scholarly journals Thalassemia Major and related Dentomaxillofacial Complications: Clinical and Radiographic Overview with Reference to Dental Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Dental Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Dental Practitioners

ABSTRACT Introduction Thalassemia is one of the most common genetic disorders worldwide and presents public health and social challenges in areas of high incidence. Thalassemia major (TM) type is associated with most severe clinical changes. Aim To evaluate dental and oromaxillofacial features of TM. Materials and methods The sample consisted of 54 children and adolescents with TM, 31 males and 23 females, aged 5.5 to 18.3 years (mean age 11.6 ± 3.2 years) and thalassemia-free controls. They were examined for dental caries, oral hygiene, periodontal status, orofacial features, tooth size and dental arch dimensions, dental development, and physical pattern. Clinical, radiographical, and odontometric assessments were carried out. Results Thalassemia major patients were at high risk of dental caries. The average decayed, missing, filled tooth (DMFT) value was 6.26 for 15-year-olds compared with 4.84 in the control group (p < 0.001). Poor oral hygiene and gingivitis were observed in 61.1 and 92.2% of the thalassemic patients respectively. Clinical orofacial features of TM include frontal bossing, saddle nose, and maxillary protrusion, giving a “chipmunk”-like face. Lip incompetence, dental discoloration, and pallor oral mucosa have been noted. Radiographical examination showed the following: thickened frontal bone, thinned mandibular cortex, and maxillary sinus hypoplasia. Class II malocclusion, significant reduction in tooth size and dental arch dimensions, and delay in dental development were evident. Growth retardation was present in 75.9% of the patients. Conclusion Thalassemia major produces a variety of orofacial and systemic complications that increase with age. Early diagnosis and management allow more favorable prognosis and minimize complication. Clinical significance Dental practitioners, especially working in multiracial communities, require understanding of the complications and management of the disease. How to cite this article Hattab FN. Thalassemia Major and related Dentomaxillofacial Complications: Clinical and Radiographic Overview with Reference to Dental Care. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2017;6(2):95-104.

Preventive Dental Care: The Role of the Pediatrician

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry J. Herrmann ◽  
Michael W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Disease ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Preventive Dental Care ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Dental Profession

The pediatrician can assist the dental profession in preventing dental disease and maintaining the oral health of children. Pediatricians are urged to counsel parents in dietary and oral hygiene practices that will prevent dental caries and to refer patients for professional dental care when appropriate. Systemic fluoride supplements should be prescribed when needed but only after a careful review of requirements and daily consumption.

The Dentition of the Growing Child: A Longitudinal Study of Dental Development Between 3 and 18 Years of Age

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
HOWARD V. MEREDITH
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Public School ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Dental Development ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
White Children ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Dental Casts

This research monograph is based on dental casts for 184 white children residing in Massachusetts and Delaware. The topics discussed pertain to tooth size, dental arch size, and positional interrelationships of the teeth in the two arches. On each subject, the investigator had available a series of dental casts "covering the transition from the primary to the secondary dentition" (p. 40). The casts were amassed in part at the Center for Research in Child Health and Development, Boston (Dr. Harold C. Stuart), and in part at a public school in Wilmington, Delaware (Dr. Richard H. Stucklen).

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Survey of Dental Caries Prevalence and Oral Hygiene Status in 3-20-year-old Young Thalassemia Major Children of Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2056-2058
Author(s):  
Ali Anwaar ◽  
Arham Nawaz Chohan ◽  
Muhammad Shairaz Sadiq ◽  
Fareed Ahmed ◽  
Adeel Ijaz Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey

Background & Objectives: A Cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene status in Thalassemia Major children age ranging in 3-20-year-old undergoing blood transfusion from the Thalassemia Society of Pakistan. Oral hygiene status and dmft scores were compared. Methods & Materials: A total of 117 children from the Thalassemia Society of Pakistan were checked. Three stations were setup for dental check-up and examiners were calibrated. Examination was performed on children sitting comfortability in chairs using sterilised dental mirrors and probes under natural sunlight on modifies version of World Health Organization (WHO) assessment form. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth using DMFT and dmft indices and Oral Hygiene status was recorded as good, fair, and poor. Results: It was found in our study, 73 males (62.4%) and 44 females (37.6 %). mean dmft score for male was 2.25+ 2.87. Female score was 2.64+ 3.26. Overall mean DMFT score 2.39+ 3.02.A strong association was observed between age and DMFT (p=0.001) between Out of the total sample size, two third majority had fair oral hygiene, while the remainder fell into good and poor hygiene category, respectively. Conclusion: Majority of sample population had fair oral hygiene and young age group were more prone to dental caries. Keywords: Thalassemia Major, Dental Caries, Oral Health

Effectiveness of a Dental Care Intervention in the Prevention of Lower Respiratory Tract Nosocomial Infections among Intensive Care Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1342-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanessa T. Bellissimo-Rodrigues ◽  
Mayra G. Menegueti ◽  
Gilberto G. Gaspar ◽  
Edson A. Nicolini ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora-Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective.To evaluate whether dental treatment may enhance oral antisepsis, thus preventing more effectively lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among critically ill patientsDesign.Observer-blind randomized clinical trial.Setting.General intensive care unit (ICU) for adult patients.Patients.We analyzed data from 254 adult patients who stayed for at least 48 hours in the ICU.Intervention.Patients were randomized by means of rolling dice. The experimental group (n = 127) had access to dental care provided by a dental surgeon, 4–5 times a week. Besides routine oral hygiene, care also included teeth brushing, tongue scraping, removal of calculus, atraumatic restorative treatment of caries, and tooth extraction. The control group (n = 127) had access to routine oral hygiene only, which included the use of chlorhexidine as a mouth rinse, which was performed by the ICU nurse staff.Results.The primary study outcome was the LRTI incidence, which was 8.7% in the experimental group and 18.1% in the control group (adjusted relative risk [RR], 0.44 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.20–0.96]; P = .04). Ventilator-associated pneumonia rates per 1,000 ventilator-days were 16.5 (95% CI, 9.8–29.5) in the control group and 7.6 (95% CI, 3.3–15.0) in the experimental group (P < .05). Mortality rates were similar between both study groups: 31.5% in the control group versus 29.1% in the experimental group (adjusted RR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.52–1.65]; P = .796). No severe adverse events related to oral care were observed during the study.Conclusion.Dental treatment was safe and effective in the prevention of LRTI among critically ill patients who were expected to stay at least 48 hours in the ICU.Trial registration.Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry, affiliated with the World Health Organization’s International Clinical Trial Registry Platform: U1111-1152-2671.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(11):1342–1348

ORAL DISEASES STATUS AND KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE FOR ORAL CARE OF THE PRIMARY SCHOOL’S PUPILS IN THE CITY AND MOUNTAIN OF THUA THIEN-HUE PROVINCE

2014 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Tan Tai Tran ◽  
Toai Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Hoat Luu
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Primary Pupils

Background: Oral disease is now the major public health problems. There is few research on the status of dental caries and its relationship to the knowledge and practice of oral hygiene practices among schoolchildren. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe the current status of oral diseases; (2) find out knowledge and practice of oral care and a number of factors related to dental caries. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-section study what was carried out on 1406 schoolchildren aged 7-11-year- olds attending Grade 1–5 at two primary schools of the Hue city and four primary schools of mountain. Clinical examination and interview questions of knowledge and practice to dental care for all subjects. Results: Dental caries prevalence was 77.6%, the mean dmft/DMFT score was 4.22/1.51; gingivitis, tarta, dental plaque were 33.2%, 31.2%, 55.5% respectively. The questionnaires about oral hygiene, 26.5% of children had not good knowledge, 67.6% had not good practice. Dental caries related with practicing daily oral hygiene (OR = 2.21, p <0.01) and with the knowledge of dental care (OR = 1.44, p <0.05). There is the relationship between knowledge and practice not yet good (OR = 5.25, p <0.01). Conclusions: Oral diseases, particularly dental caries prevalence is still high in primary pupils. It’s necessary for education on knowledge and practice of oral disease prevention for primary pupils. Keywords: Oral disease, primary pupils, oral health KP

scholarly journals Dental arch parameters of the displacement and nondisplacement sides in subjects with unilateral palatal canine ectopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Al-Khateeb ◽  
Elham S. Abu Alhaija ◽  
Ashwaq Rwaite ◽  
Bader Alddin Burqan
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Incisor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Group A ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Dental Casts

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare arch perimeter and teeth size, number, and shape between the two sides of the dental arch—the canine displacement side (DS) and the nondisplacement side (NDS)—in subjects with unilateral palatally displaced canine (PDC). Materials and Methods: Orthopantomograms (OPTs) of 240 subjects with unilateral PDC and 240 OPT matching controls were used. Additionally, study casts of 100 study subjects and 100 controls were used. The age of subjects ranged between 14 and 25 years. Dental casts were digitized and several parameters were recorded. Results: The transverse width from midpalatal line to the buccal segment and the palatal area on the DS was larger than that in the NDS (P &lt; .05 to .001), with no difference in tooth size between both sides. Maxillary second premolars, canines, and lateral incisors in the PDC group were smaller than those in control group. Peg-shaped lateral incisors were significantly more frequent in the study group (P &lt; .001). Conclusions: The transverse width of the DS was larger than that of the NDS. Both sides were generally smaller than those of the control group. Tooth size in the DS was comparable to that in the NDS but smaller than those of the control group. A missing or peg-shaped lateral incisor was the most common reported anomaly.

scholarly journals Dental Arch Dimensions in Subjects with Beta-thalassemia Major

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Othman M Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
Beta Thalassemia Major ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Aim Thalassemia is a group of inherited hemoglobinopathies with thalassemia major representing the severe form of the disease characterized by craniofacial deformities. The aim of this study is to provide a detailed description of dental arch dimensions in subjects with thalassemia major. Subjects and methods The sample consisted of 43 thalassemic subjects, 24 males and19 females, aged 7.3 to 15.4 years (mean ± SD = 10.6 ± 3.5 years) and control group matched by age and sex. Dental casts of the participants were measured for arch lengths, arch widths, using a digital sliding caliper. Student t-test was used for comparison of mean values between males and females as well as between thalassemic and control groups. Results The results show that all means of maxillary and mandibular arch dimensions in thalassemic males and females were smaller than their controls, with 14 of the 16 comparisons being statistically significant (ranged from p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The segmental arch lengths in the maxilla and mandible of thalassemic group were reduced by an average of 2.59 and 2.55 mm respectively, compared with the control group. The mean maxillary and mandibular arch depths (lengths) in the thalassemic group were shorter by 3.21 and 2.63 mm respectively, relative to the controls (p < 0.001). All arch widths thalassemic patients were significantly reduced by an average ranged from 1.33 to 1.90 mm in the maxilla and 1.37 to 1.77 mm in the mandible. Conclusion The present study showed that the maxillary and mandibular dental arches dimensions are significantly reduced in patients with thalassemia major compared with healthy control subjects. Clinical significance Changes in the size of dental arches and tooth dimensions in thalassemic patients have an impact on the occlusal relationships. These changes should be taken into account when planning orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. How to cite this article Hattab FN, Yassin OM. Dental Arch Dimensions in Subjects with Beta-thalassemia Major. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):429-433.

scholarly journals Estimation of efficiency of remineralizative therapy in children of primary school age with a high level of intensity of dental caries

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
I.V. Ruda ◽  
E.P. Dуdik ◽  
T.V. Chugu ◽  
Y.I. Rudyi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Dental Hard Tissue ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues

The purpose of our study was to determine the intensity of dental caries and the level of oral hygiene in boys and girls, depending on age and conducting remineralizative therapy in the observed group of children with the aim of prevention of dental caries. The study was carried out with the informed consent of parents of examining children. We carried out dental examination of 60 schoolchildren in Vinnytsya, aged 6–8 years old, who were divided into two even groups, near 30 persons in evey group who was provided remineralizative therapy of dental hard tissue using the preparation “Bifluorid 10” VOCO (Germany). In the article the clinical discussion of high efficiency of preventive remineralizative therapy of dental hard tissues in children 6-8 years is presented. According to the results of the primary examination in the observed children, it was found that the average of oral hygiene index of Fedorova-Volodkina was 2.3±0.16 scores in the main group and 2.31±0.13 scores in the control group, which indicates an unsatisfactory level of oral hygiene in both groups. Dental caries was determined in 100% of cases among the examined children, caries intensity indexes DMFT+df were corresponded to 5.57±1.04 in the main group and 5.7±0.95 in the control group. The intensity of the color of the TER-test in the basic observation was — 3.88±0.75 in the main group and 4.19±0.91 the control group. The oral hygiene index slightly increased after 12 months of research. In children of the main group it was 1.52±0.12 and 1.58±0.15 in the control group, which corresponds to satisfactory oral hygiene. However, in general, during the period of our investigation, the oral hygiene index was significantly improved in comparing to the primary scores on 33.9% in the main group and on 31.64% in the control group. The index of growth of caries intensity was — 7 (23%) in the control group and in the main group — 1 (3.3%) in the main one. The parameters of the TER test were within the range of 2.1±0.3 scores in the basic and 3.93±0.7 scores in the control groups, which corresponds to the improvement of the mineralization of the dental hard tissue (p <0.05). Consequently, the problem of high dental caries intensity and caries prevalence of primary and permanent teeth suggests about cariogenic situation in the oral cavity of children during the period of the eruption of the first permanent molars. Professional oral hygiene, the formation of regular oral hygienic habits, deep fluoridation using the Bifluorid 10 VOCO (Germany), not only improve the oral hygiene status, but also reduce the growth index of dental caries and have a high efficiency of prevention of dental caries.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity against Oral Pathogens Confirms the Use of Musa paradisiaca Fruit Stalk in Ethnodentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ernest Owusu-Boadi ◽  
Mainprice Akuoko Essuman ◽  
Gabriel Mensah ◽  
Emmanuel Ayamba Ayimbissa ◽  
Alex Boye
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Background. Ethnodentistry is the use of indigenous oral cleansing agents such as plant parts by local folks not only to maintain oral hygiene but also to treat oral infections. Mostly, ethnodentistry is inspired by traditions and belief systems of local communities. Musa paradisiaca is extensively cultivated and used in many cultures for its nutritional and medicinal values. In Ghana, the fruit stalk of Musa paradisiaca is used as an oral cleansing agent to maintain oral hygiene; yet this folk claim remains to be ascertained scientifically. Objective. The study assessed the antibacterial and antifungal effects of three extract fractions (aqueous, ethanol, and ethyl acetate fractions) of Musa paradisiaca fruit stalk against Lactobacillus acidophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Candida albicans, common oral pathogens implicated in dental caries and periodontitis. Materials and Methods. Aqueous, ethanol, and ethyl acetate fractions of Musa paradisiaca fruit stalk were prepared by cold maceration and qualitatively screened for their phytochemical composition. Antimicrobial effects of the three extract fractions were assessed by using serial broth dilutions at increasing concentrations (62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/ml) and compared to standard antimicrobial agents (erythromycin, doxycycline, and fluconazole). Subsequently, the absorbances of the microbial suspensions treated with increasing concentrations of the extract fractions were measured at 450 nm, and the cell densities were determined. Results. Except for the aqueous extract, which was less effective in decreasing microbial growth, the ethyl acetate and the ethanol extract fractions demonstrated antimicrobial efficacies comparable to those of the standard drugs. All three extract fractions demonstrated concentration-dependent growth inhibitory effects on the tested oral pathogens although not as effective as the standard drugs used. Conclusion. Musa paradisiaca fruit stalk has demonstrated antimicrobial effects against Lactobacillus acidophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Candida albicans, common oral pathogens implicated in dental caries and periodontitis, and this finding confirms in part folk use of Musa paradisiaca fruit stalk as a traditional dental care agent. Thus, the fruit stalk of Musa paradisiaca could be explored for use as a cheap and readily available dental care agent for people entrapped in the poverty line.

scholarly journals Bronchial Asthma and Dental Caries Risk: Results from a Case Control Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Mehta ◽  
Peter Simon Sequeira ◽  
Ramesh Chandra Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Aim The present study was conducted with the objective of assessing the dental caries status of asthmatic patients in the age group of 11-25 years and to examine the possible association of these conditions to various aspects of bronchial asthma and its management. Methods and Materials The present study was conducted on 80 asthmatic patients receiving treatment at the KMC Hospital, Mangalore, India. They were examined for their caries status, and the scores were compared with an age, sex, and socioeconomic status matched group of 80 non-asthmatic patients as controls. The mean age of asthmatics was 17.4 (±4.3) years and mean duration of asthma was 17.69 (±7.66) months. Results The results showed a significantly higher prevalence of caries among asthmatic patients as compared to the matched control group as well as a positive correlation between the duration of asthma and the caries indices. Conclusion There is a need to create awareness among dental practitioners regarding the increased caries risk of asthmatic patients. Clinical Significance Special preventive and educational measures will be required to prevent caries and other oral diseases in asthmatic patients. Citation Mehta A, Sequeira PS, Sahoo RM. Bronchial Asthma and Dental Caries Risk: Results from a Case Control Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:059-066.

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