Restrictions on ultra-processed foods: challenge for compliance with World Trade Organization commitments

The health problems, due to obesity and overweight (NCD), which cross the countries worldwide faces the challenge of applying different measures and restrictions, and at the same time raises the question whether these measures and restrictions are compatible with WTO and other commitments. Nowadays trade restrictions should not be justified based only on the industry process but rather in the ingredients and quality of those food contents, when the critical nutrients ingredients exceed a healthy threshold. The justification for the restrictive measures of the SPS agreement has been applied both in food labelling formats and in other formats, to address NDCs and whether similar restrictions can be applied to ultra-processed foods, such as those that have been applied in the past to the tobacco consumption, without breaking commitments.

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Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010008170x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 168-169

Author(s):

K. T. Tokuyasu

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Water Surface ◽

Thin Layers ◽

The Other ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Frozen Sections ◽

The Past ◽

Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽

Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

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Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure

US Cardiology Review ◽

10.15420/usc.2012.9.1.57 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 57-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gina G Mentzer ◽

Alex J Auseon

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Pharmacologic Therapy ◽

The Past ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Future Therapy

Heart failure (HF) affects more than 5 million people and has an increasing incidence and cost burden. Patients note symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue that result in a decreased quality of life, which has not drastically improved over the past decades despite advances in therapies. The assessment of exercise capacity can provide information regarding patient diagnosis and prognosis, while doubling as a potential future therapy. clinically, there is acceptance that exercise is safe in hf and can have a positive impact on morbidity and quality of life, although evidence for improvement in mortality is still lacking. specific prescriptions for exercise training have not been developed because many variables and confounding factors have prevented research trials from demonstrating an ideal regimen. Physicians are becoming more aware of the indices and goals for hf patients in exercise testing and therapy to provide comprehensive cardiac care. it is further postulated that a combination of exercise training and pharmacologic therapy may eventually provide the most benefits to those suffering from hf.

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Bioethics In Neurospinal Patient Care

Neurologico Spinale Medico Chirurgico ◽

10.15562/nsmc.v1i2.79 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Andi Asadul Islam

Keyword(s):

Time Frame ◽

Hippocratic Oath ◽

Moral Vision ◽

Human Identity ◽

The Past ◽

Harvey Cushing ◽

Sharp Focus ◽

Realistic Approach ◽

Cord Injury

Neurosurgery is among the newest of surgical disciplines, appearing in its modern incarnation at the dawn of twentieth century with the work of Harvey Cushing and contemporaries. Neurosurgical ethics involves challenges of manipulating anatomical locus of human identity and concerns of surgeons and patients who find themselves bound together in that venture.In recent years, neurosurgery ethics has taken on greater relevance as changes in society and technology have brought novel questions into sharp focus. Change of expanded armamentarium of techniques for interfacing with the human brain and spine— demand that we use philosophical reasoning to assess merits of technical innovations.Bioethics can be defined as systematic study of moral challenges in medicine, including moral vision, decisions, conduct, and policies related to medicine. Every surgeon should still take the Hippocratic Oath seriously and consider it a basic guide to follow good medical ethics in medical practice. It is simple and embodies three of the four modern bioethics principles – Respecting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition often affecting young and healthy individuals around the world. Currently, scientists are pressured on many fronts to develop an all-encompassing “cure” for paralysis. While scientific understanding of central nervous system (CNS) regeneration has advanced greatly in the past years, there are still many unknowns with regard to inducing successful regeneration. A more realistic approach is required if we are interested in improving the quality of life of a large proportion of the paralyzed population in a more expedient time frame.

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Menopausal hormone therapy and uterine cancer: the acceptability of the tandem

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/20795696.2018.6.180113 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 42-47

Author(s):

O V Yakushevskaya ◽

S V Yureneva ◽

A E Protasova ◽

G N Khabas ◽

M R Dumanovskaya

Keyword(s):

Hormone Therapy ◽

Uterine Cancer ◽

Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽

Medical Rehabilitation ◽

Cytostatic Treatment ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Strict Adherence ◽

Patient Profile ◽

The Past

The aim of the work is to conduct a systematic analysis of the available research results on the possibility of using menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in patients who successfully completed the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and methods. The review includes data from foreign articles published in PubMed and Medline, and domestic works published on elibrary.ru over the past 40 years. Results. The results obtained allow us to consider MHT as an independent method of medical rehabilitation for women who have undergone EC. A clear patient profile should be established, allowing the use of this method, with strict adherence to health monitoring. Conclusion Patients who have successfully completed the treatment of EC require the creation of special rehabilitation conditions in the interests of maintaining health and quality of life and should be under the close attention of the doctor. Argumented approaches to the appointment of MHT in such patients will avoid complications associated with estrogen deficiency after surgery, radiation with or without systemic (cytostatic) treatment methods.

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YEAR 2020: ON THE REMAINING REPRODUCTIVE THREATS AND THEIR NEUTRALIZATION ON THE WAYS TO IMPROVE STRATEGIC PLANNING AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY, THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AND ITS SECTORAL AND REGIONAL SUBSYSTEMS

Russian Economic Journal ◽

10.33983/0130-9757-2020-1-3-53 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 3-53

Author(s):

Yu.B. Vinslav

Keyword(s):

Strategic Planning ◽

Industrial Policy ◽

Innovation System ◽

Poor Quality ◽

National Innovation System ◽

State Regulation ◽

Industrial Complex ◽

The Past ◽

Technological Modernization

The article analyzes the main indicators of the evolution of the domestic economy and its industrial complex in the past year (in January — November 2019). It Identifies trends in this evolution, including negative trends that determine the preservation of reproductive threats in 2020: sluggishness, instability and low quality of economic growth. The main reasons for the fact that the objective resource capabilities of the macro level were clearly not used enough to effectively solve the urgent problems of technological modernization of the economy and increase people’s welfare are established. The main reason is the poor quality of public administration, including imperfect strategic planning and industrial policy; there is still no modern national innovation system in the country. Accordingly, recommendations for improving the quality of state regulation in its specified components are justified. The recommended measures, according to the author, will help the economy to move to a trajectory of rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth.

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“The Past, Present, and Future of Accounting History”: A Comment on the State of Accounting History

Accounting Historians Journal ◽

10.2308/aahj-2020-002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 89-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Garry D. Carnegie

Keyword(s):

English Language ◽

Research Field ◽

The State ◽

International Accounting ◽

Scholarly Research ◽

Recent Contribution ◽

Global Society ◽

Accounting History ◽

The Past

ABSTRACT This response to the recent contribution by Matthews (2019) entitled “The Past, Present, and Future of Accounting History” specifically deals with the issues associated with concentrating on counting publication numbers in examining the state of a scholarly research field at the start of the 2020s. It outlines several pitfalls with the narrowly focused publications count analysis, in selected English language journals only, as provided by Matthews. The commentary is based on three key arguments: (1) accounting history research and publication is far more than a “numbers game”; (2) trends in the quality of the research undertaken and published are paramount; and (3) international publication and accumulated knowledge in accounting history are indeed more than a collection of English language publications. The author seeks to contribute to discussion and debate between accounting historians and other researchers for the benefit and development of the international accounting history community and global society.

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Sleep in western culture

10.1093/oso/9780198778240.003.0018 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roger Ekirch

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Western Culture ◽

The Past ◽

Predominant Form ◽

Artificial Illumination ◽

Illness Anxiety

Although a universal necessity, sleep, as the past powerfully indicates, is not a biological constant. Before the Industrial Revolution, sleep in western households differed in a variety of respects from that of today. Arising chiefly from a dearth of artificial illumination, the predominant form of sleep was segmented, consisting of two intervals of roughly 3 hours apiece bridged by up to an hour or so of wakefulness. Notwithstanding steps taken by families to preserve the tranquillity of their slumber, the quality of pre-industrial sleep was poor, owing to illness, anxiety, and environmental vexations. Large portions of the labouring population almost certainly suffered from sleep deprivation. Despite the prevalence of sleep-onset insomnia, awakening in the middle of the night was thought normal. Not until the turn of the nineteenth century and sleep’s consolidation did physicians view segmented sleep as a disorder requiring medication.

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Evaluating Qualitative Research

10.1093/oso/9780199330010.001.0001 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jeasik Cho

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Large Scale ◽

Academic Research ◽

Research Community ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Journal Articles ◽

Journal Editors ◽

The Past ◽

Grant Proposals

This book provides the qualitative research community with some insight on how to evaluate the quality of qualitative research. This topic has gained little attention during the past few decades. We, qualitative researchers, read journal articles, serve on masters’ and doctoral committees, and also make decisions on whether conference proposals, manuscripts, or large-scale grant proposals should be accepted or rejected. It is assumed that various perspectives or criteria, depending on various paradigms, theories, or fields of discipline, have been used in assessing the quality of qualitative research. Nonetheless, until now, no textbook has been specifically devoted to exploring theories, practices, and reflections associated with the evaluation of qualitative research. This book constructs a typology of evaluating qualitative research, examines actual information from websites and qualitative journal editors, and reflects on some challenges that are currently encountered by the qualitative research community. Many different kinds of journals’ review guidelines and available assessment tools are collected and analyzed. Consequently, core criteria that stand out among these evaluation tools are presented. Readers are invited to join the author to confidently proclaim: “Fortunately, there are commonly agreed, bold standards for evaluating the goodness of qualitative research in the academic research community. These standards are a part of what is generally called ‘scientific research.’ ”

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Different Types of Auricular Keloids and Treatment by Intralesional Cryosurgery: Best Practice for Obtaining Long-Lasting Clinical Results

Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000514954 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Yaron Har-Shai ◽

Lior Har-Shai ◽

Viktor A. Zouboulis ◽

Christos C. Zouboulis

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Body Image ◽

Recurrence Rate ◽

Best Practice ◽

Clinical Results ◽

Psychosocial Impact ◽

Aesthetic Outcome ◽

The Past ◽

Different Types

Background: Auricular keloids belong to the most perplexing medical conditions, which have significant psychosocial impact on the patient’s body image and quality of life. Summary: The article is purposed to provide dermatologists and plastic surgeons with the best proven practice using intralesional cryosurgery for the treatment of the different auricular keloid types in order to obtain superior clinical results by minimizing the probability of recurrence. In the past 20 years, the authors have developed novel procedures in order to increase the effectiveness of intralesional cryosurgery on auricular keloids, including hydrodissection, warm gauze technique, and excision of dangling skin. Long-lasting clinical results with a low recurrence rate and a satisfactory aesthetic outcome are achieved with no deformation of the ear framework.

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Multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound for COVID-19 (PoCUS4COVID): international expert consensus

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/s13054-020-03369-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Arif Hussain ◽

Gabriele Via ◽

Lawrence Melniker ◽

Alberto Goffi ◽

Guido Tavazzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Ultrasound ◽

Expert Panel ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Expert Consensus ◽

Future Research ◽

Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽

The Past ◽

Modified Delphi ◽

Grade Methodology

AbstractCOVID-19 has caused great devastation in the past year. Multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) including lung ultrasound (LUS) and focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) as a clinical adjunct has played a significant role in triaging, diagnosis and medical management of COVID-19 patients. The expert panel from 27 countries and 6 continents with considerable experience of direct application of PoCUS on COVID-19 patients presents evidence-based consensus using GRADE methodology for the quality of evidence and an expedited, modified-Delphi process for the strength of expert consensus. The use of ultrasound is suggested in many clinical situations related to respiratory, cardiovascular and thromboembolic aspects of COVID-19, comparing well with other imaging modalities. The limitations due to insufficient data are highlighted as opportunities for future research.

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