The Industrial Ideal, 1944–1958

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venus Bivar
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Agricultural Modernization ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Planning Office ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War, the French Planning Office was tasked with two goals: short-term reconstruction and long-term economic modernization. At the heart of these two goals was the agricultural sector. In the short-term, getting agricultural back online would put a stop to rations; in the long-term, a competitive export-led farm sector would fix balance-of-payments deficits and fuel modernization in the secondary and tertiary sectors. Land use policy was key to agricultural modernization. In the early years of the postwar period, remembrement was the primary mechanism used to consolidate farms and improve productivity. To consolidate and increase the size of their holdings, farmers took on massive amounts of debt, betting that the new markets of European integration would improve their revenues. When it became clear that only a small handful of farmers would benefit from modernization, farm unions organized protests and the public media took notice of the "farm problem."

Evaluating the Financial Performance Through ‘Consumer Centric Decision’ Approach in Pharmaceutical Companies of Bangladesh: a Business Planning Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Mahmud Uz Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Public ◽  
Investment Choice ◽  
Good Investment ◽  
Business Analysis

Pharmaceuticals agglomerations consistently use their brand image and versatile product portfolios to consolidate their position in the financial sector, which is evident in their continuous profit making and expansion in market share. This paper explores the short-term and long-term investment attractiveness through ‘consumer centric decision’ approach in two selected pharmaceutical companies, Renata Limited and Orion Pharma Limited, of Bangladesh over the last three years’ period. This research adopts a systematic approach which primarily addresses the various concerns of investors to illustrate the decision-making process of the existing and future investors. Using primarily domestic transaction data, this study explores how the leading pharmaceuticals companies of Bangladesh effectively use the wide array of drug portfolios mix with appropriate branding techniques to increase their financial profit and market share simultaneously. Both SWOT analysis and Porters Five Forces Model explore the business analysis of Renata Limited in compare to Orion Pharma Limited that provides a conclusion regarding investors’ decision to invest in Renata Limited. Considering the financial analysis, Renata’s financial liquidity is not very satisfactory and could have been improved further if management is prudent on financial strategy settings. Findings of the business analysis indicate that Renata Limited would be a good investment choice for existing and prospective shareholders based on its opportunities for long term and short term growth and further expansion in developing the market. The results suggest that even lower liquidity coupled with higher interest borrowings can be balanced by posing positive picture to the public shareholders by returning the positive dividend to them.

scholarly journals Crédito consignado: segmentos e efeitos econômicos

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 783-810
Author(s):  
Angélica Pott de Medeiros ◽  
Giulia Xisto de Oliveira ◽  
Reisoli Bender Filho
Keyword(s):  
Economic Recession ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Variance Decomposition ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
The Public ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Vector Estimation

Resumo: O cenário de instabilidade política, a recessão econômica e as mudanças nas regras de concessão de crédito pautaram o objetivo de examinar o relacionamento do crédito consignado, por segmento de concessão, com variáveis macroeconômicas, caso do consumo, da produção industrial e do produto agregado, na última década (2007-2017). Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da estimação do vetor de correção de erros, funções de impulso-resposta e decomposição da variância, possibilitando a análise das relações de curto e de longo prazo entre as séries temporais e indicaram que as diferentes modalidades do crédito consignado implicam efeitos distintos sobre as variáveis econômicas em curto prazo. O segmento de aposentados e pensionistas impacta positivamente ambas as variáveis analisadas, com destaque para os bens de consumo das famílias. Já a concessão ao setor privado, embora represente a menor parcela do crédito consignado concedido, mostrou elevada sensibilidade a alterações na oferta dessa modalidade de crédito, enquanto que o crédito ao setor público, de maior participação, apresentou efeitos reduzidos e de curta duração.Palavras-chave: Crédito consignado. Segmentos. Economia brasileira. Payroll loans: segments and economic effects Abstract: The environment of political instability, economic recession and changes in the rules of granting credit were guiders to aim to examine the payroll loans relationship, by concession segment, with macroeconomic variables, case of consumption, industrial production and aggregate product, in the last decade (2007-2017). The results obtained by error correction vector estimation, and functions of impulse-response and variance decomposition, making it possible to analyze the short- and long-term relationships between the time series and indicated that the different modalities of payroll loans imply different effects on economic short-term variables. With retirees and pensioners segment positively impact on both analyzed variables, highlighting the household consumption goods. The concession to the private sector, although it represents the smallest portion of payroll loans granted, it showed high sensitivity to the changes of this modality. About credit to the public sector, which has the biggest portion, it showed reduced and short-term effects.Keywords: Payroll loans. Segments. Brazilian economy.

scholarly journals Deficit, Decay and Deprioritization of Transport Infrastructure in Nigeria: Policy Options for Sustainability

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Effiom ◽  
Peter Ubi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sub Saharan

<p>It is common knowledge that Nigeria’s road infrastructure, and indeed the general infrastructure of sub-Saharan Africa, is in a most despicable condition. This paper formalises this observation by providing current data to support the hypothesis. By deploying descriptive and theoretical methodological approaches, it demonstrates that road infrastructure is not only deteriorating but also suffers from a twin evil of deficit and deprioritisation in the public sector’s preferential scale–a state of indifference of sorts. Long and short term policy choices have to be made to urgently address the issue. In the short term, infrastructure concessions, public private partnerships (PPP), pension funds, sovereign wealth fund, savings from reduction in fuel subsidies, leveraging on the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) mechanism–are part of the portfolio of choices that government can readily choose from. In the long term however, the paper recommends increase in the statutory allocation to the states and local governments which would ensure that component units of the federation control more resources to deploy and develop infrastructure in their immediate domain.</p>

scholarly journals Conservation Adoption Among Owners and Tenant Farmers in the Southern United States

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Naveen Adusumilli ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bivariate Probit Model ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
Tenant Farmers ◽  
Conservation Adoption

This study investigates owner and tenant characteristics and differences between these two groups in their participation in federal conservation initiatives. Bivariate probit model analysis, based on a 2016–2017 Louisiana row-crop producer’s survey show that owners, relative to tenant farmers, are more likely to adopt conservation in early years of ownership. The results emphasize the need for mechanisms for tenants in short-term contracts to invest in long-term conservation. Moreover, conservation initiatives should be tailored, as tenant farmers are increasingly farming more land and policies should carefully account for this growing group of farmers.

scholarly journals Science Diplomacy and Its Engine of Informed Decisionmaking: Operating through Our Global Pandemic with Humanity

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-450
Author(s):  
Paul Arthur Berkman
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
World War ◽  
Short Term ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Science Diplomacy ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Second World

Summary Science diplomacy is an international, interdisciplinary and inclusive (holistic) process, involving informed decisionmaking to balance national interests and common interests for the benefit of all on Earth across generations. Informed decisions operate across a ‘continuum of urgencies’, which extends from security to sustainability time scales for peoples, nations and our world. The COVID-19 pandemic is the ‘most challenging crisis we have faced since the Second World War’, as noted in March 2020 by UN Secretary-General António Guterres, when survival is once again a common interest at local-global levels. This essay introduces common-interest-building strategies with science diplomacy to operate short term to long term, before-through-after the ‘inflection point’ of our global pandemic, as the next step in the evolution of our globally interconnected civilisation.

scholarly journals Building bridges between experts and the public: a comparison of two-way communication formats for flooding and air pollution risk

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Loroño-Leturiondo ◽  
Paul O'Hare ◽  
Simon J. Cook ◽  
Stephen R. Hoon ◽  
Sam Illingworth
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Safe Spaces ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Urban centres worldwide are adversely affected by flooding and air pollution. Better prepared citizens are crucial to limiting the impacts of these hazards, and both lay knowledge and personal experiences are important in complementing and challenging expert opinion. For the first time, this study offers a critical comparison of how different two-way communication formats have been used worldwide between experts and the public in relation to flooding and air pollution risk. Through a systematic review, we analyse social media, educational programmes, serious games, citizen science, and forums in terms of their effectiveness in respect of communicating short-term incidents, long-term awareness, and long-term knowledge in the context of flooding and air pollution risk. We find that there is neither a one-size-fits-all, nor superior, format of communication. No single format is effective in fulfilling all three communication purposes. All five formats analysed appear to be successful under different circumstances and are never representative of all segments of the population. Communication between experts and the public is difficult and full of tensions, information alone is not enough. Our study shows different ways of incorporating strategies to build trust between experts and the public and make communication more fun and accessible, breaking down hierarchies and creating safe spaces for co-creation where everyone feels empowered to participate and benefits.

scholarly journals Agricultural Crisis and Farmers Suicides in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1576-1580 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Private Money ◽  
The Government

Agricultural sector is the main income for the rural people in India. It plays a significant role in their life. In India, small and marginal farmers account for 70%, according to the 2011 census of the Government of India. These small and marginal farmers took credit from banks and private money lenders. The non-repayment of credit led to an agricultural crisis and farmers’ suicide. This study focused on the reasons that caused such a disaster. The study rests on a review of the literature which was extracted from journals, reports, and newspapers from 2004 to 2019. The review identified the following reasons for the agricultural crisis and farmer’s suicides- poverty, indebtedness, crop failures, distress, lack of awareness on new technologies, inadequate debt, marketing of produce, the high interest of non-institutional credit, and depletion of water levels. The article concluded noting that -the government had to shift its focus from industries to agriculture and shift its agricultural policies from short-term to long- term ones.

scholarly journals HOLDING UP A MIRROR TO APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA: PUBLIC DISCOURSE ON THE ISSUE OF OVERCROWDING IN SOUTH AFRICAN PRISONS 1980 TO 1984 – PART 2

Obiter ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Allister Peté
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Apartheid Regime

During the first half of the 1980s, the issue of chronic overcrowding within the South African penal system formed part of an intense ideological struggle between those who supported and those who opposed the apartheid regime. Public debate around this issue acted as a mirror, reflecting early cracks which were beginning to appear in the edifice of apartheid. Since the prisons were the ultimate instrument of social control within the apartheid system, the ongoing crises caused by chronic overcrowding within these institutions served as a kind of “canary in the mine” for the apartheid system as a whole. The debates which took place during the early 1980s around overcrowding are also important because they form part of a common theme running through South African penal discourse as a whole. This article seeks to show how the debates on prison overcrowding which took place in the first half of the 1980s fit into a long-term pattern of recurring ideological crises surrounding this issue. The article is divided into two parts. In Part One, the above themes were explored through the public discourse surrounding the Steyn Commission of Enquiry into the public media, as well as the Hoexter Commission of Enquiry into the structure and functioning of South Africa’s courts. Whereas Part One deals only with certain early debates arising out of the Hoexter Commission – up to February 1981 – Part Two takes this as a starting point and traces a number of further themes which arose in the debates surrounding the Hoexter Commission between February 1981 and April 1984, when the Commission delivered its report.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA MENENGAH DAERAH (RPJMD) KOTA PEKANBARU 2012-2017

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexsander Yandra
Keyword(s):  
Development Planning ◽  
City Government ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Public ◽  
Process Medium ◽  
The Government

Status: Postprint di Jurnal PUBLIKa Jilid 2 Terbitan April dan Oktober Halaman 48-58The region authority to controlling the development planning contained in a regulations No. 25 of 2014 about the system of development planning. The regulation give an opportunity to the public to become involved in every process of development especially in the long-term process, medium-term although short-term. Medium-term development plan (RPJMD) become the important ones to every region especially Peknbaru city, because this formula was an elaboration of the vision and mission of regional head (Walikota) as well as executives products that directly related to the policies of city government development. As part of the process of formulating the development plan, the discussion of development planning (musrenbang) was the only step where the public get the chance to participate. Through a descriptive qualitative approach by the ethic data analysis and emic, concluded that the public participate in the discussion of development planning RPJMD of Pekanbaru city fully initiated by the government of Pekanbaru city, there was nothing mobilitation from the government to the public in musrenbang because the public voluntary attendance for the invitation, participation from the formal way and group and also there was nothing informal way, so this participation has not been effective because the public were not involved from the start in the formulations of the RPJMD, so that the public still seen as a subject in the development planning.Key word: participation, social changes and development, RPJMD.

scholarly journals Is There an Alternative to the Fiscal Compact for Conducting Fiscal Policy in the Euro Area?

Politik ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hughes Hallet ◽  
Svend E. Hougaard Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Euro Area ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Budgetary Impact ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fiscal Compact ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Changing Demographics ◽  
New Framework

This paper o ers a critical assessment of the scal set-up in the Euro Area and considers a new framework for achieving scal discipline. e key idea is an inter-temporal assignment where national scal policies focus on long-term objectives and a common monetary policy on short-term objectives. e result is a self-stabilising set-up where the enforcement problem has largely been resolved. For practical implementation purposes, scal policy is stated in terms of a target for the public debt-to-GDP ratio. We argue that the debt target should be set in a forward-looking fashion to account for implicit liabilities, such as the discounted budgetary impact of changing demographics in addition to conventional debt measures. 

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