scholarly journals Survey of ß-Lactoglobulin and α<sub>S1</sub>-Casein polimorpbisms in Hungarian dairy sheep breeds and crosses on DNA level (short communication)

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Anton ◽  
A. Zsolnai ◽  
L. Fesús ◽  
S. Kukovics ◽  
A. Molnár

Abstract. Beta-lactoglobulin (LGB) and the Welsh αS1-casein (αS1-casein D) types have been determined using PCR-RFLP tests in DNA isolated from blood samples collected from four dairy sheep breeds (Awassi, British Milk Sheep, Tsigaia, Lacaune), from Hungarian Merinos and from various crossbreeds (AwassixMerino) F1, (MerinoxLanghe) F1, (MerinoxPleven Blackhead) F1, (MerinoxPleven Blackhead ) F1x Black East Friesian). The following LGBA frequency values have been obtained: Awassi 0.3478; British Milk Sheep 0.6857; Tsigaia 0.5650; Lacaune 0.4730; Hungarian Merino 0.6767; (Awassix Merino) F1 0.4694; (MerinoxLanghe) F1 0.7777; (MerinoxPleven Blackhead) F1 0.5945; (MerinoxPleven Blackhead) F1 x Black East Friesian 0.6026. The Welsh αS1-casein variant was found in the Hungarian Merino breed only (4 homozygous and 16 heterozygous ewes). Plans for studies on the possible effects of these milk protein types, on milk yield and composition as well as on cheese making properties ofmilk and cheese yields are outlined.

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas A. Triantaphyllopoulos ◽  
Panagiota Koutsouli ◽  
Athanassios Kandris ◽  
Dimitris Papachristou ◽  
Kalliopi E. Markopoulou ◽  
...  

Abstract The animal selection with favourable phenotypes of the past has been, currently, replaced by the genotype selection on quantitative traits, assisted by the expanding molecular techniques in the context of livestock improvement. In this study, the c.112T>C polymorphism in exon II of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) gene was investigated in Karagouniko and Chios sheep breeds by using polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and possible associations with milk traits were examined. In total, 125 blood DNA samples were isolated for PCR-RFLP analysis and the respective 217 milk samples′ composition profile was obtained. The goodness of fit test to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for β-LG genotypes was estimated and associations found between β-LG genotypes and raw milk composition. Two alleles and three genotypes were observed (AA, AB and BB) in both breeds, and Chios breed significantly deviated (P≤0.05) from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Conclusively, linear mixed model analysis on samples, from both breeds collectively, showed significant effects of β-LG genotype on lactose percentage and somatic cell count (SCC), lactation stage on daily milk yield and protein, while the breed effect was significant only on daily milk yield.


2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 249-250
Author(s):  
Elena Gladyr` ◽  
Elena Konovalova ◽  
Nikolay Sivkin ◽  
Olga V Kostyunina

Abstract Russian Ayrshire population of cattle is the second largest in number the world population of animals of this breed. Trimethylaminuria (TMA) is the monogenic disease manifesting in the ‘‘fish off-flavor” of the milk from the sick cows and caused by R238X mutation in the flavin-containing monooxidase 3 gene (FMO3). The aim of our investigation was the analysis of the FMO3 gene polymorphism of Ayrshire cattle breed and its relationship with the milk productivity of the first lactation. The analysis of FMO3 gene polymorphism has been carried out on 352 animals of 5 herds, and associations with the milk productivity due 305 days have been evaluated on 20 healthy cows (RR) and 6 ones-carriers of the mutation (RX). DNA has been extracted by means of the kit “DNA-Extran” (“Syntol”, Russia). The identification of the FMO3 genotypes has been conducted by PCR-RFLP in according to the previously developed method with using TaqI restriction endonuclease. The frequency of animals-carriers of X allele associated with the defect of “fish off-flavor” of milk was in the range 10.21–12.82%. The frequencies of RR, RX and XX genotypes were 76.9, 20.5 and 2.6 %, respectively. The study of relationship between the genotypes on FMO3 gene and productivity traits has shown that the homozygous RR-individuals in comparing to RX-ones had significantly higher levels of the milk yield (+918.6 kg, P ≥ 0.05) and content of the milk protein (+28.8, P ≥ 0.05). Adaptive abilities of RR-cows of Russian selection allowed them to surpass animals of Finnish origin with a similar genotype in milk yield 5,655.6 ± 254.2 against 5,105.0 ± 238.6 kg. The investigations has shown the significant superiority the animals-non carriers of the “fish off-flavor” defect in the milk yield and content of the milk protein. This research was supported by the Ministry of science and higher education АААА-А18-118021590138-1.


2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 650-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Dinc ◽  
E. Ozkan ◽  
E. Koban ◽  
I. Togan

Abstract. In this study, the genetic diversity of three milk protein genes namely beta-casein, kappacasein and beta-lactoglobulin was estimated in Turkish cattle breeds. Based on these genes, breeds in Turkey have been grouped as: 1) Eastern Anatolian Red, Anatolian Black and Southern Anatolian Red and 2) Turkish Grey, Turkish Holstein and Holstein Candidate Bulls. B alleles of the three studied genes, which were reported to be positively related with cheese yield and quality, seemed to be low-intermediate for beta-casein and kappa-casein but relatively high for beta-lactoglobulin in the first group of Turkish breeds compared to other breeds of the world. The kappa-casein E allele, which has a negative effect on cheese quality, is absent in Turkish cattle breeds, except in Holstein Candidate Bulls. Therefore, the results suggest that milk of Turkish native breeds is suitable for cheese making. Based on observations of the Turkish breeds, some suggestions were made regarding breeding practices in Turkey.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ferro ◽  
L. O. Tedeschi ◽  
A. S. Atzori

Abstract The objective of this study was to characterize the milk yield (MY) and milk composition of relevant sheep and goat breeds raised around the world to be used with nutrition models for diet formulation and nutrient balancing. A 2-step approach was used. First, a database developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization was used to identify relevant breeds (i.e., frequently raised) by comparing the occurrence of transboundary breed names across countries. We selected transboundary breeds that occurred more than 3 times and other relevant breeds obtained from the specialized literature that had milk production information (e.g., MY, days in milk, and milk fat, protein, and lactose). The majority of sheep breeds were classified as nondairy (76%) because they lacked milk production information. Karakul and Merino accounted for up to 2.4% of sheep breeds raised around the world, whereas the other individual breeds accounted for less than 1%. In contrast, nondairy breeds of goats accounted for 46.3% and of the remaining 53.7%, Saanen, Boer, Anglo-Nubian, Toggenburg, and Alpine accounted for 6.5, 5, 4.4, 4, and 3%, respectively, of the transboundary breeds. Second, a database compiled from published studies for the selected sheep (n = 65) and goats (n = 78) breeds were analyzed using a random coefficients model (studies and treatments within studies as random effects). For sheep breeds, the average and SD were 1.1 ± 0.3 kg/d for MY, 6.9 ± 1% for milk fat, 5.4 ± 0.4% for milk protein, 5 ± 0.3% for milk lactose, 17.7 ± 1.4% for milk total solids, and 1,073 ± 91 kcal/kg of milk energy. Lacaune had the greatest MY compared to Comisana and Tsigai (1.65 versus 0.83 and 0.62 kg/d; respectively, P &lt; 0.05), but milk components were not different among breeds. For goats breeds, the average and SD across breeds were 1.7 ± 0.6 kg/d for MY, 4.2 ± 0.9% for milk fat, 3.3 ± 0.4% for milk protein, 4.4 ± 0.4% for milk lactose, 12.7 ± 1.1% for milk total solids, and 750 ± 75 kcal/kg of milk energy. Alpine had similar MY to Saanen (2.66 versus 2.55 kg/d, respectively; P &gt; 0.05), but greater (P &lt; 0.05) than other breeds. The Boer breed had the greatest milk fat, protein, lactose, and total solids than several other breeds, leading to the greatest milk energy content (907 kcal/kg). Because there are many factors that can alter MY and milk composition, averages provided in this study serve as guidelines, and nutritionists must obtain observed values when using nutrition models.


2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 5567-5571 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Theodorou ◽  
S. Fragou ◽  
R. Chronopoulou ◽  
A. Kominakis ◽  
E. Rogdakis ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Omar M. Darissa ◽  
Raeda Irekat

Background: The development of local sheep breeds that have high fecundity levels, high meat content and high growth rates would help satisfy the Palestinian demand of meat and lower its price. It has been reported that mutant alleles of the genes Booroola fecundity (FecB), Callipyge (CLPG) and calpastatin (CAST) are associated with high litter size, larger muscular rumps and higher tenderness of meat after sheep slaughter, respectively. PCR-RFLPs methods have been established to facilitate the survey of sheep breeds for such mutants.Methods: In this study, 117 blood samples of the most common sheep breed in Palestine, Assaf, were collected from Bethlehem and Jenin districts. Genomic DNA was extracted and purified from the blood samples using the salting out method. The genotypic ratios and allelic frequencies of the FecB, CLPG and CAST genes were determined by PCR-RFLP method. Result: The results show that the mutant allele B of the FecB gene has a very low frequency among the screened sheep with 0.01 in Bethlehem and 0.07 in Jenin. Also, 94.4% of the tested sheep have the wildtype genotype AA for the CLPG gene with a frequency of 0.95 for allel A. Moreover, the desired heterzygous genotype MN for the CAST gene is 38.4% with an allelic frequency of 0.81 for the mutant allel M. These results would assist establishing sheep breeding programs with the appropriate parental genotypes to improve the livestock sector in the country. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
O. A. Epishko ◽  
V. V. Peshko ◽  
N. N. Peshko

In cows of the Belarusian black-motley breed using PCR-RFLP method set gene polymorphism of beta-lactoglobulin. Identified genotypes LGBAA, LGBAВ and LGBВВ. Calculated frequency of alleles and genotypes in the gene beta-lactoglobulin. Studied milk productivity (yield of milk, fat and protein content of the milk, the amount of milk fat and milk protein) in animals with different genotypes of beta-lactoglobulin. Established the superiority of the cows with genotype LGBВВ the main indicators of milk production.


Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bovenhuis ◽  
J I Weller

Abstract Maximum likelihood methodology was used to estimate effects of both a marker gene and a linked quantitative trait locus (QTL) on quantitative traits in a segregating population. Two alleles were assumed for the QTL. In addition to the effects of genotypes at both loci on the mean of the quantitative trait, recombination frequency between the loci, frequency of the QTL alleles and the residual standard deviation were also estimated. Thus six parameters were estimated in addition to the marker genotype means. The statistical model was tested on simulated data, and used to estimate direct and linked effects of the milk protein genes, beta-lactoglobulin, kappa-casein, and beta-casein, on milk, fat, and protein production and fat and protein percent in the Dutch dairy cattle population. beta-Lactoglobulin had significant direct effects on milk yield and fat percent. kappa-Casein had significant direct effects on milk yield, protein percent and fat yield. beta-Casein had significant direct effects on milk yield, fat and protein percent and fat and protein yield. Linked QTL with significant effects on fat percent were found for kappa-casein and beta-casein. Since the beta-casein and kappa-casein genes are closely linked, it is likely that the same QTL was detected for those two markers. Further, a QTL with a significant effect on fat yield was found to be linked to kappa-casein and a QTL with a significant effect on protein yield was linked to beta-lactoglobulin.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1202-1209
Author(s):  
Vadim Aleksandrovich Ulyanov ◽  
Bakhyt Zhanaidarovna Kubekova ◽  
Indira Saltanovna Beishova ◽  
Alena Valentinovna Belaya ◽  
Natalya Vladimirovna Papusha

Background and Aim: The market demand for the quality of milk and dairy products, in particular in terms of such indicators as fat content, the amount and composition of milk protein, etc., is growing. Thus, the need for the selection of dairy herds using genetic markers associated with qualitative traits of milk productivity is becoming urgent. This study aimed to determine the preferred and undesirable genotypes of the AluI polymorphism of the growth hormone gene and SnaBI polymorphism of the insulin-like growth factor-1 gene associated with milk productivity and quality indicators of the black-and-white breed. The genotypes of animals were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Materials and Methods: Samples of the black-and-white breed from Kazakhstan served as the research subjects. The polymorphism of the growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 genes was determined by PCR-RFLP. The relationship of bGH-AluI and bIGF-1-SnaBI polymorphisms with productivity was assessed (fat, protein, and milk yield for 305 days of lactation, live weight, somatic cells, and milk production coefficient) by analysis of variance using Statistica 6.0 software. Results: The black-and-white cows with the bGH-AluILV genotype had significantly higher milk yield in 305 days (3174.5±157.2 kg) than those with the bGH-AluILL (2940.0±152.6 kg) and bGH-AluIVV genotypes (2964.0±36.0; p<0.05). The milk fat content of cows with genotypes bGH-AluILV and bGH-AluILL (121.8±6.5 and 120.6±10.2, respectively) was significantly higher than those with bGH-AluIVV genotype (109.8±10.8; p<0.05). The black-and-white cows with the bGH-AluILV genotype (96.7±5.3) had significantly more milk protein than those with the bGH-AluILL (90.3±5.6) and bGH-AluIVV (86.9±4.6) genotypes (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the indicators of milk productivity of cows with different genotypes of bIGF-1-SnaBI polymorphism. Conclusion: The results showed that the bGH-AluILV genotype was preferred for the black-and-white breed. The study demonstrated that genotype determined the relevant qualities, while the conditions of feeding, maintenance, and industrial technology provided the manifestation of this genotype. Thus, cows of the same (Wis Burke Ideal) line, having common ancestors in close (IV–V) ranks but living in different farming conditions, had large differences in milk productivity level. The variation was 2046 kg or 67.6% of milk per lactation.


2022 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Ivona Dimitrova ◽  
Milena Bozhilova-Sakova ◽  
Margarit Iliev ◽  
Atanaska Teneva

Karnobat sheep plays an important role in the development of sheep breeding in Southeastern region of Bulgaria. They are valuable source of genetic material. The aim of present experiment was to determine the allele variation of CAST gene in Local Karnobat and Karnobat Merino sheep breeds. A total of 60 blood samples were collected – 30 per breed. DNA was extracted and genotypes of all animals were identified by means of PCR-RFLP technique. The restriction reactions were accomplished by specific enzyme MspI. As expected both breeds were characterized with low level of genetic diversity due to the fact that mostly maintaining selection has been implemented. In Local Karnobat sheep breed was identified only one heterozygous individual from all 30. In Karnobat merino were identified allele M with frequency 0,97 and allele N with frequency 0,03. Genotypes MM and MN were revealed with frequencies 0,93 and 0,07, respectively. According to the statistical analysis both breeds were in HWE equilibrium.


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