The effect of the content of ApoA-I in peripheral blood on the state of immune homeostasis in people living in extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 539-545
Author(s):  
Ksenia Olegovna Pashinskaya ◽  
A. V. Samodova ◽  
L. K. Dobrodeeva
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
Adhesion Protein ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Murmansk Region

The paper presents data on the impacts of the content of ApoA-I in peripheral blood on the state of immune homeostasis in people living in extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic. From the village of Revda, Murmansk region, 191 people were examined, 160 women and 31 men, aged from 21 to 55 years. The analysis of the results was carried out depending on the level of ApoA-I content: 111 examined people had a low content of ApoA-I (< 115 mg/dl) and 80 people had a concentration of ApoA-I - within the physiological norm (115-220 mg/dl). Deficiency of ApoA-I is associated with an increase in plasma concentrations of total cholesterol in 37.5% and triglycerides in 62.5% of cases. Low content of ApoA-I is associated with a decrease in the content of neutrophilic granulocytes and an increase in the concentration of small lymphocytes, IL-10 and IgE. Deficiency of ApoA-I is associated with an increase in the content of CD45RA+, CD16+, CD56+ lymphocyte phenotypes in blood. Low concentrations of ApoA-I are associated with low expression activity of L-selectin gene and free L-selectin ligand. Due to deficiency of ApoA-I, no significant differences were detected in the content of transferrin, free transferrin receptor, haptoglobin, free calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein, and free pool of receptors involved in apoptosis. Conclusion: deficiency of ApoA-I in blood plasma is associated with increased migration of neutrophils into the tissue and cell-mediated cytotoxicity of lymphocytes and occurs because of the effect of decreased activity of the level of antioxidant defense, changes in the structure of cell membranes and the participation of adhesion molecules.

scholarly journals Formation of unified approaches towards legal protection of biological diversity and its components in the Arctic: to articulation of the problem

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Rednikova
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems

This article examines the questions associated with protection of Arctic biodiversity, framework international legal documents, and documents of strategic planning of the Arctic countries. It is underlined that despite the unique ability to adapt to the severe climatic conditions, the ability of Arctic ecosystems and their components to self-restoration is significantly lower, which indicates the need to minimize the negative impact of various factors, as well as ensure the maximum level of ecosystem protection, including legal remedies. At the same time, considering the uniformity of natural environment of the Arctic region and ongoing processes, the peak efficiency in environmental protection of the Arctic can be achieved only by pooling and coordinating the efforts of all Arctic countries. The data on the state of Arctic environment allows determining major threats to the state of biological diversity of the region. In this regard, special role is played by climatic changes, which create a number of global challenges. Climate warming inevitably initiates ice melting in the Arctic, shrinkage or total deglaciation of certain areas, which leads to such consequences as decrease in abundance of species, namely aquatic mammals, the life cycle of which directly depends on the existence of ice. Global warming is inextricably linked with the process of displacement of latitudinal boundaries of the Arctic ecosystems towards north, which poses a risk for penetration of biological species that traditionally dwell to the south. This can lead dysfunction of ecosystems due to the dominance of alien species over the indigenous species.

Perspective of the diatom research in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Dmitrii B. Denisov ◽  
Anna L. Kosova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Diatom Assemblages ◽  
Murmansk Region

Large-scale diatom communities and diatom complexes of lake sediments researches in the Euro-Arctic region have been carried out. The high efficiency of bioindication of water quality and the state of ecosystems based on diatoms have been shown for the water quality assessment and anthropogenic loads rationing on water resources of high latitudes. Diatom assemblages from lake sediments of different types of aquatic ecosystems reflect the present-day warming of the Arctic climate and the effects of aerotechnogenic pollution. Diatom assemblages of surface (0–1 cm) layers of lake sediments could well serve for the integral assessment of the state of ecosystems and water quality. Diatoms diversity of the Green Belt of Fennoscandia in the territory of the Murmansk region has been investigated.

Modern trends and prospects of economic development of mineral fertilizer producers through the prism of relational interaction.

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Valery A. Leventsov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

The production of mineral fertilizers is a priority direction for the development of the chemical industry of the Russian Federation. The importance of studying the state and prospects of mineral fertilizer producers for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is due to the high dependence of the economy of one of the northernmost regions of our country, the Murmansk Region, on the enterprises of this industry. In particular, the Kirov branch of JSC Apatit (PhosAgro company), Kovdorsky GOK (Eurochem Company) and JSC North-Western Phosphorus Company (a subsidiary of PJSC Akron) operate in the Murmansk Region. These enterprises make significant contributions to the regional budget of the Murmansk region as well as to the budgets of municipal formations, create jobs and make a significant contribution to the development of the towns of presence. Russian manufacturing companies in their activities are mainly focused on the external market, which is due to the excess of supply over demand and the lack of use of mineral fertilizers on 39 % of Russian sown areas. The main Russian producers of mineral fertilizers include PhosAgro, Akron, EuroChem, Uralchem and Uralkali. The only company claiming the priority of the domestic market is PhosAgro. Analysis of the annual reports of the largest Russian producers of mineral fertilizers indicates their desire to expand the geography of supplies. In the domestic market, there is a positive trend in the consumption of mineral fertilizers, which is associated with high prices for agricultural products, as well as the state policy of subsidizing agricultural enterprises, in addition, state regulation of prices in the domestic market leads to an increase in demand for fertilizers. For fertilizer producers, it is possible to use the three-level relational interaction model presented below. The article presents the results of testing the hypothesis of the need for the development of relational relations in the mineral fertilizers market. The assessment is based on the use of a three-level model of relational interaction of industrial market participants. The results of the analysis can be used in the development and implementation of relational cooperation in economic systems of various levels.

scholarly journals ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЫ РОССИИ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Zharov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Relationship

Рассмотрена методика выявления взаимосвязи между темпами экономического роста промышленного производства в арктических регионахсубъектах Федерации на примере Мурманской области и его инновационной активностью. Показано, что для ее повышения необходима финансовая поддержка государства. The method of identifying the relationship between the rate of economic growth of industrial production in the Arctic regionsthe subjects of the Russian Federation on the example of the Murmansk region and its innovation activity. It is shown that for its increase the financial support of the state is necessary.

scholarly journals Finances of the Arctic. Implementation of Functions of the Financial-Investment Potential in the Arctic Regions of the Russian Federation: scientific-analytical report.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Kobylinskaya ◽  
◽  
T. I. Barasheva ◽  
R. V. Badylevich ◽  
A. N. Chapargina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Financial Credit ◽  
Conducting Research

The scientific-analytical report presents a study of the financial-investment potential distinguishing its structural elements: potentials of economic entities, fiscal and financial-credit potentials. A special attention is paid to functional specificities of each element of the financial potential in regional development and revealing their interconnections. Regions of the Russian Arctic zone characterized by severe climatic conditions, having strong nature resource potential, and being a zone of increased interest from large corporate structures and strategic interest of the state are the object of the study. The work is addressed to scientific researchers, legislative and executive authorities of different levels, financial-credit institutions, enterprises and organizations, lecturers and students as well as other readers interested in issues of the Arctic territories’ development. The scientific and analytical report was prepared as a part of the state assignment of FRS KSC RAS in terms of conducting research work of the G. P. Luzin Institute for Economic Studies on topic No. АААА-А18-118051590117-3 “Scientific bases of formation and implementation of the financial-investment potential of the Arctic and Northern regions”.

scholarly journals Assessment of the green spaces' state in the impact zone of the Pechenganikel smelter, the Murmansk region

Vestnik MGTU ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
L. G. Isaeva ◽  
T. A. Sukhareva
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Impact

The study of the state of green spaces in urbanized areas is important due to their sanitary, hygienic and aesthetic role in the harsh climatic conditions of the Arctic. The objects of research were the green spaces of the urban-type settlement Nikel (the Murmansk region). The assessment of the distribution of tree and shrub species by categories of life state was carried out; revealed damage to leaves by atmospheric emissions, insects and fungi. A high degree of damage from pollution was noted in birch, mountain ash and bird cherry; aspen up to 85 % damaged by aphids; mechanical damage to the trunks was noted in about 26 % of the surveyed trees; 5 % of trees have frost cracks in the trunk. In the course of a comparative assessment of the chemical composition of birch leaves growing in the urbanized territory of Nikel and in forest ecosystems along the gradient of atmospheric pollution in the impact zone of the Pechenganikel plant, it was found that the concentrations of pollutants in birch leaves in technologically disturbed areas exceed background values. Birch leaves in the southern direction from the plant accumulate higher concentrations of Ni, Cu, Pb, Co, Fe than in the western and northern directions. In 2019, the concentrations of heavy metals in birch leaves increased compared to the previous study period (2004). In the urban area, the content of pollutants exceeds not only the values of the regional background, but also the levels identified in forest ecosystems along the gradient of atmospheric pollution. Concentration coefficients Cc show abnormally high values for Ni, Cu, Pb, Co, Fe; the maximum Cc values are noted for Ni and Co.

scholarly journals STUDY OF POPULATION INCOMES IN THE MURMANSK REGION: TRENDS AND DETERMINANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3/2020) ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
A. N. Chapargina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
High Level

Incomes are an indicator of the population living standard and a source for meeting various needs. The article is devoted to analysis of population incomes in one of the Arctic regions of Russia —the Murmansk region. For the region, the problem of increasing population incomes is especially acute due to harsh natural and climatic conditions and high living cost. The paper aims to analyze, systematize and evaluate the specifics of the formation, levels and dynamics, as well as differentiation of population incomes in the Murmanskregion in 2000–2019, to identify trends in incomes, as well as determinants influencing incomes formation in this Arctic region. The study was based on the methods of analysis and synthesis of statistical information, grouping, generalization and comparison. The analysis of relevant statistical data made it possible to reveal and compare trends in population incomes both in the Russian Federation and in the Murmansk region over the last two decades. For the country as a whole the main trends include slowing down growth rates of average per capita income, the persisting high level of income differentiation, decrease in share of income received from entrepreneurship and property. The main trends in changing population incomes in the Murmansk region are identified and compared with the Russian ones. It is found that main trends in this region in the studied period are a slowdown in the growth rate of per capita income of the population with lower rates of income growth compared to the national average, decreasein real incomes, a downward trend in the purchasing power of incomes, decrease in poverty and smoothing the degree of population stratification. Also the determinants influencing formation of population incomes in the Murmansk region as an Arctic region are identified. First of all these are the effect of regional coefficients and northern allowances and the specific structure of the population's needs. Measures aimed at increasing population incomes and directions for building up a state policy regulatingpopulation incomes in the Murmansk region as an Arctic region are formulated. The practical significance of the work is that the results of the study can be used by the regional authorities for developing and correcting the socio-economic policy.

scholarly journals Paleocene-Eocene volcanic segmentation of the Norwegian-Greenland seaway reorganized high-latitude ocean circulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Hovikoski ◽  
Michael B. W. Fyhn ◽  
Henrik Nøhr-Hansen ◽  
John R. Hopper ◽  
Steven Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Subaerial Exposure ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Volcanic Facies

AbstractThe paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic development of the Norwegian–Greenland seaway remains poorly understood, despite its importance for the oceanographic and climatic conditions of the Paleocene–Eocene greenhouse world. Here we present analyses of the sedimentological and paleontological characteristics of Paleocene–Eocene deposits (between 63 and 47 million years old) in northeast Greenland, and investigate key unconformities and volcanic facies observed through seismic reflection imaging in offshore basins. We identify Paleocene–Eocene uplift that culminated in widespread regression, volcanism, and subaerial exposure during the Ypresian. We reconstruct the paleogeography of the northeast Atlantic–Arctic region and propose that this uplift led to fragmentation of the Norwegian–Greenland seaway during this period. We suggest that the seaway became severely restricted between about 56 and 53 million years ago, effectively isolating the Arctic from the Atlantic ocean during the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum and the early Eocene.

scholarly journals High-time resolved radon-progeny measurements in the Arctic region (Svalbard Islands, Norway): results and potentialities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Salzano ◽  
Antonello Pasini ◽  
Antonietta Ianniello ◽  
Mauro Mazzola ◽  
Rita Traversi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Radon Emanation ◽  
Radon Progeny ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Scientific Challenge ◽  
The Arctic Region

Abstract. The estimation of radon progeny in the Arctic region represents a scientific challenge due to the required low limit of detection in consideration of the limited radon emanation associated with permafrost dynamics. This preliminary study highlighted, for the first time, the possibility to monitor radon progeny in the Arctic region with a higher time resolution. The composition of the radon progeny offered the opportunity to identify air masses dominated by long-range transport, in presence or not of near-constant radon progeny instead of long and short lived progenies. Furthermore, the different ratio between radon and thoron progenies evidenced the contributions of local emissions and atmospheric stability. Two different emanation periods were defined in accordance to the permafrost dynamics at the ground and several accumulation windows were recognized coherently to the meteo-climatic conditions occurring at the study site.

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