scholarly journals Gender Equality and Women Participation in Government: the case of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
A. A. Kireyeva ◽  
G. K. Kenzhegulova ◽  
Osama Rajkhan
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
The State ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Women In Parliament

Gender equality today is gaining all the relevance in the planning of the State program around the world. When planning government programs, they follow certain steps to achieve this goal. However, the goal of this system remains acute in many countries around the world. This article is devoted to the issue of gender policy in Kazakhstan. The article examined indicators such as women’s participation in leadership positions, employment in the labor market, education, the wage gap and how they participate in women’s participation in parliament. The participation of women in parliament was identified as one of the key factors in the development of gender equality. The article considered the theory of context. The results of the study confirmed the theory of context. To promote gender equality policies, the application of policies must be considered. The results showed that the wage gap and women’s participation in the labor market have a significant impact on women’s participation in parliament. The activity of women in education, that is, the increase in the number of women among students, however, did not have a significant impact on the participation of women in parliament. The SPSS program was used for the regression analysis. Also, a statistical analysis was carried out for a deeper study of the influence of factors on the activity of women in the state. The SPSS program was used for the regression analysis.

scholarly journals Protecting Women’s Rights And Freedoms In Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 353-358
Author(s):  
Marguba Makhsudovna Nosirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The World ◽  
State Programs

This article deals with the situation with violations of women's rights and freedoms in the world in recent years and the increase in violence against them during the COVID-19 pandemic, measures taken in our country on gender policy, a number of presidential decrees. The large-scale work on increasing the participation of women in society and the state, based on the tasks set out in the state programs and responded also was analyzed.

Legal principles of regulation of state gender policy in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Perevalova ◽  
Ganna Gariaieva
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
The State ◽  
International Norms ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
Legal Standards

Problem setting. Gender policy today is one of the decisive factors in building civil society, reaching consensus between different branches of government, the successful implementation of democratic reforms in Ukraine, its integration into the European Union. The observance of gender equality in the state demonstrates how civilized and democratic it is. The purpose of this article is a general study of the main directions of state gender policy, analysis of international norms in the field of gender equality and compliance of current Ukrainian legislation with international legal standards. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Issues of legal support for gender equality in Ukraine are studied by scientists in various aspects, as indicated by the scientific works of Kobelyanska L., Hrytsyak N., Hrytsai I., Grabovska I., Melnyk T., Honyukova L., Pedchenko N., Kresina I. and others. Article’s main body. However, some aspects related to further improvement of the state gender policy, bringing the current legislation in line with international and regional legal standards remain unresolved. The implementation of these tasks has not only theoretical but also significant practical significance and, accordingly, requires further research. Problems of studying the state policy of Ukraine in the field of gender equality remain relevant, as evidenced by the analysis of international norms and current Ukrainian legislation in the field of equality of rights of men and women, elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, combating domestic violence. The article considers both the positive and negative aspects of the state gender policy; the necessity of further improvement of the current legislation, bringing it in line with international legal standards, which is especially important in connection with the European integration processes of Ukraine, is substantiated. Conclusions and prospects for development. Thus, it should be noted that gender policy remains an important area of public policy, but unfortunately, despite significant advances in gender equality, public policy is reduced to such separate areas as assistance to families with children, social protection of women, protection of women in sphere of labor, etc. These areas of state social policy are very important, but they are not exhaustive. In addition, the legal framework for state gender policy needs to be further improved. Not all legal documents are perfect, unambiguous and can be fully applied in practice and therefore need further refinement. The Law on Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men, adopted in 2005, needs to be updated because it does not meet modern needs. In addition, Ukraine lacks a National Strategy in the field of gender equality, which would promote the further development of the principle of gender integration in all spheres and branches of public administration. The problem of equal rights for women and men in a democratic society is proclaimed as one of the main tasks in solving today’s social problems.

Gender-Responsive TVET Framework

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-258
Author(s):  
Shashi Bala ◽  
Puja Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Education System ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Participation Of Women

Vocational education plays a pivotal role in achieving gender equality in skill development, and it has impacted the participation of women in labor market. Although there are various schemes and programs run by different ministries of India, they lack gender focus. As a result, it has widened the gender gap in various socio-economic indicators. This chapter proposes a TVET framework from gender perspective along with the review of current technical and vocational education system in India. It also identifies the challenges faced by women in enhancing their skills and its impact on their employability.

Women and participatory constitutionalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-259
Author(s):  
Ruth Rubio-Marín
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Structural Dimension ◽  
The Public ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Constitution Making

Abstract This article underscores the foundational exclusion of women from constitution-making as an expression of the ideology of separate and gendered spheres dominant at the birth of written constitutionalism. It traces the incorporation of women into constitution-making within a broader gender equality participatory turn taking place, since the late 1980s and especially 1990s, coinciding in time with the rise of popular constitutionalism more broadly speaking. By looking at a variety of examples drawn from multiple jurisdictions across the world, it explores the forms of participation of women in constitution-making both through their gradual (though yet insufficient) incorporation into official constitution-making bodies and institutions and, more importantly, through civil society mobilization. It claims that without taking into account the structural dimension of women’s traditional exclusion from the public sphere and constitution-making it is not possible to have an adequate comprehension of the strategies, challenges, meaning, and impact of women joining constitution-making, all of which I briefly describe.

scholarly journals Partisipasi Perempuan Terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah Daerah yang Demokratis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Junaenah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Government Organization ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Women’S Representation ◽  
The World ◽  
Government Management ◽  
Women In Parliament ◽  
Local Government Management

Abstract: Decision Against Women's Participation In The Democratic local government management. There have been many studies and settings on the relation of women to decision-making in a government organization. It also encouraged the International in 1995 in the World Women's Conference in Beijing fourth, which resulted in a recommendation by the mention of the Beijing Platform for Action. This declaration has prompted action plans in various countries, including in Indonesia, including to target the achievement of women's representation in Parliament 33.3 percent. Such a declaration of some of the ways that women can participate in decision making. The position of women in parliament is believed to affect directly to influence the established law. Abstrak: Partisipasi Perempuan Terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan DalamPenyelenggaraan Pemerintah Daerah Yang Demokratis. Telah banyak kajian danpengaturan mengenai relasi perempuan dengan pengambilan keputusan dalam suatu penyelenggaraan pemerintahan. Hal itu didorong pula secara Internasionalpada tahun 1995 dalam Konferensi Perempuan se-Dunia keempat di Beijing,yang menghasilkan rekomendasi dengan penyebutan Beijing Platform for Action.Deklarasi ini telah mendorong rencana aksi di berbagai negara, termasuk di Indonesia, di antaranya untuk menargetkan pencapaian keterwakilan perempuan di Parlemen 33,3 persen. Pencanangan yang demikian merupakan sebagian carasupaya perempuan dapat turut serta dalam pengambilan keputusan. Posisi perempuan di parlemen diyakini berpengaruh secara langsung untukmempengaruhi hukum yang dibentuk.  DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i2.1465

Influence of Gender Inequality in Employment and Inequal Employment Opportunities on Women's participation in the Saudi Labor Market during (2010- 2020): تأثير عدم المساواة بين الجنسين في التوظيف وتكافؤ الفرص الوظيفية على مشاركة المرأة في سوق العمل السعودي خلال الفترة 2010- 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 173-157
Author(s):  
Abeer Kamel Alfarran Abeer Kamel Alfarran
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Participation Of Women

The study aimed at identify the influence of gender inequality in employment and inequal employment opportunities on women's participation in the Saudi labor market. The importance of the study lies in addressing the scientific gap due to the lack of previous scientific studies, which dealt with gender inequality and the extent of their impact on women's participation in the Saudi labor market. Moreover, to documenting and evaluating the legal reforms and regulations of the Saudi labor market that aimed to reduce the gender inequality in employment and inequal employment opportunities. The researcher used the relational research method based on hypotheses, which depends on an in-depth review and compilation of evidence from previous secondary sources during (2010-2020), related to the study problem. For data analysis, the researcher used (EViews software), and performed statistical treatments using the Victor autoregressive (VAR) model. The study found that gender inequality in employment and equal employment opportunities cause about 30% of the low participation of women in the Saudi labor market. The study recommended passing clear, explicit and binding legislation related to both employment and job opportunities on an equal footing for both genders.    

Sustaining Participation

2019 ◽  
pp. 298-329
Author(s):  
Shirin M. Rai ◽  
Carole Spary
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Women In Parliament ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Parliamentary Politics ◽  
Conditions Of Work ◽  
Life Work

This chapter addresses the questions of why women stay on in politics and why they leave it. It examines the issue of sustainability of political participation—something that is rarely focused on in the studies in representative politics. It explores the party’s support of women’s parliamentary careers by examining the re-nomination and re-election of incumbent women members of Parliament over successive parliamentary terms. It shows that pressures of work, the conditions of work, the levels of political and the institutional support available to women members by political parties and Parliament, the pressures of expectation of constituencies, travel, and life–work balance all contribute to the sustainable participation of women in Parliament. It concludes that the sustainability of women’s participation in parliamentary politics is very largely affected by party, institutional, and leadership norms, and suggests that treating the Parliament as a place of work can open up avenues for gender-based reform.

The Role of Political Parties on Women’s Participation and Representation: International IDEA Technical Paper 4/2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumbidzai Kandawasvika-Nhundu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
Technical Paper ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Women And Girls

‘Leave no one behind’ (LNOB) is the central, transformative promise of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hence, SDG 5—‘Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls’—is an intrinsic enabler for sustainable development and representative democracy for each country and the world at large. The SDG 5 stipulates the requisite collective action for transformation and creating conducive environments towards substantive equality for all women and girls. In order to take on the challenge of translating SDG 5 into reality for women and girls across the world, it is fundamental to address the key areas of gender inequality, such as gender-based discrimination in law and in practice, violence against women and girls, the lack of and unequal access to and ownership of economic resources, and women’s unequal participation and representation in both private and public decision-making positions. This Technical Paper focuses on political parties’ responsibilities on achieving gender equality in politics and women’s political empowerment, particularly women’s participation and representation in positions of power and decision making at all levels.

scholarly journals The problem of the female priesthood in foreign Protestantism

2009 ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
O. Vynnychenko-Boruh
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Anglican Church ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Worship Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Radical Revision ◽  
The Church

One of the tendencies of modern transformations in the religious sphere, in particular in the world of Protestantism, is the desire for gender equality. The problem of "woman and religion" has become extremely urgent over the last decades, especially on the issue of women's priesthood. There is evidence that the proportion of women in the religious life of only Christian denominations has increased from 10 percent in the early twentieth century. to 40 at the beginning of the XXI century. The theological justification for the idea of ​​women's participation in organizing and conducting worship services was first formulated at the beginning of the 20th century in the Church of England. And it was the discussion around this provision that went beyond the Anglican Church that led to a radical revision of the traditional position of some Protestant churches, both as a motive and a reflection of profound changes in Christianity.

scholarly journals Gendered Labor Market (dis)advantages in Nordic Welfare States. Introduction to the Theme of the Special Issue

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armi Mustosmäki ◽  
Liza Reisel ◽  
Tiina Sihto ◽  
Mari Teigen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Friendly Societies ◽  
Welfare State Policies

Gender equality has been named as one of the normative foundations of Nordic wel- fare states. This is reflected in how, year after year, Nordic states rank among the most gender egalitarian countries in the world (see, e.g., World Economic Forum 2020). In Nordic countries, the state has been, and continues to be, a central actor in shaping women’s citizenship, labor market opportunities, and caring roles. Especially publicly funded welfare services and policies that facilitate the reconciliation of work and care have played a major part in advancing women’s labor market participation (see, e.g., Bergquist et al. 1999; Borchorst & Siim 2002; Ellingsæter & Leira 2006; Siim & Stoltz 2015). The institutional framework of Nordic welfare state policies has been central to what has been called the ‘social democratic public service route’ (Walby 2004).One of the important building blocks of gender equality has been the aim of making policies in Nordic countries ‘women-friendly’. More than 30 years ago, Helga Hernes (1987) identified the Nordic countries as ‘potentially women-friendly societies’. She characterized women-friendly societies as those that ‘would not force harder choices on women than on men’ (ibid., 15), particularly in relation to work and care. Hernes also envisaged that woman-friendliness should be achieved without increasing other forms of inequality, such as class or ethnicity-based inequalities among different groups of women.However, achieving gender equality in working life and the sort of women- friendliness that Hernes envisaged at the societal level has in many ways also proved to be challenging, as the ties between the state and gender equality goals are more complex than what they might seem at first glance. Gender disparities have proven persistent also within the Nordic context. When we issued a call for this special issue, we were interested in various forms of gendered labor market (dis)advantage in Nordic countries. Furthermore, we asked how gender segregation, welfare state policies, labor marketpolicies, and various labor market actors interact to produce, maintain, challenge, or change gender equality in the labor market in the Nordic countries and beyond. The five articles presented in this special issue address the issue of gendered labor market (dis)advantages in Nordic countries from several vantage points, focusing on both on ‘traditional’ questions, such as corporate power and sustainable employment, and ‘emerging’ questions such as intersectionality, gender culture, and aesthetic work.

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