Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels in Mothers and their Newborns: An Observational Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Priyanka H Krishnaswamy ◽  
Sujatha Prabhu ◽  
N Ashwini Pandith ◽  
Achal Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Serum

ABSTRACT Aim To estimate the average serum values of vitamin B12 and folate in women with a term pregnancy and the cord blood of their newborns. To find if any correlation exists between the levels of serum B12 and folate in the mother and that of the neonate. Materials and methods A prospective observational study of serum B12 and folate levels and the respective cord blood concentrations of 51 term, nonanemic, pregnant women and in the cord blood of their newborns at delivery. Results Fifteen women were B12 deficient (29.4%) with the mean being 189.25 ± 94.2 ng/mL and 14 neonates were B12 deficient (27.45%) with their mean being 321.86 ± 143.68 ng/mL. One woman was folate deficient (1.96%) with the mean being 13.13 ± 5.15 ng/mL and one neonate was folate deficient (1.96%) with the mean being 15.68 ± 4.61 ng/mL. There was a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal B12 levels with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.74 (p-value of < 0.01) and a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal folate levels with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.44 (p-value of < 0.01). Conclusion There is a high incidence of maternal B12 deficiency in the Indian community, which has a positive correlation with neonatal levels. Treatment of B12 and folate deficiency should be a part of routine antenatal treatment, and neonates should be followed up and treated if found to be B12 or folate deficient. Clinical significance In India, where large numbers of women are anemic, deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate is overlooked when treatment of anemia is undertaken in most hospitals. In addition, women with undetected and subclinical deficiency may transmit it to their newborns with a cycle that is self-perpetuating unless broken with adequate intake or supplementation. How to cite this article Krishnaswamy PH, Prabhu S, Pandith NA, Shetty A. Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels in Mothers and their Newborns: An Observational Study. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(4):190-193.

scholarly journals Study of vitamin B12 status and the consequential clinico-hematological profile in healthy vegetarian population in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Pramod Paudel ◽  
Jagdish Prasad Agrawal ◽  
Santosh Timilsena ◽  
Jyoti Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Cobalamin Deficiency ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hematological Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Study Population

Background: A strict vegetarian diet has been associated with an increased risk of vitamin B12 deficiency. Clinical manifestations of cobalamin deficiency are hematologic and neurological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in healthy vegetarian population and to study the clinical and hematological profile of vitamin B12 deficient subjects.Methods: A community based cross-sectional observational study was conducted through preplanned camps in Kathmandu Nepal. 166 vegetarian people were investigated for serum vitamin B12 level and their hematological profile was done. They were examined for neurological manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency.Results: The mean serum vitamin B12 level of the vegetarian in this study was 271.34 ±241.74 pg/ml (mean ± SD)., 53.6 % had serum vitamin B12 deficiency. 56.5 % of male and 47.1 % of female had vitamin B12 deficiency. The risk of vitamin B12 deficiency is more in males than females with odds ratio 1.201 (CI=95%) which is not statistically significant with p-value 0.312. There was no significant difference in vitamin B12 level in different age group.The study population had mean hemoglobin of 13.12 ± 1.72 gm/dl. Anemia was present in 34.9 % of study population. 33.9 % of male and 37.3 % of female had anemia. There was no significant difference in anemia in male and female vegetarian (p-value 0.72). 40% of patient who had vitamin B12 deficiency had anemia.A significant low hemoglobin level and higher MCV were found as level of serum vitamin B12 decreased. Only one patient had macrocytic anemia.There were few symptoms but not specific to vitamin B12 deficiency.Conclusion: The result of present study show that prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among healthy vegetarian was 53.6% with higher prevalence in male and elder age group.Prevalence of anemia was 34.9% in this study with elderly group and females being more affected.There was significant correlation between vitamin B12 and hemoglobin level and significant negative correlation with MCV. Although, not significant, leucocytes count, lymphocyte count and platelets were low in vitamin B12 deficient population.Few clinical features were present in vitamin B12 deficient subjects but neurological features specific to vitamin B12 deficiency were not seen.

scholarly journals VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 753-758
Author(s):  
Arshad Sattar Lakho ◽  
Aqeel Ahmed Channa ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar Dars ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Objectives: To determine the frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency in patientswith hypothyroidism. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period: 12-05-2016to 11-11-2016. Setting: Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro / Hyderabad. Patients andMethods: All the patients of known hypothyroid patients for ≥01month duration, 20-50 yearsof age, either gender were explored for serum vitamin B12 level. The SPSS was used tomanipulate the data in relation to mean ±SD, frequencies and percentages and through chisquaretest to get the p-values and its level of significance (≤0.05). Results: Total 145 patientswith hypothyroidism were evaluated for B12 deficiency, of which 97 (66.8%) were males and48 (33.1%) were females respectively. Ninety patients (62%) were from urban areas while 55(37.9%) was rural population. The mean ±SD for age of overall population was 41.83±8.93years while the mean age ±SD for vitamin B12 deficient and non deficient was 39.96±7.82and 40.74±8.54 years respectively. The vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in one hundredand five patients (72%), of which 69 (65.7%) males and 36 (34.3%) females. The mean ± SDfor duration of infection in overall population was 5.32±1.53 months while it was 5.81±1.43 invitamin B12 deficient individuals. Conclusion: The vitamin B12 deficiency is more pronouncedin hypothyroid patients. In present series vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in 105 (72%)individuals with male predominance 69 (65.7%).

Relationships among Urinary Aminoimidazolecarboxamide in Urine and Folate, and Vitamin B12 Concentrations in Serum

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1049-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Harrison ◽  
B A Slade ◽  
W Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12

Abstract Urinary aminoimidazolecarboxamide (AIC), serum folate, and serum vitamin B12 values were determined in 84 apparently healthy individuals. An automated system for determination of AIC in urine is described. Despite claims to the contrary, we found no evidence of a strong relationship between elevated (e.g., &gt;1.3 µg/mg of creatinine) AIC excretion as reflected in a casual sample of urine and folate or vitamin B12 deficiency. Urinary AIC values ranged from 0.10 to 5.20 µg/mg of creatinine. The mean for the population examined was 1.36 ± 1.02 µg/mg of creatinine.

scholarly journals Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Vitamin B12 Deficiency During Early Pregnancy in an Urban Slum in Bangladesh (P24-035-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Towfida Siddiqua ◽  
Md Nure Alam ◽  
Shaikh Meshbahuddin Ahmad ◽  
Razoanul Haque ◽  
Tahmeed Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
P Value ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Objectives Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), an inflammatory gastric bacterial infection is prevalent worldwide and may impair the absorption of many micronutrients, particularly iron and vitamin B12. We measured H. pylori infection status in the extracted stool sample in pregnant women and examined its associations with biomarkers of vitamin B12 (B12) status. Methods In a blinded-placebo controlled trial, Bangladeshi women (n = 160, 18–35 years, gestational weeks 9–14, Hb > 70 g/L) were randomized to receive either B12 (100 μg/day) fortified or control milk throughout pregnancy up to 6-mo postpartum. Baseline data of the trial were used to conduct this analysis. Blood and stool samples were collected from all participants at enrollment. Folate, B12 and total homocysteine (tHcy) in plasma were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Plasma active-B12 was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and H. pylori antigen in feces was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Results The mean hemoglobin concentration of women was 116.5 ± 10.2 g/L and 25.6% had anemia (Hb < 110 g/L). About 6.25% of the women were B12 deficient (150 pmol/L) and 29.38% had marginal status (150–220 pmol/L). The mean active B12 concentration was 43.3 ± 22.4 pmol/L and 39.38% (<35 pmol/L) were at risk of B12 deficiency. Elevated tHcy was found in 34.1% of the women (>8 μmol/L) and 3.8% had low plasma folate (<3.1 ng/mL). The majority of the participants (65%) had fecal H. pylori antigen, indicating asymptomatic carriage state. Presence of H. pylori antigen was accompanied by B12 deficiency in ̴23% of the women. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of having H. pylori antigen was lower in women with increasing age [OR: 0.89 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.96); p-value = 0.005]. However, the results showed no significant association between B12 markers and H. pylori infection. Conclusions The high prevalence of H. pylori infection co-exists with micronutrient deficiencies during early pregnancy in an urban slum in Bangladesh, meriting more comprehensive approaches for their evaluation and prevention. Funding Sources Nestle Foundation.

scholarly journals Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Eastern India: A Hospital Based Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasmita Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Jayati Roy Choudhury ◽  
Kasturi Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Deficiency ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Mild Deficiency

Introduction: The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency is common (around 40%) in people older than 65 years of age and in people who are strict vegetarians. The major sources of Viamin B12 are meat, fish, dairy products and fortified cereals. Aim: To study the prevalence and common types of presentations of vitamin B12 deficiency among 20-80 years aged, non-vegetarian people attending a tertiary care hospital in a state of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital between July 2018 to December 2019. Serum samples were collected from 478 adult patients presenting with different symptoms like pallor, fatigue, numbness and tingling sensation in limbs, memory loss, alopecia etc., which may be related to vitamin B12 deficiency. These samples were screened for serum vitamin B12 level by chemiluminescence method in ADVIA, Centaur CP (SIEMENS). Data were analysed statistically by graph pad prism 8 software. Significance of the difference between means were detected using Student’s unpaired t-test and calculating the p-value (p-value <0.05 were considered as significant). Results: Among 184 females, 50 (27.17%) were found to be Vitamin B12 deficient (VBD). Among them, 18 (36%) had mild deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level 201-220 pmol/L), 22 (44%) had moderate (serum vitamin B12 level 150-200 pmol/L) and 10 (20%) had severe deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level <150 pmol/L). A total of 35 (70%) of the VBD females were of <50 years of age. Among 294 males, 83 (28.23%) were found to be VBD. Among them, 34 (41%) had mild deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level 201-220 pmol/L), 36 (43%) had moderate (serum vitamin B12 level 150-200 pmol/L) and 13 (16%) had severe deficiency (serum vitamin B12 level <150 pmol/L). Total 43 (51.8%) of VBD male persons were of <50 years age. Among VBD female patients, 24 (48%) had neuropathy and among VBD male patients, 54 (65%) had neuropathy. Conclusion: So, it can be concluded that if regular screening is done for serum vitamin B12 in symptomatic patients irrespective of age, a number of problems can be reduced or cured by diagnosing VBD patients and treating them with vitamin B12 either by dietary modification or medicinal supplementation.

Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Exclusively Breast Fed Term Infants in South India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apurva Kadiyala ◽  
Anitha Palani ◽  
Sasitharan Rajendraprasath ◽  
Padmasani Venkatramanan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective Vitamin B12 is not synthesized in the body and its only dietary sources are non-vegetarian. The breast milk of mothers in resource poor countries who are on predominantly vegetarian diets is deficient in vitamin B12. Hence exclusive breast feeding (EBF) may result in B12 deficiency in the infant, which can affect the neurodevelopmental outcome. Our aim was to study the serum vitamin B12 levels among EBF infants and identify the risk factors for B12 deficiency. Method This cross-sectional study was done among EBF, term, otherwise healthy infants, 1–6 month of age in the well-baby clinic .The sociodemographic data of mother and the infants’ anthropometric measurements were noted and blood samples were sent for complete blood count and serum vitamin B12 levels. The data were analysed using SPSS software version 16. Results We enrolled 149 EBF infants, aged 1–6 months and the mean age was 3.1 (±1.03) months. The mean serum vitamin B12 level was 199.91 (±112.523) pg/ml. Low serum vitamin B12 levels (&lt;200 pg/ml) was seen in 95 (63.7%) infants. On multivariate analysis, there were no other significant risk factors for B12 deficiency in the infants. Conclusion The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among EBF infants is 63.7%. Because of its importance in neurological development during infancy, there is an urgent need to address this issue while promoting exclusive breast feeding.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Pragmatic Clinical Approach to Oral and Nasal Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Treatment in Patients with Vitamin B12 Deficiency Related to Gastrointestinal Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Andrès ◽  
Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar ◽  
Khalid Serraj ◽  
Thomas Vogel ◽  
Georges Kaltenbach
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
B12 Deficiency

The objective of this review is to provide an update on the effectiveness of oral and nasal vitamin B12 (cobalamin) treatment in gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Relevant articles were identified by PubMed and Google Scholar systematic search, from January 2010 and June 2018, and through hand search of relevant reference articles. Additional studies were obtained from references of identified studies, the Cochrane Library and the ISI Web of Knowledge. Data gleaned from reference textbooks and international meetings were also used, as was information gleaned from commercial sites on the web and data from CARE B12 research group. For oral vitamin B12 treatment, 4 randomized controlled trials (vs. intramuscular), 4 narrative and 4 systematic reviews, and 13 prospective studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. These studies concerned patients with vitamin B12 deficiency related to: food-cobalamin malabsorption (n = 6), Biermer’s disease (n = 3), veganism or vegetarianism (n = 1), total gastrectomy after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 2) and Crohn’s disease (n = 1). Four prospective studies include patients with vitamin B12 deficiency related to the aforementioned etiologies, except veganism or vegetarianism. The systematic present review documents that oral vitamin B12 replacement, at a daily dose of 1000 μg (1 mg), was adequate to normalize serum vitamin B12 levels and cure main clinical manifestations related to vitamin B12 deficiency, in GI disorders, and thus, with safety profile. For nasal vitamin B12 treatment, only one preliminary study was available. We conclude that oral vitamin B12 is an effective alternative to intramuscular vitamin B12 (except in patients presenting with severe neurological manifestations). Oral vitamin B12 treatment avoids the discomfort, contraindication (in patients with anticoagulation), and cost of monthly injections.

scholarly journals Circulating antibody to transcobalamin II causing retention of vitamin B12 in the blood

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Carmel ◽  
B Tatsis ◽  
L Baril
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
High Serum ◽  
The Status ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Long Acting

A patient with recurrent pulmonary abscess, weight loss, and alcoholism was found to have extremely high serum vitamin B12 and unsaturated vitamin B12-binding capacity (UBBC) levels. While transcobalamin (TC) II was also increased, most of his UBBC was due to an abnormal binding protein which carried greater than 80% of the endogenous vitamin B12 and was not found in his saliva, granulocytes, or urine. This protein was shown to be a complex of TC II and a circulating immunoglobulin (IgGkappa and IgGlambda). Each IgG molecule appeared to bind two TC II molecules. The reacting site did not interfere with the ability of TC II to bind vitamin B12, but did interfere with its ability to transfer the vitamin to cells in vitro. The site was not identical to that reacting with anti-human TC II antibody produced in rabbits. Because of this abnormal complex, 57Co-vitamin B12 injected intravenously was cleared slowly by the patient. However, no metabolic evidence for vitamin B12 deficiency was demonstrable, although the patient initially had megaloblastic anemia apparently due to folate deficiency. The course of the vitamin B12-binding abnormalities was followed over 4 yr and appeared to fluctuate with the status of the patient's illness. The IgG-TC II complex resembled one induced in some patients with pernicious anemia by intensive treatment with long-acting vitamin B12 preparations. The mechanism of induction of the antibody formation in our patient is unknown.

scholarly journals The prevalence of anemia among the tribal children from the western districts of West Bengal, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Tuphan Kanti Dolai ◽  
Somnath Mondal ◽  
Manisha Jain ◽  
Prakas Kumar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: Tribal population in West Bengal constitutes a significant proportion (5.1%) and the vulnerable group because of lower socio-economic status, poor literacy rate and malnutrition. The present study was conducted to evaluate hemoglobin level and prevalence of anemia among the tribal children from the western districts of West Bengal, India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on school going (class I to class VIII) tribal children (≥5 to <13years) during March 2019 to February 2020. A complete blood count was done by automated blood cell counter and anemia was classified as per WHO criteria.  They were also tested for markers of common nutritional anemias (serum ferritin, serum vitamin B12 and serum folate). Data entry and analysis was done on SPSS version 15. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Total 1, 010 tribal children were included with male:female=1:1.35. Among these, 46.34% (n=468) children had anemia. Among all anemic children 47.65% (n=223), 51.93% (n=243/468) and 0.42% (n=2) respectively had mild, moderate and severe anemia. There was a high prevalence (81.68%) of microcytic red blood cells in the total cohort; among anemic children, 53.94% have microcytosis while no macrocytosis was revealed. Among all grade anemias, iron, folate and vitamin B12 deficiency were found in 44.65% (n=209/468), 13.24% (n=62/468) and 25% (n=117/468) respectively.Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia among tribal children of West Bengal is a matter of concern. The high prevalence of microcytic indices in non-anemic population highlights the dire need for screening for the causes of anemia in this population. 

scholarly journals EFEK FORTIFIKASI VITAMIN B12 TERHADAP KADAR VITAMIN B12 SERUM DAN HOMOSISTEIN SERUM PADA VEGETARIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Susianto Susianto
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Community Trial

Introduction: Vegetarians consume plant-based foods with or without eggs and milk. Vegetarians are at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency, as natural sources of vitamin B12 are limited to animal-based foods. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia, nerve damage and increase homocysteine level. Higher homocysteine level can increase the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin B12 fortification on the level of serum vitamin B12 and homocysteine in vegetarian. Method: The research design was an experimental study, community trial. The samples were 42 vegetarians with vitamin B12 deficiency (< 156 pmol/L) selected from 118 vegetarians as members of Indonesia Vegetarian Society (IVS) Pekanbaru, treated by vitamin B12 fortified oatmeal for three months from March to June 2010.  Serum vitamin B12 and homocysteine were measured by electrochemiluminescent immunoassay and microparticle enzyme immunoassay method respectively. Result: Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in vegetarian was 35.6%. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase of serum vitamin B12 from 124.6 to 284.6 pmol/L (p=0.001) and significant decrease of serum homocysteine from 20.1 to 15.1 µmol/L (p=0.001). Conclusion: Consumption of vitamin B12 fortified oatmeal increases the level of serum vitamin B12 and decreases the level of serum homocysteine significantly in vegetarian with vitamin B12 deficiency.

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