Het verlies van een persoonlijk voornaamwoord* : Waarom hun straks geen hun meer zeggen

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362
Author(s):  
Helen de Hoop
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Possessive Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
Third Person

Abstract The loss of a personal pronoun. Why they will not be saying hun anymoreThe personal pronoun hun ‘them’ meets a lot of criticism in Dutch society, not just from language purists, but from language users in general. This can be attributed to a strong mistrust of the pronoun, given that it is well-known for violating no less than two prescriptive rules, one of which prohibits its use as a subject, and the other its use as a direct object or complement of a preposition. This has resulted in a tendency to avoid the use of this personal pronoun across the board. Despite the fact that hun ‘them’ as a personal pronoun has the advantage of exclusively referring to animate or even human individuals, I argue that it is fighting a losing battle with the other personal pronouns that are used to express third person plural. I conclude that it will withdraw from the competition in order to commit itself entirely to its function as a possessive pronoun ‘their’, in which capacity it is unique.

scholarly journals A native origin for Present-Day English they, their, them

Diachronica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelle Cole
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
Old English ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
The North ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Pronominal System ◽  
Germanic Languages

Abstract It is commonly held that Present-Day English they, their, them are not descended from Old English but derive from the Old Norse third-person plural pronouns þeir, þeira, þeim. This paper argues that the early northern English orthographic and distributional textual evidence agrees with an internal trajectory for the ‘þ-’ type personal pronouns in the North and indicates an origin in the Old English demonstratives þā, þāra, þām. The Northern Middle English third-person plural pronominal system was the result of the reanalysis from demonstrative to personal pronoun that is common cross-linguistically in Germanic and non-Germanic languages alike.

scholarly journals Women write the rights of woman: the sexual politics of the personal pronoun in the 1790s

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Sexual Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Mary Hays ◽  
Analysis Programme ◽  
Political Pamphlets

This article investigates patterns of personal pronoun usage in four texts written by women about women's rights during the 1790s: Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), Mary Hays' An Appeal to the Men of Great Britain (1798), Mary Robinson's Letter to the Women of England (1799) and Mary Anne Radcliffe's The Female Advocate (1799). I begin by showing that at the time these texts were written there was a widespread assumption that both writers and readers of political pamphlets were, by default, male. As such, I argue, writing to women as a woman was distinctly problematic, not least because these default assumptions meant that even apparently gender-neutral pronouns such as I, we and you were in fact covertly gendered. I use the textual analysis programme WordSmith to identify the personal pronouns in my four texts, and discuss my results both quantitatively and qualitatively. I find that while one of my texts does little to disturb gender expectations through its deployment of personal pronouns, the other three all use personal pronouns that disrupt eighteenth century expectations about default male authorship and readership.

scholarly journals The interpretation of German personal pronouns and d-pronouns

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-190
Author(s):  
Markus Bader ◽  
Yvonne Portele
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Syntactic Function

Abstract Three experiments investigated the interpretation and production of pronouns in German. The first two experiments probed the preferred interpretation of a pronoun in contexts containing two potential antecedents by having participants complete a sentence fragment starting either with a personal pronoun or a d-pronoun. We systematically varied three properties of the potential antecedents: syntactic function, linear position, and topicality. The results confirm a subject preference for personal pronouns. The preferred interpretation of d-pronouns cannot be captured by any of the three factors alone. Although a d-pronoun preferentially refers to the non-topic in many cases, this preference can be overridden by the other two factors, linear position and syntactic function. In order to test whether interpretive preferences follow from production biases as proposed by the Bayesian theory of Kehler et al. (2008), a third experiment had participants freely produce a continuation sentence for the contexts of the first two experiments. The results show that personal pronouns are used more often to refer to a subject than to an object, recapitulating the subject preference found for interpretation and thereby confirming the account of Kehler et al. (2008). The interpretation results for the d-pronoun likewise follow from the corresponding production data.

Agreement and discourse: from cohesion to coherence

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Cornish
Keyword(s):  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Widespread View

AbstractThe article argues that, contrary to a widespread view (e.g. Haiman, 1985; Palmer, 1984), agreement in those languages which exhibit it is not a purely redundant, semantically empty and grammatically predictable phenomenon, but performs several important functions at the level of discourse.Taking French as the example language, I will argue (section 2.1) that agreement signals the function-argument interpretation to be assigned to pairs of expressions of various kinds; and second, that it may also code anaphorically the high-focus status of particular discourse referents (section 2.2). Section 3 compares certain written errors in agreement marking made by advanced learners of French, with certain other interpretative errors in their reading of French articles - errors based on agreement relations and leading to the mis-assignment of reference to an agreement target or personal pronoun. Finally, section 4 argues that third person personal pronouns should be treated differently from the (essentially predicative) agreement targets discussed in sections 2 and 3, claiming that they do not participate in agreement stricto sensu.

scholarly journals BENTUK DAN PENGGUNAAN PRONOMINA PERSONA BAGI MAHASISWA STKIP BANJARMASIN (THE FORM AND USE OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS BY STKIP STUDENT IN BANJARMASIN)

Kadera Bahasa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Suryatin
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
First Person ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
The Third ◽  
Full Form ◽  
Third Person ◽  
First Person Plural ◽  
The Third Person

This study discusses the forms and variations in the use of personal pronouns by STKIP students in Banjarmasin. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms and variations in the use personal pronouns by STKIP students in Banjarmasin. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data collection is obtained by observation techniques, see, and record. Research data are in the form the speech used by STKIP students in Banjarmasin, Department of PBSID (Local or Indonesian Language and Literature Education). The results show that the using personal pronouns are three forms, namely the first person, second person, and third person. Based on the type of reference personal pronoun used by STKIP students in Banjarmasin are singular and plural pronoun.When it is viewed from the morphological distribution, there are a full form and a short form. The short forms are usually used in proclitic (appears before its host) and also enclitic (appear after its host). Personal pronouns used by the students in their speech are varied. Although they are in Banjar, they do not only use personal pronouns in Banjar language, a part of the students use the first person singular pronoun gue ‘aku’. Personal pronouns in Banjar language used by the STKIP students in Banjarmasin are the first person singular pronoun, ulun, unda, sorang, saurang and aku. First person singular pronoun aku has some variations –ku and ku- that are bound morpheme. First person plural is kami and kita. The second person pronouns are pian, ikam, nyawa, and kamu. Meanwhile, the third person singular pronouns are Inya and Sidin. The third person plural pronoun is bubuhannya. The use of personal pronouns by STKIP students in Banjarmasin are dominantly consist of five speech components only that are based on the situation, the partner, the intent, the content of the message, and how the speaker tells the speech.

scholarly journals PERSONAL DEIXIS AS ADDRESSING SYSTEM TO EXPRESS SOLIDARITY AT CAMPUS COMMUNITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
Winantu Kurnianingtyas SriAgung
Keyword(s):  
First Person ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Campus Community ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
Campus Environment ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Third Person

This research investigates personal deixis that indicate solidarity in campus environment. Students and lecturers conversation transcription were collected and analyzed by the researcher to identify the types of personal pronoun that commonly used to pointer the participants. The result showed that there were three kinds of pronoun used commonly by the participants and those indicate close relationship among others such as first person singular, second person singular, and third person plural. The finding revealed that the second person singular of bro, sist, and jeng are common in pointing speakers’ audience. Eventhough, those become slang language in society. The implication of this research suggested for other types of pronoun to be exist in campus environment and indicate power.

Kata Ganti Orang dalam Bahasa Pagu (Isam)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsye Jesti Mutji
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Possessive Pronoun ◽  
The West ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Local Languages

Pagu (Isam) language is a member of the NorthHalmaheran family of the West Papuan phylum. Pagu (Isam) Language is  the language is almost extinctbecauseitsspeakers are less. Because of that problem the author hopes this research willbe motivate the other writersto preserve local languages in a study.This research is a description about personal pronounin Pagu (Isam) language. Personal pronounrefers to a specific person or thing and changes its form to indicate person, number, gender, and function.The problems of this research are what are the form and function used in the sentence of Pagu (Isam)language.The result of this research will be concluded not only descriptionaboutpersonal pronoun in Pagu (Isam) language but also one aspect of personal pronounthatnot yet known there are third personal pronoun with neutral gender andthenat possessive pronoun we just need to add“to”as a marker that it is possessive pronoun.Key word: Description, Personal Pronoun, Pagu (Isam) Language

Genitive coordinations with personal pronouns

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN PAYNE
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Web Based ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Genitive Case ◽  
National Corpus

English genitive noun-phrase coordinations follow two patterns. The first is the single genitive, in which exponence of the genitive case occurs solely on the final coordinate, e.g. Mary and Jane's; and the second is the multiple genitive, in which exponence of the genitive case occurs on all coordinates, e.g. Mary's and Jane's. When either of the coordinates is a personal pronoun, difficult choices have to be made about the form of the pronoun. These difficulties arise especially with the single genitive, which is judged to be totally ungrammatical in coordinations like *my wife and I's or *my wife and my. On the other hand, the alternative use of the multiple genitive, my wife's and my, conflicts with a preference for the single genitive when the coordinates are felt to constitute a single unit. In this article, we first conduct a corpus-based analysis for genitive coordinations with personal pronouns, based on the British National Corpus. This, supplemented by some non-standard examples from web-based sources, gives some insight into the choices actually made by native speakers. We then provide a theoretical account of the syntactic problems that genitive coordinations with pronouns create. This account is shown to be compatible solely with an analysis of the English ’s genitive as an inflectional affix.

scholarly journals Discourse Analysis of a Song Lyric Entitled "We Will Not Go Down”

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Faizal Risdianto
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Lexical Analysis ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Song Lyric ◽  
Song Lyrics

This library research aimed at finding the three aspect of discourse analysis: contextual, grammatical and lexical aspect of Michael Heart’s song lyrics entitled “We will not go down (Song for Gaza). After analysis it can be found that the life experience and background of the song writer and singer is closely related to the idea proposes within the song lyrics. Whereas, the result of the grammatical and lexical analysis gives a depiction of cohesion and coherence of the song discourse of “We will not Go Down (Song for Gaza)”. There are eight (8) forms of first plural personal pronoun of “We”, four (4) second plural personal pronoun of ‘You” and seven (7) third personal pronouns in various forms. On the other side, it is difficult to find lexical aspects of this song discourse. There is only one form of anaphoric repetition. The repetition of the sentence “We Will Not Go Down” seven times is to influence the hearers whether they are supporters or opponents of the idea brought by the singer/the author that whatever happens Palestinian people will not surrender to every force, nation or people that want to colonialize them. 

Valérys Namen: Der Status des Lesers in der poésie pure

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-133
Author(s):  
Franziska Humphreys-Schottmann
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Fundamental Tension

AbstractValéry’s dream of the creation of a poésie pure is determined by a fundamental tension between two contradictory aspirations. On the one hand, he inherits French rationalism when he tries to develop a poetical praxis based on a logical-mathematical calculus, in which anything vague and unclear should disappear. On the other hand, this strictly formalized language revolves around the notion of moi pur and therefore subscribes to a hypertrophied subjectivism. The paradoxical logic of personal pronouns described by Émile Benveniste is at the origin of Valéry’s project: The moi pur is both, the personal pronoun that identifies the concrete speaker and the structural function of the universal invariant. Ineluctably affected by this pronominal shifting, the reader is, above all, at stake in the poéésie pure. In an attempt to unfold the aporetical constructions resulting from this paradox, this textual analysis focuses on some of the main rhetorical figures of Valpoéry’s work. A close reading of Narcisse parle reveals the specific moments of permanent self-variation by which the popoésie pure constantly subverts itself. Poeisis resists any kind of rigid formalism, any subjugation of its rhetorical potential and any attempt to escape the ever-sliding sense of the metaphor. We can thus affirm that the aporias revealed by the popoésie pure evidence hence the conditions of poetical representation itself.

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