scholarly journals Effect of Cleome gynandra leaf extract on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of wistar albino rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1385-1394
Author(s):  
Lemuel Ann Monima ◽  
Muhammad Buhari ◽  
Sodiq Lawal ◽  
Echoru Isaac ◽  
Ssempijja Fred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cleome Gynandra ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Cleome gynandra is a medicinal plant that is used all over Uganda to hasten childbirth because, it possesses the ability to contract the uterus. It is also used as an abortifacient in the first trimester. In this study, the effects of Cleome gynandra were investigated on the estrous cycle and the histology of the ovary and uterus of adult Wistar rat. Twelve adult female Wistar rats of 130-140g average weight were used. These were divided into three groups of four animals each. Group A received distilled water only, while animals in groups B and C received 250mg/kg body weight and 500mg/kg body weight of extract, orally and daily respectively. Monitoring of estrous cycle continued throughout the three weeks of extract administration. After three weeks, the ovaries and uteri were excised and processed for histological examination. In the ovary, there was a reduction in number of primordia, primary, secondary and graafian follicles in the treated groups. Vacuolations were common to both the ovarian and uterine tissues of treated animals. The estrous cycle of Group B and C, showed a mild disruption when compared to animals in Group A. The results showed that the plant extract studied, exerted negative influences on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of Wistar albino rats, suggesting a disturbance on the reproductive health of the animals. Further studies to determine the mechanism of action of Cleome gynandra on the ovary and uterus and the levels of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone is recommended.Key Words: Cleome gynandra, estrous cycle, Wistar albino rats, ovarian follicles.

scholarly journals The effects of crude extract of Amaranthus hybridus (000059604) on reproductive parameters of the male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
M. O. Oyeyemi ◽  
V. B. Adedeji ◽  
A. M. Bankole
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Studies on Amaranthus hybridus (AH) have established its antioxidant properties. This study investigated the effects of AH on some reproductive parameters of forty-five sexually matured Albino rats (Wistar Strain) males. Amaranthus hybridus has been reported to have several protective and curative properties attributed majorly to strong antioxidant activity. They were randomly grouped into 3 with each group consisting of 15 rats. Group A received (per Os) Amaranthus hybridus (50mg/kg body weight) and group B had Amaranthus hybridus (100mg/kg body weight for 7 days. Group C (control) received distilled water for 7 days. Blood and semen samples were collected for analyses on day 1,8,15 and 22 post-treatments. The results showed that the sperm motility of group B in day 1, (2.00± 2.00%) rat was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than that of group C (26.00 ± 7.97%), whereas it was greatly improved in Group B (85.00 ± 4.47%) and Group A (60.00 ±4.47%) at the day 22 posttreatment. Livability of sperm cells were significantly higher (p < 0.5 0) in Group A (96.20±0.73%) and Group B (96.20±0.73%) compared to Group C (96.80±1.64%) at day 22 post-treatment. The histology of the testis of control and all treatment groups revealed normal testicular germinal epithelium full of viable spermatogenic cells. It is, therefore, concluded that Amaranthus hybridus extract given orally at 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg body weight, did not affect the normal cytoarchitecture of the testis and epididymis and can increase sperm production.

scholarly journals CELECOXIB

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Sadia Sundus ◽  
Nazia Qamar ◽  
Raheela Adil ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
General Architecture

Objective: To observe the absolute, relative weight of kidney and body weightof albino rats on celecoxib induced kidney with protection by lycopene. Study Design:Experimental study. Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted in BMSI (Anatomydepartment), JPMC, Karachi, from 4th May 2015 to 3rd June 2015. Materials and Methods: Fortyhealthy adult, male Albino rats, 90-120 days old, weighing 200-220gm was taken for the study.The rats were divided into 4 groups, Group A was control group, Group B receive Celecoxib 50mg/kg body weight orally, Group C receive Celecoxib 50 mg/kg body weight orally along withlycopene50 mg/kg body weight orally and Group D receive lycopene 50 mg/kg body weightorally for 30 days. At the end of study rats were sacrificed and renal tissue sections were stainedwith hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Markedly decreased weight was observed in rats takingcelecoxib. Slides which were stained with hematoxylin and eosinshowed general architecture ofrenal parenchyma, shape and arrangement of epithelial cells. Apoptosis, hemorrhage, necrosisand vacuolation seen in Celecoxib group, whereas renal architecture were ameliorated andreverted back in celecoxib along with lycopene receiving group. Conclusion: This studyconcludes that lycopene restored the body weight, absolute and relative kidney weight incelecoxib treated group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of wound healing potentials of neem (Azadirachtaindica) leaf extract on excision wounds in Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Olorunsola ◽  
F. Oke ◽  
A. S. Bagbe ◽  
O. A. Ayeyinbo
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Wound Closure ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Orthodox Medicine ◽  
Procaine Penicillin ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

This study was carried out to evaluate the wound healing ability of ethanoic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica, incorporated into the feed of albino rats. Twenty-four (24) albino rats of both sexes weighing between 90 to 125g were randomly selected and divided into three (3) groups of 8 rats each. Animals in each group were divided into four (4) replicates of two (2) rats per replicate. Group A had penicillin, group B had neem ointment and group C had Neem incorporated in the feed. The ethanoic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica showed a significantly higher (p<0.05) contraction rate and shortened wound closure time. The healing was 92% (p<0.05) on 10th day compared to 75% and 82% of healing with ground leaf of A. indica incorporated into the feed (neem + feed) and procaine penicillin, respectively. The complete wound closure took place on the 12th day in the case of ethanoic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica while, neem + feed and procaine penicillin the wounds persisted than12th day. The study concluded that the ethanoic leaf extract of A. indica had better potential wound healing activity for excision wounds; justifying its use in the traditional and orthodox medicine.

scholarly journals Amelioration of Diabetic Nephropathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats by Acacia catechu Leaves Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Prima D’souza ◽  
Rajendra Holla ◽  
Gangadhara Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Acacia Catechu

Abstract Objective The present study was performed to evaluate the ethanolic extract of leaves of Acacia catechu (A. catechu) for its effect on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) and its renal complications in male Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods Male Wistar albino rats were grouped into control (A), STZ-induced DM (B), STZ-induced DM rats with A. catechu orally of 75 mg/kg body weight (kbw) for 35 days (C), with each group having six rats (n = 6) weighing between 200 to 250 g each. Group A receives only water, orally; group B receives a single dose of STZ at 45 mg/kbw intraperitoneal administration (IP); group C receives STZ IP and oral A. catechu for 35 days. On the 36th day, animals were euthanized, the kidney tissues were analyzed for biochemical parameters, such as GOT (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamic pyruvic transaminase), oxidative stress assessment parameters, and histopathological studies. Results In group C rats, activities of the enzymes were nearer to group A when compared with group B. Histopathological findings were also suggesting that renal toxicity were observed at a lesser extent in group C. Conclusion The ethanolic extract of A. catechu signified as nephroprotective effect. The present data could provide adequate confirmation of the efficacy of ethanolic extract of leaves of A. catechu for further experimental studies on a standardized formulation.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF FLAX SEED OIL ON BODY WEIGHT CHANGES CAUSED BY CAFFEINATED ENERGY DRINK IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Afifa Waseem ◽  
Muhammad Sohail ◽  
Tayyaba Muzaffar ◽  
Javaid Iqbal ◽  
Hadia Zulfiqar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Flax Seed ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Flax seed oil has proven dynamic multi systemic effects since ancient times. Consumption of caffeinated energy drinks has also been increased among youth in order to increase mental and physical performance. Due to their widespread usage, hazardous effects on various systems of human body have been reported.    Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the protective effects of flax seed oil on caffeinated energy drink induced changes in adult male albino rat body weight. Place & Duration of Study: This study was conducted in  FPGMI, Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore for 8 weeks. Material & methods: 32 adult male albino rats average weight (250-300g) were randomly divided into four groups of 8 animals each. Group A (Control) received corn oil 5ml/kg body weight by gavage in addition to basal diet daily for 8 weeks. Group B (Experimental) were fed on caffeinated energy drink (15ml/kg body weight) and corn oil (5ml/kg body weight). Group C (Experimental) received caffeinated energy drink (15ml/kg body weight) and 40% of flax seed oil (5ml/kg body weight), while group D (Experimental) received caffeinated energy drink(15ml/kg body weight)  and 60% flax seed oil (5ml/kg body weight) daily for 8 weeks respectively. The animals were weighed before and after experiment.  Results: The mean body weight of rats before experiment was insignificant (p = 0.945). After experiment the mean body weight of experimental group B, C and D was increased as compared to control group A, but statistically it was insignificant ( p = 0.319) however, percentage body weight gain was significant( p = 0.003). Conclusion: Flax seed oil alleviated altered body weight caused by caffeinated energy drink in adult male albino rats

scholarly journals Effects of Moringa oleifera lam. Leaf Powder on Bifidobacteria and Escherichia coli in the Gut of Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. O. Gbadebo ◽  
O. T. Okareh ◽  
A. A. Ogunjobi ◽  
A. O. Dada
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Animal House

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the effects of dried Moringa oleifera leaves on Bifidobacteria and Escherichia coli in the gut of albino rats. Location: The rats were habituated under laboratory conditions at the animal house of the Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, for two weeks in other to adapt to the environmental conditions during the experiment. Duration of Study: The rats were exposed to the M. oleifera feed for four weeks. Design of Study: There were five groups in all. The 5 to 6 weeks old rats were fed with M. oleifera powder supplement except for the control groups. Methods: No supplement of M. oleifera feed was administered to group A while group B received streptomycin antibiotics. Groups C, D and E received dried leaf supplement of M. oleifera (DMO) 1.25 g/kg body weight (2.5%), 2.5 g/kg body weight (5%) and 5.0 g/kg body weight (10%) respectively. Results: E.coli counts increased from 2.3*104 to 2.6*104 colony-forming units per gram (cfu/g) in group E, from 2.2*104 to 3.0*10 cfu/g in group B; but reduced from 4.1*104 to 3.7*104 cfu/g in group D and from 5.4*104 to 3.9*104 cfu/g in group C between day 20 and day 28. As from day 8, the isolates from the non-control groups were resistant to the M. oleifera extract except E. coli isolates in both 5% and 10% M. oleifera groups on day 8 with 6 mm zone of inhibition each. The rate of Bifidobacteria viable counts increase in group E was expressed as P = 0.05 at the beginning of the experiment, unlike E.coli counts where there was a decrease. Conclusion: The M. oleifera leaf alters the microbiota in the gut, a situation which sends impulses to the brain. Thus, the M. oleifera leaf powder is a potential prebiotic for probiotics like Bifidobacteria, and as well as induce changes in the gut-brain axis.

scholarly journals Histological Changes in Proximal and Distal Convoluted Tubules of Kidney of Albino Rats after Exposure to Mosquito Coil Smoke Inhalation

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4 (oct 2020 - dec 2020)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Siddique ◽  
Masooma Ahmed ◽  
Maria Ilyas ◽  
Rukhsana Jabeen ◽  
Abdul Hannan Jawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mosquito Coil ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the mosquito coil smoke (MCS) inhalation on histology of proximal (PCT) and distal (DCT) convoluted tubules of kidney in Wistar Albino rats. Methods: This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of PGMI, Lahore. 24 Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, each containing eight animals. Group A was control; Group B and C were experimental groups and were exposed to mosquito coil smoke inhalation for 8 hours/day for two and four weeks respectively. Kidney tissue of albino rats was dissected, examined and analyzed histologically. Results: The results of MCS inhalation in histological sections of group B and C showed marked cellular necrosis and vacuolization in PCT (proximal convoluted tubule) of the kidney as compared to the group A. protein cast was absent in PCT of all groups. DCT (distal convoluted tubules) in group B and C showed marked necrosis, vacuolization and protein cast. Necrosis was more marked in group C treated with mosquito coil smoke for 4 weeks. Conclusion: The results indicate that pyrethroids in mosquito coil smoke though considered least toxic pesticides, are very harmful. Exposure of pyrethroids can induce adverse changes in tubules of kidney. Key Words: MCS Mosquito Coil Smoke, Pyrethroids, PCT Proximal convoluted tubules, DCT Distal convoluted tubules. How to Cite: Siddique N, Ahmed M, Ilyas M, Jabeen R, Jawad A.H, Iqbal Z. histological changes in proximal and distal convoluted tubules of kidney of albino rats after exposure to mosquito coil smoke inhalation. Esculapio.2020;16(04):87-91.

scholarly journals Effect of Oyster mushroom in Paracetamol Induced Toxicity of Liver in Wistar albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Afroza Khanam Sumy ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Abdul Mannan Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pleurotus Florida ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Backgroud: Liver is an important metabolic organ. It has wide range of functions including detoxification, storage of glycogen, vitamins A, D and B12, production of several coagulation factors, growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), angiotensinogen, and biochemicals necessary for digestion (bile). Its damage occurs due to its multidimensional functions, various xenobiotics and oxidative stress leading to distortion of all of its functions. Oyster mushroom which is excellently edible and nutritious has got free radical scavenging activity, and so may be considered as a hepatoprotective agent. Objective: To observe the hepatoprotective effect of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) against paracetamol induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2009 to 30th June 2010. Thirty four Wistar albino rats, aged 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 210 grams were used for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into two groups –– control group (Group A) and experimental group (Group B, mushroom-pretreated and paracetamol-treated group). Control group was again subdivided into Group A1 (baseline control group) and Group A2 (paracetamol-treated control group). Animals of all groups received basal diet for 30 consecutive days. In addition, Group A1 rats received propylene glycol (2 mL/kg body weight orally) only on 30th day, Group A2 rats received single dose of paracetamol suspension (750 mg/kg body weight orally) only on 30th day and Group B rats received mushroom extract (200 mg/kg body weight orally) for 30 consecutive days and paracetamol suspension (750 mg/kg body weight orally) only on 30th day. All the animals were sacrificed on 31st day. Then liver specimens were collected. Histology of liver was done by using standard laboratory procedure. Statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA test by using SPSS version 15.0. Result: In this study, histological examination of liver reveals abnormal histological findings in 100% of rats in paracetamol-treated group (Group A2), almost normal structure in 80% of rats and mild histological changes in 20% rats in mushroom-pretreated and paracetamol-treated group (Group B). Conclusion: The present study reveals the hepatoprotective effect of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) against paracetamol induced liver damage in Wistar albino rats. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i3.20945 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(3): 161-167

scholarly journals TESTICULAR VOLUME

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1356-1361
Author(s):  
Hina Khan ◽  
Mazhur-Ul- Haque ◽  
Muhammad Rafique ◽  
Asad Raza Jiskani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Institute ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Objective: To determinate that male fertility influenced by testicular volumein albino rats. Study Design: Experimental. Place and Duration of study: Institute of BasicMedical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 10 months (November 2009to August 2010). Methodology: Sixty four adult albino rats were obtained from animal houseJinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre for the study and divided into 2 groups. Group A receivedinjection normal saline 1 cc intraperitoneally (IP) daily for 8 weeks. Group B received leadchloride in a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight IP daily. On the day of completion of treatmentthe animals were sacrificed testes along with epididymis removed and place in Petri dish. Thelength, breath and width of testes were measured with help of vernier caliper. The spermatozoawere obtained from cauda epididymis. Results: The mean ± SEM of volume testes in groupA and B after eight week of treatment were 0.77142 ± 0.04778 cm3 & 0.11768 ± 0.01673 cm3respectively. The volume of testes of group B was significantly decreased as compare to groupB (P = 0.000). Mean ±. The mean ± SEM number of sperm cells million / ml in groups A andB after eight week of treatment was 7.65 ± 186706.553 & 1.84 ± 132792.770 respectively.Number of sperms in group B were significantly decreased as compared to group A (P =0.000). Conclusion: There was relationship between volume of testes and male fertility.

scholarly journals Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Root Extract Against Gentamicin Induced Changes of Serum Urea and Creatinine Levels in Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Choudhury Shimmi ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Kidney is an important excretory organ. Its damage can be occurred due to prolonged use and higher doses of drugs, exposure to some chemicals, toxins, or infectious agents. Herbal plants as Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) may have free radical scavenging activity thereby can be used for the prevention and treatment of kidney damage. Objective: To observe the nephroprotective effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. Methods: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from 1st July 2010 to 30th June 2011. A total number of 35 Wistar albino rats, age ranged from 90 to 120 days, weighing between 150 to 200 grams were included in this study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into control group (Group A) and experimental group (Group B). Control group was again subdivided into group A1 (baseline control, consisted of 10 rats) and group A2 (gentamicin treated control group, consisted of 10 rats). Again, experimental group (Group B- Ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group) consisted of 15 rats. All groups of animals received basal diet for 22 consecutive days. In addition to this, group A2 also received gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg /kg body weight/day) for the last eight (15th to 22nd day) consecutive days. Again, group B received ashwagandha root extract (500mg/kg body weight/ day; orally) for 22 consecutive days and gentamicin subcutaneously (100mg/kg body weight /day) for last eight (15th to 22nd day) days. All the animals were sacrificed on 23rd day. Then blood and kidney sample were collected. Estimation of serum urea, creatinine levels were done by using standard Laboratory kits. The statistical analysis was done by one way ANOVA and Bonferroni test as applicable. Results: The mean serum urea, creatinine levels were significantly (p<0.001) higher in gentamicin treated control group in comparison to those of baseline control. Again, these levels were significantly (p<0.01) lower in ashwagandha pretreated and gentamicin treated group (experimental group) when compared to those of gentamicin treated group (control). Conclusion: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root may have some nephroprotective effect against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i2.9756 JBSP 2011 6(2): 84-89

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