Comparative value of kola testa, corn-bran and rice- bran with maize for mature african giant land snail (Archachatina marginata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
R.A. Hamzat ◽  
A J. Omole ◽  
B.B. Babatunde ◽  
M.O. Adejumo ◽  
O.G Longe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corn Bran ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was designed to compare the effect of kola testa, which is rich in fibre with maize the conventional energy source and other sources of fibre such as corn bran and rice bran. A total of two hundred and forty African giant land snails (Archachatina marginata) with an average live weight of 177.69 ± 10.87g were assigned to four dietary treatments: a maize-based diet (Diet 1) served as control, in a completely randomized design. The other diets were kola testa - based (Diet 2), corn bran-based (Diet 3) and rice bran-based (Diet 4) diets. The percentage of each test ingredient and that of maize was 31.30g/100g Each treatment consisted of sixty growing snails, which were subdivided into 3 replicates of 20 snails each. The snails received the diets over a period of 20 weeks. Weight gain was significantly higher (P<0.05) for the kola testa-based diet in comparison with the corn and rice bran-based diets. Depression of magnesium and iron in the shell, flesh and fluid of snails fed corn and rice bran diets was observed. The trial revealed that kola testa-based diet compared favorably well with the corn and rice bran-based diets.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics of feedlot-finished Nellore heifers slaughtered at different weights

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 44826
Author(s):  
Pedro Leonardo de Paula Rezende ◽  
João Restle ◽  
Ubirajara Oliveira Bilego ◽  
Juliano José de Resende Fernandes ◽  
Regis Luis Missio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Carcass Conformation ◽  
Set Up

Carcass and meat characteristics of 48 Nellore heifers at 24 to 30 months of age, with an initial weight of 263.4 ± 13.9 kg, were evaluated. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized design with four treatments, which consisted of four slaughter-weight classes, namely <340, 340-370, 370-400, or >400 kg. Back fat thickness was not influenced (p > 0.05) by slaughter weight in any of the forms it was expressed (mm or %), averaging 5.3 mm. Loin eye area in cm2 increased (p < 0.05) with the increase in slaughter weight. Animals slaughtered at a live weight (LW) of more than 400 kg showed better (p < 0.05) carcass conformation than the other experimental groups (9.8 points). Heifers slaughtered at over 400 kg LW had a more compact (p < 0.05) carcass (1.65 cm kg-1 cold carcass). The marbling degree of meat was lower (p < 0.05) in the animals slaughtered at less than 340 kg LW. In conclusion, cull heifers must not be slaughtered at a LW of less than 340 kg and slaughter weights greater than 400 kg have positive implications on important carcass characteristics, notably conformation and marbling.

scholarly journals Digestible methionine levels for white-egg layer pullets from 7 to 12 weeks of age

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e47222
Author(s):  
Jalceyr Pessoa Figueiredo Júnior ◽  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Ricardo Romão Guerra ◽  
Marcelo Helder Medeiros Santana ◽  
Matheus Ramalho de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the requirement of digestible methionine for growing pullets at growth phase (7 to 12 weeks of age). A completely randomized design was distributed in five treatments, six replicates, and 15 pullets per experimental unit. 450 Dekalb White pullets from the 7th weeks of age, with an average initial weight of 313.14 ± 12.49 g were used. Dietary treatments consisted in five diets supplemented with DL-Methionine which resulted in five levels of digestible methionine (0.266, 0.294, 0.322, 0.350, and 0.378 %). Performance, serological blood, histopathology and histomorphometry data were evaluated. Quadratic responses were observed for final live weight (p < 0.0143), weight gain (p < 0.0073), feed conversion ratio (p < 0.0058), glycogen deposition in the liver (p < 0.0001), gamma-glutamyl transferase enzyme activity (p < 0.0008), and villus height (p < 0.0024) with digestible dMet levels. In conclusion, the use of 0.343 % dMet, corresponding to a dMet:dLys ratio 55, is recommended for white-egg pullets from 7 to 12 weeks of age.

scholarly journals The Bioavailability Of Phosphorous From Bone Meal And Triple Super Phosphate And Its Effects On Indigenous Growing Cattle

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
ZH Khandaker ◽  
ABM Khaleduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Triple Super Phosphate ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The bioavailability of phosphorous, and blood serum and rumen liquor P level was studied in indigenous growing cattle by feeding bone meal and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) with control diet. Nine indigenous growing cattle (live weight of 164 ± 21 kg) were randomly assigned in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to three dietary treatments, consisted of a basal diet (T0) of 0.16% P and experimental diets supplemented with bone meal (T1) and triple super phosphate (T2) to provide P level of 0.44%. All diets were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Three cannulated animals were used for rumen liquor P level study by feeding three diets. Apparent absorption and balance of P were significantly (P<0.01) higher in T1 and T2 diets than that of diet T0, but true absorption did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Bioavailability of P of control diet (37.41%), bone meal (81.45%) and triple super phosphate (80.49%) were significantly differed (P<0.01). Rumen liquor and blood serum P level differed significantly (P<0.01). Supplementation of bone meal and triple super phosphate results in high blood serum P (P>0.05) with no difference between bone meal and triple super phosphate. The results suggested that the bioavailability of P from bone meal and TSP was high and dietary supplementation of P with bone meal and TSP improved P retention and blood serum P level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i2.9882 BJAS 2008; 37(2): 58-65

scholarly journals Analisis Tekno Eknonomi Pembuatan Pelet Ikan dari Limbah Sampah Organik di Kota Pekanbaru

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Ihsan Hidayat Ihsan
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Tapioca Flour

ABSTRACT              The high volume of waste in Pekanbaru City especially organic waste make a new idea with it to use become a more useful like a fish feed. Fish feed or usually called with a fish pellets is very important in cultivation fish because fish pellets be first matter in cultivation fish cause make a higher cost 60-70% from production cost and than very right if used organic waste to make a fish pellets cause will be lower the production cost. Method in this research is Completely Randomized Design with three treatment and every treatment different with waste composition measure like a 5 Kg, 3 Kg, and 2 Kg. The other material in this pellets is chicken cutting waste, rice bran, EM-4 liquid, and tapioca flour. The results from laboratory is treatment A with 5 Kg waste be the best on the other treatment with 22,66% protein, carbohydrate 22,70%, fat 4,50%, fiber 13,23%, water content 12,88%, and ash content 14,67%. Cost of goods sold is Rp.7.000/Kg and break event point is 226,60 Kg/year. The conclusion is very advantage this pellets if production with use a organic waste. Keyword: Waste, Fish Pellets, Completely Randomized Design

scholarly journals Nitrogen utilization by male WAD sheep fed graded levels of boiled CST and SMD based diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
R. O. Ettu ◽  
C. F. I. Onwuka
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
West African ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Intake ◽  
Sorghum Malt ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Seed Testa

The study was carried out to investigate the nitrogen utilization by male West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep fed boiled Cocoa Seed Testa (CST) and Sorghum Malt Dust (SMD)-based diets. Twenty-eight male animals were divided into seven groups with similar average initial live weight in a completely randomized design. Each group contained four animals. The trial consisted of seven dietary treatments which comprised CST at 10, 20 and 30% levels, SMD at 10, 20 and 30% levels and a control. The trial lasted for 90 days. Data generated were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance. Apparent nitrogen intake (19.41g/d) and retention (9.67g/d) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the treatment with 20% SMD. Generally, dietary inclusion of CST and SMD improved the nitrogen intake by male WAD sheep with the best result from sheep fed 20% sorghum malt dust based diets.

scholarly journals MANFAAT DAUN LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala DALAM PAKAN AYAM PEDAGING DIUKUR DARI PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
J S Mandey ◽  
N. J. Kumajas ◽  
J. R Leke ◽  
M. N Regar
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Finisher Diets

PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS FED THE LAMTORO (LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA) LEAF MEAL IN THE DIETS. The utilization of lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf meal (LLM) in broiler diets was investigated employing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% levels substituted to the based diet (control). In this experiment, 100 birds were randomly allocated into five groups of treatments. Each treatment was repeated into four replications with five birds per each replication. The five dietary treatments were allotted to the birds in a completely randomized design. The birds were fed experimental finisher diets. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Effect of LLM inclusion up 20% on feed intake (g),  live weight gain (g) and feed conversion did not differ significantly  (P ˃ 0.05).  It may be inferred from these experiments that LLM  up to 20% can safely be substituted to broiler based diet.Keywords: Lamtoro leaf, broiler, performance

scholarly journals Blood chemistry and relative organ weights of rabbits fed neem leaf meal based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
I. P. Ogbuewu ◽  
C. T, Ezeokeke ◽  
I. C. Okoli ◽  
M. U. Iloeje
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Blood Characteristics ◽  
Pancreas Weight

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of neem leaf meal (NLM) based diets on blood and relative organ weight characteristics of rabbits. In the first experiment, 36 rabbit bucks aged 7 to 8 months were distributed into four dietary groups, T1, T2, T3 and T4 of 9 rabbits using completely randomized design. Each group was replicated 3 times with 3 rabbits per replicate. Rabbits in T1 group were fed diet that contained 0% NLM while those in T2 T3 and T4 groups were fed diets that contained NLM at 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively for 112 days. In the second experiment, 36 rabbit does were used and experimental procedures were laid out as described in experiment 1. Blood samples for analysis, live weight and organ weights were collected from each replicate and data obtained analysed statistically. Higher (p<0.05) kidney weight was obtained for rabbit does on diets T 2 T 3 and T4. Bucks on diet T2, recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher pancreas weight than those on diet T1 diet. No significant effect (p>0.05) on haematological parameters was observed among all treatments except for MCV and neutrophils which were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the groups fed diets T2 and T4 and diets T1 and T3 groups respectively than others. Rabbit bucks and does on diet I, recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher serum cholesterol values than those on the other diets. Serum glucose value of rabbits on diet T, was significantly (p<0.05) different from those on the other diets. Serum ALP value of rabbits on diet T4 differed significantly (p<0.05) from those on the other 3 diets with the exception of bucks on diet T4 that had similar value with those on diet T1. Addition of neem leaf meal in rabbit diets increased serum AST and ALT values but the differences were not significant (p>0.05). It was therefore concluded that up to 5% of neem leaf meal can be included in the diet of pubertal rabbits without any deleterious effects on their organs and blood characteristics.

scholarly journals Dietary supplementation of medicinal herbs with total mixed ration to mitigate enteric methane emission in sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
M Al Mamun ◽  
MRA Redoy ◽  
AAS Shuvo ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
MA Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pineapple wastes (Ananas comosus), garlic leaves (Allium sativum), moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) and their combination on growth, plasma metabolites, meat characteristics and enteric methane emission in sheep. A total of 15 sheep (initial BW: 8.3±0.2 kg; age: ~ 1 year; non-descript indigenous to Bangladesh) were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments with three sheep per treatment in a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments were:  (1) CL-diet: a total mixed ration (TMR) pellet based on roadside grass and concentrates with a CP–16.72%  and ME–10.7 MJ/kg; (2) PW-diet: CL-diet + 10g DM of pineapple waste (peels, cores, tops, and leaves)/day; (3) GL-diet: CL-diet + 10g DM of garlic leaves/day; (4) ML-diet: CL-diet + 10g DM of moringa leaves /day; (5) HM-diet: CL-diet + 10g DM of herbal mixture (3g pineapples wastes + 3g garlic leaves + 4g moringa leaves)/day. Weekly live weight gain and plasma metabolites did not show any significant variation among the treatments. Compared to the CL-diet group, the herbal supplemented group had 18–34% lower abdominal fat content, and the lowest value was found in the GL-diet group. Furthermore, the methane emission (g/day/sheep) was reduced by 5–13% in herb supplemented groups compared to the CL-diet group. Additionally, the lamb fed GL-diet emitted the lowest enteric methane (21.26 vs 24.07 g/kg DMI) compared to other experimental groups. Overall, garlic and moringa leaves could be added to TMR to minimize fat accumulation and enteric methane emission from sheep. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2021. 50 (1):28-35

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PAKAN BERBAHAN DASAR MAGGOT DAN DEDAK PADI PADA PAKAN BASAL TERHADAP BOBOT HIDUP, KARKAS DAN GIBLET AYAM BROILER

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Kastalani Kastalani ◽  
Maria Erviana Kusuma ◽  
Herlinae Herlinae ◽  
Yemima Yemima
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Christian University ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding feed with maggot and rice bran as a base ingredient in basal feed on live weight, carcass and giblets of broiler chickens and to determine the rate of addition of feed with maggot and rice bran as a base ingredient in basal feed which will give good results. best on live weight, carcass and broiler chicken giblets. The implementation of this research took place at the practical location of the Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Palangka Raya Christian University, Jalan G.S Rubay Palangka Raya. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments with 5 replications, namely A = 100% basal feed, B = 100% basal feed and 5% additional feed, C = 100% basal feed and 10% additional feed and D = feed. basal 100% and additional feed 15%. From the results of the study, it can be seen that the addition of feed with maggot and rice bran as a base ingredient in basal feed has no effect on live weight, carcass and broiler chicken giblets.

PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FINISHING BROILERS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH COMBINATION OF PROBIOTICS (B. cereus) AND PREBIOTICS (MANNOSE [MOS])

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
O. O. ONI ◽  
R. M. ADEBAYO ◽  
A. J. AKINDELE
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Positive Effect

The experiment aimed to investigate effect of combination of probiotics and prebiotics on the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers at finishing phase. A total number of 300 day-old Anak broiler chicks were used to determine the response of broiler chicks to diets supplemented with probiotics (Bacillus cereus) and prebiotics (Mannose). The chicks were randomly allotted to four treatment groups of 75 birds with 25 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The four dietary treatments comprised 500ppm MOS; 250ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS; 500ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS and 750ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS, respectively. Results showed that feed conversion ratio decreased significantly (P< 0.05) from 1.21 for groups fed det supplemented with 250ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS to 1.05 for groups fed with 750ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS  as more prebiotics were added to the probiotics. Final live weight, eviscerated weight and dressing percentage were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by combination of probiotics and prebiotics in finishing broilers. Final live weight values ranged from 2453.30g in birds fed 250ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS  to 2488.30g in birds fed 750ppm B. cereus  + 500ppm MOS, while eviscerated weight ranged from 1063.30g at 500ppm MOS to 1396.70g  at 750ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS. The same trend was observed for dressing percentage, neck, whole gizzard and liver. It was concluded that combination of probitics and prebiotics at 750ppm B. cereus + 500ppm MOS had positive effect on growth performance and carcass qualities of broilers at finishing phase.  

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