Contrasting the role of regional and remote circulation in driving the Asian monsoon in HadGEM3-GA7

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Massimo A. Bollasina ◽  
Laura J. Wilcox ◽  
José M. Rodríguez ◽  
Leighton A. Regayre
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Precipitation ◽  
Large Scale Circulation ◽  
Contrast Model ◽  
Atmospheric Component ◽  
Monsoon Variability ◽  
Boundary Layer Processes ◽  
The World

<p>Monsoon biases are long-standing and an important problem to solve because nearly half of the world’s population is affected by monsoon precipitation and circulation. The effect of local and remote circulation biases on Asian monsoon biases is studied with dynamical nudging using the latest version of the atmospheric component of the HadGEM3 model. Constraining the large-scale circulation substantially reduces oceanic biases in precipitation and circulation, particularly over the extra-tropics. Tropical wet biases may become even stronger because of unconstrained convection. By contrast, model biases over land are less sensitive to nudging due to the prominent role of local planetary boundary layer processes in modulating the low-level circulation. Nudging reduces the seasonal excess (deficit) precipitation over India in winter (summer) by reducing the local cyclonic (anti-cyclonic) biases. Constraining the circulation outside Asia demonstrates that the wet (dry) biases are mostly remotely (locally) controlled in winter (summer) over India. The monsoon biases over China show small changes with nudging, suggesting they are more thermodynamically driven. Monsoon variability is improved over India but not over China in nudged simulations. Despite the remaining errors in nudged simulations, our study suggests that nudging serves as a useful tool to disentangle the contribution of regional and remote circulation in generating the monsoon responses.</p>

scholarly journals A Large-Scale COVID-19 Twitter Chatter Dataset for Open Scientific Research—An International Collaboration

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Juan M. Banda ◽  
Ramya Tekumalla ◽  
Guanyu Wang ◽  
Jingyuan Yu ◽  
Tuo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Source

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread worldwide, an unprecedented amount of open data is being generated for medical, genetics, and epidemiological research. The unparalleled rate at which many research groups around the world are releasing data and publications on the ongoing pandemic is allowing other scientists to learn from local experiences and data generated on the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a need to integrate additional data sources that map and measure the role of social dynamics of such a unique worldwide event in biomedical, biological, and epidemiological analyses. For this purpose, we present a large-scale curated dataset of over 1.12 billion tweets, growing daily, related to COVID-19 chatter generated from 1 January 2020 to 27 June 2021 at the time of writing. This data source provides a freely available additional data source for researchers worldwide to conduct a wide and diverse number of research projects, such as epidemiological analyses, emotional and mental responses to social distancing measures, the identification of sources of misinformation, stratified measurement of sentiment towards the pandemic in near real time, among many others.

scholarly journals Addressing the Haze: The Role of Local Traditional Cultures and Islamic Teachings

ICR Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Shahino Mah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Related Mortality

The most frequent transboundary haze in the world takes place in Southeast Asia. It is usually caused by land-use changes, open burning, peat combustion, wildfires, and other farming activities. Serious haze occurred in 1983, 1997, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2015 and 2016, originating from large-scale forest fires in western Sumatra and southern Kalimantan, Indonesia. It caused adverse effects to locals as well as neighbouring countries, affecting their health, economy, agriculture, and biodiversity. Among the serious effects of haze are increased respiratory-related mortality due to toxic airborne particles, jet crashs and ship collisions due to restricted visibility, reduction of crop growth rate due to limited solar radiation, and extinction of endangered primates due to habitat loss. Neighbouring countries like Malaysia and Singapore sometimes have to close schools to prevent people from being exposed to air pollution, and its consequent respiratory ailments.  

scholarly journals Combined high- and low-latitude forcing of East Asian monsoon precipitation variability in the Pliocene warm period

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (46) ◽  
pp. eabc2414
Author(s):  
Yichao Wang ◽  
Huayu Lu ◽  
Kexin Wang ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Yongxiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Central China ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Monsoon Precipitation ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Monsoon Variability ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
Response To Temperature

East Asian monsoon variability in the Pliocene warm world has not been sufficiently studied because of the lack of direct records. We present a high-resolution precipitation record from Pliocene fluvial-lacustrine sequences in the Weihe Basin, Central China, a region sensitive to the East Asian monsoon. The record shows an abrupt monsoon shift at ~4.2 million years ago, interpreted as the result of high-latitude cooling, with an extratropical temperature decrease across a critical threshold. The precipitation time series exhibits a pronounced ~100–thousand year periodicity and the presence of precession and half-precession cycles, which suggest low-latitude forcing. The synchronous phase but mismatched amplitudes of the East Asian monsoon precipitation proxy and eccentricity suggest a nonlinear but sensitive precipitation response to temperature forcing in the Pliocene warm world. These observations highlight the role of high- and low-latitude forcing of East Asian monsoon variations on tectonic and orbital time scales.

Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Hoffman ◽  
Thomas P. Novak
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The World ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The authors address the role of marketing in hypermedia computer-mediated environments (CMEs). Their approach considers hypermedia CMEs to be large-scale (i.e., national or global) networked environments, of which the World Wide Web on the Internet is the first and current global implementation. They introduce marketers to this revolutionary new medium, propose a structural model of consumer navigation behavior in a CME that incorporates the notion of flow, and examine a series of research issues and marketing implications that follow from the model.

How will we Manage Recovery from a Catastrophic Disaster? Organization Structure for Recovery Management in the World

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 889-896
Author(s):  
Norio Maki ◽  
◽  
Laurie A. Johnson ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organization Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organization Structure ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Recovery Management ◽  
Emergent Organizations

The role of recovery organization management is important, and organizations in various forms have been established internationally to aid recovery from large-scale disasters. This paper clarifies three types of recovery organizations by analyzing them in various countries based on disaster organization theory. Furthermore, it analyzes recovery organizations that operated after the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake in Japan. It then examines the operations of recovery organizations during large-scale earthquakes that may lead to a national crisis by comparing recovery organizations internationally. Finally, this paper clarifies the necessity of “emergent” organizations.

scholarly journals Atmospheric Forcing of Debris Flows in the Southern Swiss Alps

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1554-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Toreti ◽  
Michelle Schneuwly-Bollschweiler ◽  
Markus Stoffel ◽  
Jürg Luterbacher
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Precipitation Series ◽  
Large Scale Circulation

AbstractThis article addresses the role of large-scale circulation and thermodynamical features in the release of past debris flows in the Swiss Alps by using classification algorithms, potential instability, and convective time scale. The study is based on a uniquely dense dendrogeomorphic time series of debris flows covering the period 1872–2008, reanalysis data, instrumental time series, and gridded hourly precipitation series (1992–2006) over the area. Results highlight the crucial role of synoptic and mesoscale forcing as well as of convective equilibrium on triggering rainfalls. Two midtropospheric synoptic patterns favor anomalous southwesterly flow toward the area and high potential instability. These findings imply a certain degree of predictability of debris-flow events and can therefore be used to improve existing alert systems.

scholarly journals ‘The challenge now is for us to remain relevant’: Australian public libraries and the COVID-19 crisis

IFLA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 034003522110541
Author(s):  
Simon Wakeling ◽  
Jane Garner ◽  
Philip Hider ◽  
Hamid Jamali ◽  
Jessie Lymn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Delivery Models

The COVID-19 crisis has had a significant impact on public libraries around the world. In Australia, almost all public libraries experienced some period of building closure, requiring libraries to adapt their services and delivery models. This article reports findings from a large-scale survey of public library managers in Australia, which was conducted in August 2020. In particular, it presents the results of a thematic analysis of the participants’ free-text responses to open questions asked as part of the survey. This analysis reveals important insights relating to responses to library closures, staffing issues, new and expanded services and programmes, relationships with parent bodies, and the role of public libraries during the crisis and beyond. While public libraries are perceived by managers to have been agile and adaptable, and to have utilised technology effectively, the findings clearly demonstrate the value to users of library buildings, with important consequences for understanding the role of public libraries.

Crystal River and the Archaeology of Early Village Societies in the American Southeast (and Beyond)

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Pluckhahn ◽  
Victor D. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
The People ◽  
Hunting And Gathering ◽  
The World ◽  
American Southeast ◽  
Crystal River ◽  
Village Societies

In the archaeology of the American Southeast, the Woodland period (from around 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1050) is not conventionally understood as an interval marked by significant “firsts.” But it was marked by a dramatic change in the way people related to one another, as indicated by the earliest widespread appearance of sedentary villages, often associated with large-scale public works like mounds of earth and shell. Crystal River and Roberts Island are examples of these “early villages,” a term archaeologists have used to describe similar societies around the world, typically in reference to societies making a transition from hunting and gathering to farming. However, the people of Crystal River and Roberts Island faced many of the same social and ecological pressures. Early villages are important for what they can tell us about the role of cooperation, collective action, and conflict in the historical process and development of larger and more complex societies.

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