scholarly journals Influence of Television Advertising on Behavior of Children across Socioeconomic Backgrounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Rachana Bahuguna ◽  
Atul Jain ◽  
Divya Suryavanshi ◽  
Hemlata Chauhan ◽  
Suleiman A Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Television Advertising ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Obesogenic Diet ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

ABSTRACT Introduction This research analyzed the influence of television on the behavior of children belonging to urban and rural socioeconomic backgrounds of Bhopal city and its vicinity. Materials and methods About 400 parents with children between 1 and 18 years of age were subjected to a self-designed questionnaire, which sought information regarding the television viewing habits of children. Differences in responses were noted between the subjects of urban and rural areas. Obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using Pearson's chi-square test to determine the level of significance. Results The urban class showed a dominating pattern in the positive aspects of television viewing, such as significantly better awareness of oral health, more emphasis shown toward oral care adverts, and a higher knowledge of the cause of dental caries. However, the urban class also possessed a poor attitude; the appearance of a dentist on television did not remind them about oral needs, products with gifts pleased their children to a greater extent, they had more demanding children, parents fulfilled their children's demand more, and they relied on the self for selection of toothpaste. Overall, in all aspects, the rural class lacked significantly. Conclusion Television exerts a positive as well as negative influence on children's behavior among urban and rural communities, with the influence being more obvious in the urban class. Clinical significance The results of this study can be utilized in bringing about better and effective advertising oriented toward attaining optimum oral health of children; overall general health through adverts that discourage obesogenic diet and promote a diet rich in protein and fiber can also be focused on. How to cite this article Bahuguna R, Jain A, Suryavanshi D, Chauhan H, Khan SA, Thakur R. Influence of Television Advertising on Behavior of Children across Socioeconomic Backgrounds. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(1):52-56.

scholarly journals Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Persepsi Mengenai Epilepsi antara Masyarakat Pedesaan dan Perkotaan di Padang

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Hendra Permana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Urban Society ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Introduction: The Knowledge, perception and attitude about epilepsy in developing country, including Indonesia is still low. These problems can cause stigma and discrimination to the patient. Society still has the view that epilepsy is not a disease, but because of the inclusion of evil spirits, possessions, witches or a curse. Furthermore, the information gap between rural and urban society could contribute to the issues. Aims: This study was aimed to explore the knowledge, perception and attitude about epilepsy between rural and urban society in Padang. Method: This study used cross sectional comparative design. This study was conducted on February – June 2018 at Ulak Karang (urban) and Bungus (rural) public health center. The subjects of this study were 140 visitors of both public health centers. The inclusions criteria of this study was all visitors ≥ 17 years old and the exclusion criteria was all incomplete data. Data was taken by using questionnaire with 13 close questions. These data was analyzed with SPSS 22. Mannwhitney tests and Chi Square test were used to compare the knowledge, perception and attitude from the two groups. A P value below 0.05 was considered asstatistically significant. Result: From demographic data, there were no significant differences between urban and rural communities. In terms of knowledge about epilepsy, there are significant differences regarding the causes of epilepsy with a value of p = 0.002. In addition, perceptions of epilepsy stigma that differed significantly in urban and rural communities were regarding malformations in epilepsy patients with p = 0.046. As for community attitudes towards epilepsy patients, there were no significant differences between urban and rural areas Conclusion: Stigma is a frightening thing for people with epilepsy, because it can interfere with their social interactions and also reduce the opportunity to get a job and also the opportunity to get married.  

scholarly journals WASH Practices and Its Association With Disease and Nutritional Status of Under Five Children: Evidence From Rural Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdul Kuddus ◽  
Atiqur Rahman Sunny ◽  
Mizanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Diseased State ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

This study aimed to assess knowledge and practice of caregivers and its relationship to the disease and nutritional status of children under five years of age in rural areas of Sylhet, Bangladesh. A total of 110 households having 6 to 59 months aged children was selected by simple random method from ten rural communities of three Upazila of Sylhet during September 2019 to February 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the WASH knowledge & practice and multivariate chi-square analyses were performed to assess associations among diseases & nutritional status with WASH following a structured questionnaire. The study found a significant association of WASH with childhood disease and nutritional status, and 65% of children were found to be in a diseased state and 35% of children were found to be in a disease-free state within the last six months. The findings sketched that mother with poor wash knowledge and practice was at greater risk for disease outbreaks, disease frequency and duration. The highest incidence of diarrhea was 17% in children aged 12 to 23 months. Significant effect of WASH was also found in children nutrition status, that was reflected in the ratio of stunted, underweight and wasted children. Integrated convergent work focusing on the provision of clean water within the household, stop open defecation, promotion of hand washing, behavior change and poverty alleviation is needed to improve the situation. Health, nutrition and livelihood programs should be uninterrupted, and mothers or caregivers should be encouraged to participate in these programs.

Ecological Governance and the Sustainability of Rural Household Water Conservation Systems in the Savannah Region of Ghana

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Prosper Bazaanah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Inclusion ◽  
Ecological Governance ◽  
And Gender

This chapter examined the link between ecological governance and water conservation as sustainable pathways for enhancing rural livelihoods in the Savannah Region. Designs adopted were post-positivist and cross-sectional. Probability sampling techniques were used to sample 450 household and official respondents. Questionnaires were administered, while descriptive statistics and chi-square test were utilised to analyse the data. Findings showed significant relationship between conservation initiatives, finance, rehabilitation/maintenance, and gender inclusion and domestic water conservation. Therefore, with commitment to maintenance, funding, and gender inclusion in water decisions, there is the likely for water to be locally sustainable in rural communities of the region. Democratic, decentralised, and participatory approaches to ecological governance and empowerment of the local communities are recommended as essential preconditions for achieving ecologically self-governing communities and sustaining domestic water systems in the rural areas of the region.

scholarly journals Barriers to Meaningful Involvement in AIDS Service Organizations in Three Canadian Maritime Provinces

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Steven Michael Ross ◽  
Lynne Duffy ◽  
Leslie Jeffrey ◽  
Donna Bulman ◽  
Marni Amirault
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Research ◽  
Meaningful Involvement

<p>A three-year, community-based descriptive study examined how meaningful involvement in AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs) is conceptualized and experienced in three Canadian Maritime provinces that are considered rural areas. This paper focuses on one aspect of the research, namely the barriers to meaningful involvement in ASOs. Thirty-five participants were interviewed who self-identified as current or past clients of an ASO and were living with, or engaging in, at-risk behaviors for HIV/AIDS. Photovoice, a qualitative Community-Based Research (CBR) strategy, was also used with a small sample because marginalized populations that are traditionally difficult to recruit for interviews have embraced this method due to its oral-based and interactive design. The contribution to the field of knowledge about barriers to meaningful involvement is organized around three main themes: (1) stigma, a major negative influence, is particularly powerful due to the nature of social structures in rural communities; (2) readiness for meaningful involvement, where poor health status or the desire to lead a normal life can significantly impact an individual’s involvement, and (3) characteristics of the ASO environment that are critical in determining the degree, if any, of meaningful involvement.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Utilization of Mosquito Nets and Malaria Related Under-Five Mortality in Abia State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Imo, Chukwuechefulam Kingsley ◽  
Isiugo-Abanihe, Uche Charlie
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Mosquito Nets

In spite of huge global investments in the production and distribution of mosquito nets to protect people from malaria; it has continued to militate against the reduction of mortality in Nigeria. The study, therefore, examined the nexus between utilization of mosquito nets and malaria related under-five health outcome. Two local government areas were randomly selected from each of the three senatorial districts, and stratified along urban and rural communities. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 609 mothers within childbearing age and who had under-five children across the communities. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests and logistic regression at p<0.05, and thematic content analysis were used for data analyses. The respondents’ age was 32.6±5.8 years, 84.6% were married/living together, 55.0% had secondary education, while 42.7% were in paid/civil service jobs. Under-five mortality was 19.3% higher amongst rural than urban dwellers. Ownership of mosquito nets (treated or untreated) varied by place of residence with 60.1% and 39.9% for urban and rural areas respectively. About 62% of the dead under-five children never slept under mosquito nets. The likelihood of under-five mortality significantly increased by nonownership of mosquito nets (Odds-Ratio (OR): 2.476) and reduced by number of mosquito nets (OR: 0.278). Wrong methods adopted by mothers in using mosquito nets, was deduced as a contributory factor causing underfive mortality for home with fewer nets. Information on the proper use of the mosquito nets would help achieve the goal of universal access for the atrisk populations of children under age five and pregnant women.

scholarly journals Curtailing of Myths and Misconceptions Regarding Oral Health among Indian Adult Population through Health Education and Promotion -Cross Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Apoorva Basavaraj Badiger ◽  
Triveni Mavinakote Gowda ◽  
Usha Govindaroy Venkatesh ◽  
Rucha Shah ◽  
Gayathri Gunjiganuru Vemanaradhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Summary Background/Aim: Myths related to oral diseases and oral health-related practices are very common among the population. Inadequate knowledge along with the persisting myths regarding the etiology, course and outcome of oral diseases makes it difficult to initiate health behavioural changes. Present study scrutinizes various myths and misconceptions regarding oral health among the outpatients. The aim of this study was to assess myths and misconceptions about oral health and imparting education regarding the same. Material and Methods: The calculated sample size was 200. A pre –tested closed ended questionnaire was prepared in both English and local language (Kannada). It comprised of four sections with 24 questions. The Content validity index value of 0.9 suggested a good validity. A Chi square test was applied and significance level was fixed at p< 0.05. Results: We had 100% response rate. In our study half of the participants visited dental hospital for the very first time (57.5%). About 45.2% of subjects believed 3rd molar eruption is the sign of intelligence, while 64.8% had a notion that all dental procedures are painful. Conclusions: Myths and misconceptions related to oral health are still prevalent among the population. However, small steps like compulsory education about oral health in the school curriculum, available and affordable oral care also effective use of mass media could be the steps to reduce oral health burden to the society.

scholarly journals A study on non-compliance to treatment in a Chennai based diabetic population

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5465
Author(s):  
U. Yashila Prithika ◽  
Christina Mary P. Paul ◽  
Vishwanath Simha Nethaji ◽  
S. Vishnu ◽  
Wajeeha Rumaiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Compliance To Treatment ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: India is world's diabetic capital. Treatment compliance is most important to manage the disease effectively. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of treatment non–compliance among the adult diabetic population and to identify certain risk factors that may be associated with it.Methods: The study was done on 300 diabetics who were chosen through stratified random sampling from urban and rural areas. Information was collected through a questionnaire that had questions on background information of the subject and then on diabetes and treatment compliance. The data entry and analysis were done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22. The final data was summarized into percentages and 95% C.I was calculated for the prevalence rates. Cross tabulations were done for various variables. Chi-square values were calculated wherever appropriate and p values were based on the 2 –tailed values. Associations were assessed and 95% confidence interval of odds ratios were found using Epi Info version 7.1.2.Results: The overall prevalence of non-compliance to treatment in diabetics was found to be 29.7% with a 95% CI of 24.5-34.8%. Treatment non–compliance among diabetics was significantly higher among male subjects, subjects from joint families, subjects with family history of diabetes and also subjects with BMI in the normal range.Conclusions: This study shows the high prevalence rates of treatment non–compliance among the diabetic population emphasizes on the need for effective public–private partnerships to effectively reduce the disease burden of diabetes.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Stunting and Motor Skill Development of Toddlers in Urban and Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347
Author(s):  
Syifa F Syihab ◽  
Mesa Rahmi Stephani ◽  
Isti Kumalasari ◽  
Adang Suherman
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Motor Skill Development ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The development of child motor skills is closely related to nutritional status. Stunted children generally experience delays in motor development. The objective was to determine the relationship between stunting, socioeconomic status, and children’s motor skill development. This research was conducted in 2018 using a cross-sectional method. Respondents were 80 children aged 48-60 months in urban and rural areas of West Java. The researcher used a simple random technique data collection on anthropometric, socioeconomic, and motor skills development. Then it was analyzed using chi-square and Fisher exact methods. The researcher used a simple random technique data collection on anthropometric, socioeconomic, and motor skills development. Then it was analyzed using chi-square and Fisher exact methods. We found that stunting prevalence in rural areas was higher than in urban areas. As much as 30 % of children in rural areas and only 12.5 % of children in urban areas were categorized as stunted. There is no significant association between stunting with the family’s socioeconomic status and motor skill development. The weight for the age variable showed a significant association with stunting. Children who are malnourished have a stunting risk of 10.9 times greater than normal children (OR 10.9 p < 0.001).

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward rabies in three provinces of Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 2518-2526
Author(s):  
Saifur Rehman ◽  
Fedik Abdul Rantam ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Mustofa Helmi Effendi ◽  
Aamir Shehzad
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background and Aim: Rabies is an important viral zoonotic disease that is mostly transmitted through the bite of a rabid dog. Despite serious efforts regarding its control, rabies is still endemic in many provinces of Indonesia. The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to rabies in urban and rural areas in three provinces of Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 432 respondents of different age groups, educational levels, geographical areas, and occupations participated in this study. Data were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire with online and offline modes to assess the KAP of rabies among the respondents. A series of Chi-square tests and frequency distribution analyses were performed to determine associations between response variables. Results: Of the 432 participants, 56.9% were aware of the clinical signs of rabies. Excepting for people at high risk of contracting the disease (e.g., veterinarians), most respondents (83.1%) were not vaccinated against rabies. Surprisingly, 79.4 % of those who were bitten by an infected dog did not seek medical care from the doctor and approximately 71.8% had poor knowledge of rabies control and vaccine campaigns. Of all respondents, 64% (p<0.05, odds ratio=1.63) were vaccinated after an infected dog bite. Similarly, 32% (p<0.05, odds ratio=1.59) were aware of surveys and vaccinations in their areas. In contrast, 20.7% (p<0.05, odds ratio=0.593) reported that rabid dogs were killed in their areas. The majority (89.60%) of the respondents were aware of the fact that rabies can cause death. Most of the respondents (93%) knew that rabies is caused by an infected dog bite. The overall levels of KAP among the respondents were good. Conclusion: The findings of the current study generally show that participants had good knowledge about clinical signs based on their frequency percentage, but lacked knowledge regarding medical treatment and surveys for awareness and vaccination of rabies. Overall, a significant (p<0.05, odds ratio>1) relationship was found among the KAP of participants. This depicts that the majority of the population is aware of rabies and factors involved in its transmission.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document