scholarly journals Study on the Consciousness of Husserl’s Intentionality Under the Influence of Psychology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongxiu Liu ◽  
Junlin Xu ◽  
Shawn P. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Descriptive Psychology ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Internal Relationship

Husserl accepted the influence of descriptive psychology, inherited and developed the concept of intentionality, criticized and innovated the problem of empiricism from epistemology, and Conscious Intentionality has become the core idea of Husserl’s phenomenology. By analyzing Husserl’s concept of consciousness, we can clarify the internal structure of Husserl’s definition of “consciousness” on the basis of understanding the internal relationship of Husserl’s concept of consciousness: the concept of consciousness is not equivalent to the concept of intentionality, only when the concept of consciousness based on intentionality does the real concept of Husserl’s consciousness become manifest. Husserl’s concept of consciousness not only affects Martin Heidegger and Searle, but also has an important influence on the later philosophy of mind, and promotes the integration of philosophy of mind and philosophy of language.

Ways and Voices in the Psychoanalysis of Links According to Enrique Pichon-Rivière

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Jaitin
Keyword(s):  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Different Levels

This article covers several stages of the work of Pichon-Rivière. In the 1950s he introduced the hypothesis of "the link as a four way relationship" (of reciprocal love and hate) between the baby and the mother. Clinical work with psychosis and psychosomatic disorders prompted him to examine how mental illness arises; its areas of expression, the degree of symbolisation, and the different fields of clinical observation. From the 1960s onwards, his experience with groups and families led him to explore a second path leading to "the voices of the link"—the voice of the internal family sub-group, and the place of the social and cultural voice where the link develops. This brought him to the definition of the link as a "bi-corporal and tri-personal structure". The author brings together the different levels of the analysis of the link, using as a clinical example the process of a psychoanalytic couple therapy with second generation descendants of a genocide within the limits of the transferential and countertransferential field. Body language (the core of the transgenerational link) and the couple's absences and presence during sessions create a rhythm that gives rise to an illusion, ultimately transforming the intersubjective link between the partners in the couple and with the analyst.

Brentano, Franz Clemens (1838–1917)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick M. Chisholm ◽  
Peter Simons
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Descriptive Psychology ◽  
Phenomenological Movement ◽  
Precise Statement ◽  
Philosophical Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sparse Ontology

Brentano was a philosopher and psychologist who taught at the Universities of Würzburg and Vienna. He made significant contributions to almost every branch of philosophy, notably psychology and philosophy of mind, ontology, ethics and the philosophy of language. He also published several books on the history of philosophy, especially Aristotle, and contended that philosophy proceeds in cycles of advance and decline. He is best known for reintroducing the scholastic concept of intentionality into philosophy and proclaiming it as the characteristic mark of the mental. His teachings, especially those on what he called descriptive psychology, influenced the phenomenological movement in the twentieth century, but because of his concern for precise statement and his sensitivity to the dangers of the undisciplined use of philosophical language, his work also bears affinities to analytic philosophy. His anti-speculative conception of philosophy as a rigorous discipline was furthered by his many brilliant students. Late in life Brentano’s philosophy radically changed: he advocated a sparse ontology of physical and mental things (reism), coupled with a linguistic fictionalism stating that all language purportedly referring to non-things can be replaced by language referring only to things.

scholarly journals What is interpretation? A dilemma for Davidson

Conceptus ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (98) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Nils Kürbis
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Empirical Theory ◽  
The Core ◽  
Theory Of Meaning ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Radical Interpreter

AbstractThe core idea of Davidson’s philosophy of language is that a theory of truth constructed as an empirical theory by a radical interpreter is a theory of meaning. I discuss an ambiguity that arises from Davidson's notion of interpretation: it can either be understood as the hypothetical process of constructing a theory of truth for a language or as a process that actually happens when speakers communicate. I argue that each disambiguation is problematic and does not result in a theory of meaning.

Trust-Based Theories of Promising

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (280) ◽  
pp. 443-463
Author(s):  
Daniele Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Normative Power ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Philosophical Account ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper discusses the prospects of a comprehensive philosophical account of promising that relies centrally on the notion of trust. I lay out the core idea behind the Trust View, showing how it convincingly explains the normative contours and the unique value of our promissory practice. I then sketch three distinct options of how the Trust View can explain the normativity of promises. First, an effect based-view, second, a view drawing on a wider norm demanding respect to those whom one has invited to something, and finally, as a new suggestion, a Normative Interest View. This view holds that promising is a normative power that serves our interest in facilitating or enabling the relationship of trust between promisor and promisee. I argue that only those embracing the third view can fully account for the distinctive obligation that results from the giving of a valid promise in all cases.

Epistemology After Sextus Empiricus

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Sextus Empiricus ◽  
The Core ◽  
Pyrrhonian Skepticism ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Epistemology

Pyrrhonian skepticism is defined by its commitment to inquiry. The Greek work skepsis means inquiry—not doubt, or whatever else later forms of skepticism took to be at the core of skeptical philosophy. The book proposes that Sextus Empiricus’s legacy in the history of epistemology is that he developed an epistemology of inquiry. The volume’s authors investigate epistemology after Sextus, both ways in which he has influenced the history of philosophy and ways in which he and the Pyrrhonian tradition he represents ought to contribute to contemporary debates. As a whole, the book aims to (re)instate Sextus as an important philosopher in these discussions in much the same way that Aristotle has been brought into discussions in contemporary ethics, action theory, and metaphysics. Sextus provides a fresh take on contemporary debates because he approaches issues of perception, disagreement, induction, and ignorance from the perspective of inquiry. The volume’s contributions address four core themes of Sextus’s skepticism: (1) appearances and perception, (2) the structure of justification and proof, (3) belief and ignorance, and (4) ethics and action. These themes are explored in some historical authors whose work relates to Sextus, including Peripatetic logicians, Locke, Hume, Nietzsche, and German idealists; and they are explored as they figure in today’s epistemology, philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, and ethics.

Against Restitution

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Core ◽  
Clear Case ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Core Idea

Recently, states and other institutions have undertaken to make restitution for past abuses. Distinctions need to be made between various kinds of restitutive practices that rest on quite different normative grounds. Moreover, the core idea of restitution, in attaching obligation to particular historically grounded relationships, is questionable, and what is being attempted is better explained and justified in terms of a number of standard principles of justice of a non-restitutive kind; for although there is, in principle, a clear case of restitutive justice, its elements rarely, if ever, exist in the real world in an unmixed state. Although there are significant objections to deriving local obligations from principles of universal justice, they have no force in this case. Policies termed ‘restitutive’ may well be justifiable, but they are misdescribed.

scholarly journals Bounding Boundaries: Building a Typology of Careers with the Concept of Boundary

M n gement ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Dubois ◽  
Pierre François
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Career Patterns ◽  
Social Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Original Case ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Definition Of

The core idea of this paper is that the concept of boundary can help us to understand the social form careers take. The concept of boundary has informed much of the literature on careers. Scholars are now looking beyond the boundaryless/boundaried divide as the boundaryless argument has been convincingly contested theoretically and empirically. This is what we do in this article. It offers a definition of career boundaries which can be empirically tested as both objective and subjective construct along two dimensions: the existence of fixed career patterns and that of individual, shared, or collective awareness of these patterns. This leads us to build a six-case typology combining these two dimensions. To test the explanatory power of this theoretical framework, we use the original case of French poets. As poets do not work in stable organizations, we could expect erratic careers. We find that poets’ careers are not erratic, but follow fixed patterns, structured by publishers and the pace of publications, with, respectively, shared and individual awareness of these patterns. We also find that similarly reputed poets tend to follow similar career patterns as they cross the same boundaries at a similar moment in their career. We end by discussing how our typology can help to understand careers, using examples from the literature from various professional settings.

Pricing kernel factorization and recovery theorem

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050029
Author(s):  
Pauline M. Ngugnie Diffouo ◽  
Yves Y. Yameni Noupoue
Keyword(s):  
Probability Measure ◽  
Pricing Kernel ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Physical Probability ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Idea

Recently, Ross proposed an idea, now known as the “Recovery Theorem,” that asserts that the real (physical) probability measure can be recovered from the market prices of derivatives. This work has generated a great deal of controversy in the finance literature. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the core idea of the recovery theorem and to examine its implications. In particular, issues concerning the so-called factorization of the pricing kernel will be examined from the viewpoint of the Flesaker–Hughston representation.

Socially Extended Epistemology

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Societal Impact ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
The Core ◽  
Epistemic States ◽  
Web Science ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Core Idea

The present volume explores the topic of socially extended knowledge. This is a topic of research at the intersection of epistemology and philosophy of mind and cognitive science. The core idea of socially extended epistemology is that epistemic states such as beliefs, justification, and knowledge can be collectively realized by groups or communities of individuals. Typical examples that are being studied in the literature include collective memory in old partners, problem-solving by juries, and the behaviors of hiring committees, scientific research teams, and intelligence agencies. This volume attempts to further our understanding of socially extended knowledge while also exploring its potential practical and societal impact by inviting perspectives not just from philosophy but from cognitive science, computer science, Web science, and cybernetics too. Contributions to the volume mostly fall within two broad categories: (i) foundational issues within socially extended epistemology (including elaborations on, defences and criticisms of core aspects of socially extended epistemology), and (ii) applications and new directions, where themes in socially extended epistemology are connected to these other areas of research. The volume is accordingly divided into two parts corresponding to these broad categories. The topics themselves are of great conceptual interest, and wider interdisciplinary perspectives suggest many connections with social concerns and policy-making.

Transcending Tragedy: The Idea of Civility

1974 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Tinder
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Human Control ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

This article belongs in the area of what Karl Jaspers calls “existential elucidation.” It is concerned less with political ideals than with the relationship of the person to those ideals and to the realities that often contradict them.During recent centuries political activity has been increasingly governed by the confidence that history is under human control. The tragedies and disappointments of the twentieth century, however, cast serious doubt on this confidence. Thus it is incumbent on us to reconsider man's whole stance in relation to history. The core of the article is the definition of an alternative stance, which I call “civility.”The clue to civility was provided by Plato when he suggested, in The Republic, that although the ideal city probably could not be realized in history, its form might be reproduced here and there in the souls of individuals. In pursuance of this clue, civility is defined, on the one hand, as partial detachment from action, and from the ideological preoccupations frequently accompanying action, and, on the other hand, as concentration on governance of the self. Although such governance entails historical independence, it does not set one apart from others; on the contrary, its fundamental principle is openess to the totality of the human.

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