Assessment of the Protective Effects of Vitamin C and E on Cypermethrin-induced Nephrotoxicity and Electrolyte Imbalance in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Johnson Oladele ◽  
Omowumi Adewale ◽  
Olu Oyewole ◽  
Abiola Gbolagbade ◽  
Moses Oyeleke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Cypermethrin is a potent pyrethroids insecticide causing different pathological features when exposed to mammal. Vitamins are used as nutrient supplements and in clinical studies as medical intervention in some disease conditions. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of vitamin C and E on Cypermethrin induced nephrotoxicity in wistar albino rats. Twenty-eight (28) wistar albino rats were sorted into four groups of seven rats per groups were used in this study. Group A serves as the control and received distilled water orally. Group B, C and D were administered 25mg/kg body weight cypermethrin orally. Group C and D were treated daily with 40mg/kg body weight vitamin C and 20mg/kg body weight vitamin E respectively by oral administration while group B was left untreated for 14 days. Cypermethrin significantly (P<0.05) induced nephrotoxicity as characterized with significant increased (P<0.05) in the serum levels of Urea, uric acid and creatinine. It also caused significant decrease (P<0.05) in renal total protein, albumin and globulin. Exposure to Cypermethrin induced electrolyte imbalance in rats with significant increase in serum chloride ion, potassium ion and significant decrease in serum level of sodium ion and bicarbonates. Histological results revealed that cypermethrin caused distortion in histoarchitecture of the kidney characterized by lesion of glomerulus, damaged Bowman’s capsule, degenerated and vacuolated renal tubules. Taken together, vitamin C and E significantly reverse all these alterations and offer protection to the kidney membrane.

scholarly journals Effect of Cleome gynandra leaf extract on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of wistar albino rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1385-1394
Author(s):  
Lemuel Ann Monima ◽  
Muhammad Buhari ◽  
Sodiq Lawal ◽  
Echoru Isaac ◽  
Ssempijja Fred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cleome Gynandra ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Cleome gynandra is a medicinal plant that is used all over Uganda to hasten childbirth because, it possesses the ability to contract the uterus. It is also used as an abortifacient in the first trimester. In this study, the effects of Cleome gynandra were investigated on the estrous cycle and the histology of the ovary and uterus of adult Wistar rat. Twelve adult female Wistar rats of 130-140g average weight were used. These were divided into three groups of four animals each. Group A received distilled water only, while animals in groups B and C received 250mg/kg body weight and 500mg/kg body weight of extract, orally and daily respectively. Monitoring of estrous cycle continued throughout the three weeks of extract administration. After three weeks, the ovaries and uteri were excised and processed for histological examination. In the ovary, there was a reduction in number of primordia, primary, secondary and graafian follicles in the treated groups. Vacuolations were common to both the ovarian and uterine tissues of treated animals. The estrous cycle of Group B and C, showed a mild disruption when compared to animals in Group A. The results showed that the plant extract studied, exerted negative influences on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of Wistar albino rats, suggesting a disturbance on the reproductive health of the animals. Further studies to determine the mechanism of action of Cleome gynandra on the ovary and uterus and the levels of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone is recommended.Key Words: Cleome gynandra, estrous cycle, Wistar albino rats, ovarian follicles.

scholarly journals Protective effects of vitamin E on central nervous system in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Canbaz Kabay ◽  
Hilmi Ozden ◽  
Gul Guven ◽  
M Cengiz Ustuner ◽  
Irfan Degirmenci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: To evaluate the histopathological and antioxidant effects of vitamin E (VE) treatment on brain tissue in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty two male Wistar albino rats were used. The study comprised four groups of 8 rats: Group A - untreated group, group B - diabetic group, group C - VE and group D - diabetic plus VE. In the diabetic groups, diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg STZ. Vitamin E was given 50 mg/kg/day i.p. for three weeks. Concentrations of glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were detected in the haemolysate. Results: Glucose concentrations were increased in the blood of the STZ-treated rats compared with those in the diabetic groups (group B and D). The MDA concentrations in the brain from diabetic rats increased, whereas the GPx, SOD, CAT concentrations decreased. Treatment with VE returned concentrations of MDA, GPx, SOD and CAT toward control values. The MDA concentration in the diabetic group (20.65±2.24 nmol/mg Hb) was decreased compared with the VE treated group (15.54±1.32 nmol/mg Hb). There were no pathological differences between untreated and VE treated rats’ brains. Neuronal ischemic damages were determined in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Ischemic neuronal alterations in group B (diabetic) had more damage than group D (diabetic + VE). Conclusion: The study revealed neuroprotective effects of VE on ischemic damage in diabetic central neuronal cells, caused by diabetic oxidative stress.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF FLAX SEED OIL ON BODY WEIGHT CHANGES CAUSED BY CAFFEINATED ENERGY DRINK IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Afifa Waseem ◽  
Muhammad Sohail ◽  
Tayyaba Muzaffar ◽  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
Hadia Zulfiqar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Flax Seed ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Flax seed oil has proven dynamic multi systemic effects since ancient times. Consumption of caffeinated energy drinks has also been increased among youth in order to increase mental and physical performance. Due to their widespread usage, hazardous effects on various systems of human body have been reported.    Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the protective effects of flax seed oil on caffeinated energy drink induced changes in adult male albino rat body weight. Place & Duration of Study: This study was conducted in  FPGMI, Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore for 8 weeks. Material & methods: 32 adult male albino rats average weight (250-300g) were randomly divided into four groups of 8 animals each. Group A (Control) received corn oil 5ml/kg body weight by gavage in addition to basal diet daily for 8 weeks. Group B (Experimental) were fed on caffeinated energy drink (15ml/kg body weight) and corn oil (5ml/kg body weight). Group C (Experimental) received caffeinated energy drink (15ml/kg body weight) and 40% of flax seed oil (5ml/kg body weight), while group D (Experimental) received caffeinated energy drink(15ml/kg body weight)  and 60% flax seed oil (5ml/kg body weight) daily for 8 weeks respectively. The animals were weighed before and after experiment.  Results: The mean body weight of rats before experiment was insignificant (p = 0.945). After experiment the mean body weight of experimental group B, C and D was increased as compared to control group A, but statistically it was insignificant ( p = 0.319) however, percentage body weight gain was significant( p = 0.003). Conclusion: Flax seed oil alleviated altered body weight caused by caffeinated energy drink in adult male albino rats

scholarly journals Effect of Oyster mushroom in Paracetamol Induced Toxicity of Liver in Wistar albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Afroza Khanam Sumy ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Abdul Mannan Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pleurotus Florida ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Backgroud: Liver is an important metabolic organ. It has wide range of functions including detoxification, storage of glycogen, vitamins A, D and B12, production of several coagulation factors, growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), angiotensinogen, and biochemicals necessary for digestion (bile). Its damage occurs due to its multidimensional functions, various xenobiotics and oxidative stress leading to distortion of all of its functions. Oyster mushroom which is excellently edible and nutritious has got free radical scavenging activity, and so may be considered as a hepatoprotective agent. Objective: To observe the hepatoprotective effect of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) against paracetamol induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2009 to 30th June 2010. Thirty four Wistar albino rats, aged 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 210 grams were used for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into two groups –– control group (Group A) and experimental group (Group B, mushroom-pretreated and paracetamol-treated group). Control group was again subdivided into Group A1 (baseline control group) and Group A2 (paracetamol-treated control group). Animals of all groups received basal diet for 30 consecutive days. In addition, Group A1 rats received propylene glycol (2 mL/kg body weight orally) only on 30th day, Group A2 rats received single dose of paracetamol suspension (750 mg/kg body weight orally) only on 30th day and Group B rats received mushroom extract (200 mg/kg body weight orally) for 30 consecutive days and paracetamol suspension (750 mg/kg body weight orally) only on 30th day. All the animals were sacrificed on 31st day. Then liver specimens were collected. Histology of liver was done by using standard laboratory procedure. Statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA test by using SPSS version 15.0. Result: In this study, histological examination of liver reveals abnormal histological findings in 100% of rats in paracetamol-treated group (Group A2), almost normal structure in 80% of rats and mild histological changes in 20% rats in mushroom-pretreated and paracetamol-treated group (Group B). Conclusion: The present study reveals the hepatoprotective effect of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) against paracetamol induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i3.20945 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(3): 161-167

scholarly journals Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Root Extract Against Gentamicin Induced Changes of Serum Urea and Creatinine Levels in Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Choudhury Shimmi ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Kidney is an important excretory organ. Its damage can be occurred due to prolonged use and higher doses of drugs, exposure to some chemicals, toxins, or infectious agents. Herbal plants as Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) may have free radical scavenging activity thereby can be used for the prevention and treatment of kidney damage. Objective: To observe the nephroprotective effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2010 to 30th June 2011. A total number of 35 Wistar albino rats, age ranged from 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 200 grams were included in this study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into control group (Group A) and experimental group (Group B). Control group was again subdivided into group A1 (baseline control, consisted of 10 rats) and group A2 (gentamicin treated control group, consisted of 10 rats). Again, experimental group (Group B- Ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group) consisted of 15 rats. All groups of animals received basal diet for 22 consecutive days. In addition to this, group A2 also received gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg /kg body weight/day) for the last eight (15th to 22nd day) consecutive days. Again, group B received ashwagandha root extract (500mg/kg body weight/ day; orally) for 22 consecutive days and gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg/kg body weight /day) for last eight (15th to 22nd day) days. All the animals were sacrificed on 23rd day. Then blood and kidney sample were collected. Estimation of serum urea, creatinine levels were done by using standard Laboratory kits. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable. Results: The mean serum urea, creatinine levels were significantly (p<0.001) higher in gentamicin treated control group in comparison to those of baseline control. Again, these levels were significantly (p<0.01) lower in ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group (experimental group) when compared to those of gentamicin treated group (control). Conclusion: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root may have some nephroprotective effect against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i2.9756 JBSP 2011 6(2): 84-89

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofTabernaemontana divaricata(L.) R. Br. against DEN and Fe NTA Induced Liver Necrosis in Wistar Albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannappan Poornima ◽  
Palanisamy Chella Perumal ◽  
Velliyur Kanniappan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Tabernaemontana Divaricata ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

This study is an attempt to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity ofTabernaemontana divaricataagainst DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis in rats. Ethanolic extract of the whole plant ofTabernaemontana divaricataat doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and 5-fluorouracil (standard drug) was orally administered to male Wistar Albino rats once daily for 24 weeks, simultaneously treated with the carcinogen DEN and Fe NTA. In simultaneously treated animals, the plant extract significantly decreased the levels of uric acid, bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP in serum and increased the levels of liver marker enzymes in liver. Treatment with the extracts resulted in a significant increase in the levels of antioxidants accompanied by a marked reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde when compared to DEN and Fe NTA treated group. When compared with 200 mg/kg bw rats, 400 mg/kg bw rats and 5-fluorouracil treated rats showed better results in all the parameters. The histopathological studies confirmed the protective effects of extract against DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis. Thus, it could be concluded that the use ofTabernaemontana divaricataextract in the treatment of carcinogen induced hepatic necrosis.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin E and Vitamin C on Mercury Induced Toxicity in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Huq ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
A Ghosh ◽  
AR Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Group B ◽  
Vitamin E And C

The present study was undertaken to find out the efficacy of vitamin E and/or vitamin C against mercury (Hg) induced toxicity in mice. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 5 equal groups (n=12). One group of mice (Group A) was kept as control and each of rest four groups (B, C, D and E) were fed with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in drinking water @ 65 mg/L. In addition to HgCl2 alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) @ 100 mg/L, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) @ 250 mg/L and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C at same dose were given to the mice of groups C, D and E respectively. All treatments were continued for 28 consecutive days. Four mice of each group were sacrificed on day 1, 14 and 28 and efficacy of vitamin E and vitamin C against Hg induced toxicity were evaluated by observing toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical parameters and postmortem lesions. Mild (++) toxic signs as evident by reduced feed and water intake, salivation, vomiting, excitement, muscle tremor, ataxia, restlessness, incordination and ruffled hair coat were observed from 2nd week (group B) and from 3rd week (group C and D) by intoxication with HgCl2. Significant (P<0.01) reduction of body weight (18.38%) and hematological parameters i.e. TEC (19.88%), TLC (27.89%), Hb content (34.09%) and PCV (9.15%) were observed at day 28 in HgCl2 induced intoxicated mice (group B). At identical period in same group biochemical parameters i.e. AST (46.99%) and ALT (58.72%) increased significantly (p<0.01). Pinpoint hemorrhages throughout the liver and highly (++++) congested kidney was also observed at post mortem (group B). All the parameters i.e. toxic signs, body weight, hemato-biochemical and post mortem lesions were found to be slight (+) or mild (++) and/or improved in rest three groups of mice following treatment with vitamin E, vitamin C and combination of vitamin E and vitamin C. The present study reveals that vitamin E and C have a protective role against Hg poisoning. However, combination of vitamin E and C gave better results.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16949 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 93 - 100, 2008

scholarly journals Protective effects of rosmarinic acid on sepsis-induced DNA damage in the liver of Wistar albino rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goktas Hatice ◽  
Bacanli Merve ◽  
Aydin Sevtap ◽  
Taner Gokce ◽  
Sahin Tolga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals Nephrotoxicological Effect of Water Soluble Fraction of Bonny Light Crude Oil in Wistar Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abraham, Chiedozie Nicholas ◽  
J. Udom, Godwin ◽  
C. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Light Crude Oil ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

This study evaluated the Nephrotoxic effect of water soluble fraction (WSF) of Bonny Light Crude Oil (BLCO). After preparation of the WSF and a range finding test, the Wistar albino rats were administered three concentrations (25%, 50% and 100%) of WSF of BLCO for 30 and 60days. Data from the study showed that Urea concentration increased significantly (p≤0.05) with increasing dose of BLCO ranging from 14.71 mg/dl in the control to 35.28 mg/dl in the 100% group after 30days and 14.28 mg/dl in the control to 41.08mg/dl in the 100% group after 60days, Creatinine concentration increased significantly (p≤0.05) from 0.22 mg/dl in the control to 0.82mg/dl in the 100% group after 60 days administration while electrolyte (Na, K, Cl) concentration increased significantly (p≤0.05) with increasing dose of BLCO after 60days administration. Histopathological examination of the kidney was characterized by partial partitioning of the glomerular tufts, obliteration of the Bowman’s capsule and distortion of the renal tubules. The findings in this research suggest that WSF of BLCO induced nephrotoxicity.

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