scholarly journals Effect of a high-fibre diet on the feeding behaviour of fattening pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Kallabis ◽  
O. Kaufmann

Abstract. The natural behavioural repertoire of the pig includes extensive foraging behaviour and long feeding times. Customary feed for growing pigs does not meet these requirements, resulting in unsatisfied feeding motivation. This may lead to behavioural disorders and reduces animal welfare. Studies on sows showed that by enhancing crude fibre content in the feed, satiety can be improved and the feeding motivation reduced. In growing pigs, however, studies are lacking, although abnormal behaviours are widespread. Therefore, we investigated the feeding behaviour of 56 castrated male pigs, who received either a standard compound feed or a high fibre feed containing lignocellulosis. High fibre pigs feed less often but longer times than control pigs. The feeding rate of high fibre pigs is clearly reduced, resulting in lower feed intake. Due to the composition of the fibrous feed, energy intake is less and crude fibre intake higher in high fibre pigs. Those animals have lower daily weight gain than control pigs, the feed conversion, however, does not differ between diets. Our results indicate that fibrous feed increases satiety in growing pigs. Sufficient satiety reduces foraging and feeding motivation and related behavioural problems. High fibre feed is therefore suitable to improve the welfare of fattening pigs.

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. M. Bruce ◽  
F. Sundstøl

The effect of Aspergillus niger phytase on digestibility of some nutrients, pH and flow of digesta in post valvular T-caecum (PVTC) cannulated growing pigs fed an oat (80.6%) diet was studied. Four barrows weighing on average 40 kg were assigned to four diets in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Diet 1 contained 1.11% monocalcium phosphate (MCP); diet 2 had neither MCP nor phytase; diet 3 included phytase at a concentration of 487 phytase units kg−1 feed; and diet 4 had 0.55% MCP and 320 phytase units kg−1 feed. Ileal digestibility of phosphorus (P) increased by 19.4 and 26.8% in diets containing microbial phytase compared with the control diets 1 and 2, respectively. Corresponding increases in faecal digestibility values were 18.3 and 23.6%. Ileal digestibility of calcium (Ca) was significantly higher in diet 3 but there was no effect of diet on the faecal digestibility of Ca. There was no effect of microbial phytase on the digestibility of magnesium (Mg), dry matter (DM) or crude protein (CP). Ileal digestibility of crude fibre (CF) was not affected by diet, but faecal CF digestibility was lower (P < 0.05) in diets containing microbial phytase. There was no effect of phytase on excretion of Ca, Mg and N and Mg and N retention. There was a time-related response of pH of ileal digesta, with hourly pH measurements ranging between 7.1 and 5.9, irrespective of diet. Flow of digesta peaked 3–6 h after the morning feed and 1–2 hours after the evening feed. Key words: Pigs, cannulation, phytase, digestibility, pH


2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Ukachukwu ◽  
F. C. Obioha

The performance and nutrient retention of broilers fed raw (RMD), toasted (TMD), boiled (BMD), soaked and boiled (SMD) or no (NMD) Mucuna cochinchinensis seed diets at both starter and finisher phases were assessed using 400 broiler chicks. The birds were fed a common proprietary feed (Top Feed) until 2 weeks of age, followed by a treatment diet for 3 weeks of the starter period, then 5 weeks on the finisher diet. At the starter phase, RMD significantly (P < 0.05) decreased liveweight, daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and encouraged poorer feed conversion ratio and higher cost per kilogram weight gain when compared with other diets. TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio. RMD also decreased (P < 0.05) retention of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF) and energy while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) retention of only DM, CP, and energy. At the finisher phase, RMD also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio and increased cost per kg weight gain, while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio. RMD again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP, CF and energy, while TMD, as in the starter phase, again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP and energy. On a cumulative basis, RMD adversely affected (P < 0.05) all the parameters under investigation. TMD affected (P < 0.05) only the feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and cost per kg weight gain. Boiling Mucuna cochinchinensis, therefore, encourages significantly better performance of chicks, higher nutrient retention and lower cost per kg weight gain than toasting, whereas soaking before boiling does not add any advantage to boiling alone.


Author(s):  
Vanille Déru ◽  
Alban Bouquet ◽  
Etienne Labussière ◽  
Philippe Ganier ◽  
Benoît Blanchet ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Weaver ◽  
J. M. Kelly ◽  
K. L. Kind ◽  
K. L. Gatford ◽  
D. J. Kennaway ◽  
...  

Inclusion of high levels of the high-fibre ingredient sugar-beet pulp in pre-mating diets has been shown to increase gonadotrophin concentrations and improve oocyte quality in nulliparous pigs (gilts). This study evaluated the effects of two alternative fibre sources on reproductive performance in gilts. Gilts received one of three diets from 3 weeks before puberty stimulation until Day 19 of the first oestrous cycle: control (39 g kg–1 fibre), bran (500 g kg–1 wheat bran, 65 g kg–1 fibre) or lupin (350 g kg–1 lupin, 118 g kg–1 crude fibre). Diet did not affect circulating LH concentrations or ovarian follicle size. However, a higher percentage of oocytes collected from lupin-supplemented gilts reached metaphase II in vitro compared with those collected from bran-fed or control gilts (89 ± 5% versus 72 ± 5% and 66 ± 5%, respectively; P < 0.05). Furthermore, in a second experiment, gilts fed the same lupin-based diet before mating had improved embryo survival (92 ± 5%) on Day 28 after mating compared with control gilts (76 ± 4%; P < 0.05). Therefore, feeding a high-fibre diet before mating can improve oocyte quality in gilts without changes in circulating LH, but this effect is dependent on the fibre source.


1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. S. Morrow ◽  
N. Walker

SUMMARYTwo experiments of randomized block design were carried out at the Agricultural Research Institute of Northern Ireland in 1991/92 involving groups of 20 pigs fed ad libitum from single-space feeders with built-in water supply from 37 kg to slaughter at 91 kg liveweight.Treatments were replicated 16 and 6 times respectively in Experiments 1 and 2. In the first experiment, one feeder perpen was compared with two feeders per pen positioned side by side. Two feeders increased feed intake (P < 0·05) but had no significant effects on growth rate or feed conversion. With two feeders, the total time that feeders were occupied and the number of visits to feeders were both increased, while the number of enforced withdrawals from feeders and the amount of queuing were both decreased compared with the single feeder. In the second experiment, placing two feeders 2 m or more apart instead of side by side had no significant effects on feed intake or growth rate but improved feed conversion efficiency by 4%. This improvement was associated with fewer and longer visits to feeders but no difference in enforced withdrawals or queuing. In both experiments all treatments showed broadly similar patterns of diurnal feeding behaviour with two peaks of activity daily, a smaller peak pre-midday and a larger one in the afternoon. This pattern was influenced more by number of visits to feeders than by the mean duration of each visit. It is recommended that two single-space feeders are used in pens of 20 finishing pigs when non-pelleted diets are offered ad libitum and that feeders are sited some distance apart, not side by side.


1966 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Braude ◽  
J. G. Rowell

A co-ordinated trial has been carried out with fattening pigs at nineteen centres to compare the effects of the following methods of preparing and presenting the feed: (1) meal fed in the trough; (2) cubes fed in the trough; (3) meal fed off the floor; (4) cubes fed off the floor.Pigs fed meal off the floor had substantially worse growth rate and feed conversion than pigs on any of the other three treatments, probably because of feed wastage. With trough feeding, pigs fed cubes had slightly better growth rate and feed conversion than pigs fed meal. When the feed was given as cubes, there was little to choose between trough feeding and feeding off the floor. Faster growing pigs were slightly fatter and had slightly smaller eye muscles.


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O. Effiong ◽  
B.J. Harry

This research was designed to evaluate the performance of growing pigs fed diets containing cassava peel meal supplemented with three (3) levels of roxazymeG2 enzyme. Fresh cassava peels were gathered, thinly spread on a concrete floor to dry out and milled prior to proximate analysis and feed formulation. Five experimental diets were formulated. Diet one had maize as main energy source, while Diets 2 to 5 had 50% of maize replaced with cassava peel meal. Diets 3, 4 and 5 were further supplemented with roxazyme G2 non starch polysaccharide enzyme at 1g/kg, 1.5g/kg and 2g/kg, respectively. A total of thirty (30) cross bred growing pigs were selected and distributed into five (5) groups on weight equalization basis with six (6) animals per group. Each group was assigned to one of the five (5) experimental diets in a completely randomized design. The growth and economy of production were monitored throughout the 56-day duration of the trial. At the end of the feeding trial, 10 mLs of blood was collected from three animals on each treatment into sample bottles with EDTA for hematological analysis. Data were subjected to analysis of variance procedures. The results revealed that the three (3) levels of dietary enzyme supplementations did not significantly (P˃0.05) influenced the average daily feed intake but influenced the average daily weight gain and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly. Pigs on diets with 1.5 and 2g/kg enzyme supplementation had the highest average daily weight gain of 0.43kg while those on 2g/kg enzyme supplementation diet had the best FCR with value corresponding to 1.74. Dietary enzyme supplementation reduced (P


2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
A. O. Sorunke ◽  
A. O. K. Adesehinwa ◽  
B. A. Boladuro ◽  
D. J. Ogunyemi ◽  
J. O. Abiola ◽  
...  

Consumption of high-fibre diet with non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) has the potential to adversely affect energy and nutrient utilization with consequent reduction in pig performance. This study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of three different enzymes cocktail on growth performance of growing pigs fed high-fibre diets.The basal diet served as control (T1). Treatment 2 (T2) contained 0.3 g/kg diet of A (Xylanase, Cellulase, Protease, Alpha-amylase, Beta-glucanase, Phytase and Pectinase), treatment 3 (T3) contained 0.5 g/kg diet of B (Carbohydrases, Beta-glucanase, Pectinase, Protease) while treatment 4 (T4) contained 0.25 g/kg diet of C (Xylanase, Phytase, Alpha – amylase, Protease, Bacillolysin).Sixty grower pigs of an average initial weight of 26.06 ±0.78 kg were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (T) in a completely randomized design with three replicates per treatment and five animals in each replicate. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Feed intake and weight gain of the pigs were monitored weekly. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the General Linear Model procedures of SAS (2002).There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the performance indices of the pigs though those fedenzyme cocktails had improved daily weight. Lowest feed cost per kg weight gain (? 345.38/kg) was observed in pigs fed diet supplemented with enzyme cocktail at 0.25g/kg. It was concluded that cocktail of enzymes improved daily weight gain of growing pigs fed diets containing non-starch polysaccharides. Also, enzymes cocktail (0.25g/kg) reduced feed cost per kilogram weight gain of the pigs.     La consommation d'aliments riches en fibres avec des polysaccharides non amylacés (NSP) a le potentiel d'affecter négativement l'utilisation de l'énergie et des nutriments avec une réduction conséquente des performances des porcs. Cette étude a été réalisée pour étudier l'efficacité de trois cocktails d'enzymes différents sur les performances de croissance de porcs en croissance nourris avec des régimes riches en fibres. Le régime de base a servi de contrôle (T1). Le traitement 2 (T2) contenait 0,3 g/kg de régime A (Xylanase, Cellulase, Protéase, Alpha-amylase, Bêta-glucanase, Phytase et Pectinase), le traitement 3 (T3) contenait 0,5 g/kg de régime B (Carbohydrases, Bêta -glucanase, Pectinase, Protease) tandis que le traitement 4 (T4) contenait 0,25 g/kg de ration de C (Xylanase, Phytase, Alpha amylase, Protease, Bacillolysin). assignés à quatre traitements diététiques (T) dans une conception complètement randomisée avec trois répétitions par traitement et cinq animaux dans chaque répétition. La nourriture et l'eau étaient fournies ad libitum. La prise alimentaire et le gain de poids des porcs ont été surveillés chaque semaine. Les données ont été soumises à une analyse de variance (ANOVA) à l'aide des procédures du modèle linéaire général de SAS (2002). Il n'y avait pas de différences significatives (P> 0,05) dans les indices de performance des porcs bien que ceux nourris avec des cocktails enzymatiques aient amélioré leur poids quotidien. Le coût alimentaire le plus bas par kg de gain de poids (? 345,38/kg) a été observé chez les porcs nourris avec un régime supplémenté avec un cocktail d'enzymes à 0,25 g/kg. Il a été conclu que le cocktail d'enzymes améliorait le gain de poids quotidien des porcs en croissance nourris avec des régimes contenant des polysaccharides non amylacés. De plus, le cocktail d'enzymes (0,25 g/kg) a réduit le coût des aliments par kilogramme de gain de poids des porcs.


2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Euclydes Drews ◽  
Douglas Haese ◽  
João Luís Kill ◽  
Lucas Lemke Lorenzoni ◽  
Rafael Bozini Pimentel ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to assess the levels of available phosphorus (AP) in the diet of growing pigs selected for lean deposition on the hematological, biochemical, and bone performance parameters. A total of 64 commercial hybrid pigs (32 castrated males and 32 females; mean initial weight: 23.31±2.4kg; age: 55-90 days) were used. Animals were distributed into a randomized block design with four treatments, eight replicates, and two animals (one male and one female) per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of a basal diet and another three diets, which were obtained by supplementing the basal diet with dicalcium phosphate replacing the inert phosphate, resulting in four diets with 0.100, 0.180, 0.260, and 0.340% of available phosphorus. The levels of available phosphorus quadratically influenced the daily weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion, which increased up to the estimated levels 0.331; 0.330, and 0.302% of available phosphorus. Levels of phosphorus showed no influence on the hematological parameters, which remained within the reference values. Levels of available phosphorus increased linearly the ash and phosphorus contents in the metacarpal bone and decreased linearly the alkaline phosphatase activity. Levels of available phosphorus (0.331 and 0.302%, corresponding to a daily intake of 5.73 and 5.18g d-1) provided respectively the best results for weight gain and feed conversion in pigs with high genetic potential, without change in hematological parameters.


1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rushen ◽  
S. Robert ◽  
C. Farmer

AbstractTo understand the mechanism underlying the effect of high-fibre diets on feeding motivation and stereotypic behaviour in pigs, non-pregnant gilts were given either concentrate or a high-fibre diet based on oat hulls and blood samples were assayed for cortisol, glucose, insulin and free fatty acids. The duration of eating was much longer for gilts on the high-fibre diet than gilts given concentrates. Concentrations of cortisol increased with food delivery and this was most pronounced with the concentrate diet. Concentrations of free fatty acids decreased before feeding and those of glucose and insulin decreased temporarily immediately after feeding began. The diet had no marked effect on these changes, although the decrease for insulin was less evident for the concentrate diet. As feeding continued, free fatty acid concentrations decreased, while concentrations of insulin and glucose increased. The increase in glucose and insulin was fastest with the concentrate diet, although post-feeding peak values did not differ. Postprandial cortisol and free fatty acid concentrations did not differ between diets. There was no evidence of a pre-prandial cephalic phase insulin or glucose response to feeding in the gilts although concentrations of both hormones decreased immediately after the gilts began to eat. The high-fibre diet tended to delay the peak glucose and insulin response to meals, suggesting that the reduced feeding motivation following consumption of high-fibre diets does not involve the same mechanism as the increased satiety following increased energy intake. As well as reducing the occurrence of ster eoty pies, high-fibre diets decrease cortisol concentrations at feeding.


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