: Non-communicable diseases, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia

Instagramming our way through public health communication: why and who is using it?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vareda ◽  
T Garcia ◽  
J Rachadell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background From disease prevention to health promotion, communication is key for Public Health (PH) practice and, according to the 9th Essential Public Health Operation its goal is to improve populations health literacy and capacity to access, understand and use information. Though social media is frequently presented as a potentially useful tool for PH communication, there is a lack of evidence about its effectiveness and impact on PH outcomes. This study researches Instagram® as a PH tool and aims to know who is using it, what content is shared on the platform and how much engagement there is. Methods This cross-sectional study regards information on 1000 Instagram® posts with the hashtags publichealth, publichealthpromotion, healthpromotion, publichealthmatters and publichealtheducation. Authors categorized post content and creators, and reviewed the number of likes and comments per post to determine engagement. Data analysis was performed on IBM SPSS® Statistics. Results The most common content categories were communicable diseases (n = 383), non-communicable diseases (n = 258) and healthy lifestyles (n = 143). Health professionals post more about communicable diseases (43,6%) and non-professionals about healthy lifestyles (36,1%). Non-professionals (n = 191) post about PH issues almost as much as health professionals (n = 220) and PH associations (n = 201). Most don't reference their sources (n = 821). Posts on communicable diseases have the most likes and comments per post (mean of 172 likes and 3,1 comments). Conclusions Half the Instagram® posts analysed in this study were made by health professionals or organizations. Communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases and healthy lifestyles were the most frequent content categories and had the most engagement. The majority of posts didn't reference their sources. Though Instagram® seems to be a potential PH communication tool, further research is needed to confirm its benefits for PH. Key messages Social media platforms like Instagram® are potentially powerful tools for PH communication. There is a need to understand the efficacy of social media as health promotion tools.

scholarly journals Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041755
Author(s):  
Srinivas Marmamula ◽  
Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽  
Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽  
Rajesh Challa ◽  
Jill E Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

scholarly journals Communicative health literacy in patients with non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desalew Tilahun ◽  
Abebe Abera ◽  
Gugsa Nemera
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Literacy Level ◽  
Literacy Level

Abstract Background Health literacy plays a prominent role in empowering individuals for prevention as well as management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, there is paucity of information on the health literacy of patients with non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess communicative health literacy and associated factors in patients with NCDs on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center (JMC), Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 4 May 2020 to 4 July 2020 with 408 randomly selected adult patients, attending outpatient department of JMC in Ethiopia. The final sample size was obtained by using single population proportion formula. All patients with NCDs who were on follow-up at chronic illness clinic, JMC, were used as a source population. All eligible patients with NCDs who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this study. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Data were collected through structured interviewer administered questionnaires on the six of nine health literacy domains using Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) containing 30 items, socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics, disease-related factors, and health information sources. Multivariable logistic regression was executed to determine the associations. Result Descriptive analysis shows more than half of the respondents in four of the six health literacy domains had high communicative health literacy level (CHLL). The proportion of people with high CHLL across each of the domains was as follows: health care provider support (56.1%), social support for health (53.7%), active engagement with a healthcare provider (56.1%), and navigating healthcare system (53.4%). We found educational status was significantly associated with five of six health literacy domains whereas number of sources was associated with four of six health literacy domains. Conclusion The overall findings of the current study indicate that health literacy levels vary according to socio-demographic and disease characteristics of patients. Thus, healthcare professionals should assess patients’ health literacy level and tailor information and support to the health literacy skills and personal context of their patients.

Participation and Satisfaction with the National Campaign on Viral Hepatitis C and Non-Communicable Diseases among Administrative Workers of Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourhan B Abd-ElSamad ◽  
Nashwa I Basyoni ◽  
Mohamed F Allam ◽  
Samia I El-Damaty
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Needle Prick

Abstract Background On the first of October,2018, the Egyptian Ministry Of Health and Population (MoHP) launched an initiative; named 100 Million Seha, for nationwide screening of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and major non communicable diseases (NCDs) diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Egypt has one of the highest prevalence rate of HCV infection in the world and NCDs are considered the leading cause of mortality in Egypt Objectives This study aimed to estimate the prevalence rate of participation of ASU workers in the Egyptian Initiative 100 Million Seha and to assess their level of satisfaction. Method A cross sectional study was conducted on 400 Administrative workers of Ain shams university faculties between March and August, 2019 in Cairo, Egypt. A multistage random sample was applied. Results Most of the study group (96%) had participated in the campaign.“Reassurance about health” was considered the main reason for participation (92%), followed by “desire to obtain follow up card”, (36%). the main cause of non-participation was fear of needle prick. About 91% of the participants were satisfied with the services provided by the campaign. Mass media was the main source of information (91%). Conclusions Most of the study group participated in the initiative 100 Million Seha and were satisfied with the service provided. Mass media played the most important role in awareness with the campaign.

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