Carbon sources and sequestration: 14C Ramped Pyroxidation in aquatic sediments.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Keaveney ◽  
Gerard Barrett ◽  
Paula Reimer ◽  
Maarten Blaauw
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediment ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Carbon Loss ◽  
Aquatic Sediments ◽  
Rostherne Mere ◽  
Thawing Permafrost

<p>Sequestration of organic carbon in aquatic sediments can depend on its source and potential lability. Studies have shown that bulk lake and marine sediment comprises carbon of different origin but its source has been difficult to attribute. A new Ramped Pyroxidation/Combustion (RPO) system in the <sup>14</sup>CHRONO Centre has been established. RPO is a technique that incrementally heats a sample, and allows for collection of the CO<sub>2 </sub>produced for radiocarbon analyses. The results show its utility in partitioning carbon sources in lake sediment (Rostherne Mere, UK, Santa María del Orolake, Mexico), and arctic marine sediment (Chukchi Sea and Beaufort Shelf). RPO and 2-stepped combustion<sup>1</sup>. <sup>14</sup>C indicated multiple carbon sources in Rostherne Mere sediment, some of which could be attributed to the construction of a sewage treatment works (STW) on the lake shore, and subsequently inputs from this STW. RPO identified 3 carbon fractions in Mexican Lake sediment, which provided a more accurate chronology, partitioning the contemporaneous sediment date from offsets induced from volcanic activity in the area. Results from Arctic marine sediment demonstrated inputs of carbon from ancient permafrost, providing a means to refine the chronologies and a basis for future research linked with carbon loss from thawing permafrost.</p><p><sup>1</sup>Keaveney et al. 2020. Journal of Palaeolimnology 64 347-363</p>

Pyridine Degradation by Suspensions and Biofilms of Achromobacter pulmonis PNOS and Burkholderia dolosa BOS Strains Isolated from Activated Sludge of Sewage Treatment Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
A.A. Sergeeva ◽  
G.V. Ovechkina ◽  
A.Yu. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Mining Institute ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Pyridine Degradation

Bacterial strains capable of degradation of 0.8-15.8 g/1 pyridine hydrochloride have been isolated from activated sludge of municipal biological treatment plants in Perm (BOS) and local treatment facilities of the LUKOIL-Permnefteorgsintez enterprise (PNOS). The strains were identified as Achromobacter pulmonis and Burkholderia dolosa. The optimal pyridine concentration for the growth of the isolated strains was 4.0 g/1. The pyridine degradation during the A. pulmonis PNOS and B. dolosa BOS cultivation on a medium with ammonium chloride and glucose and without additional nitrogen or carbon sources was studied. It was shown that the strains are able to accumulate biomass in a medium with pyridine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source; the addition of glucose to the medium (1 g/L) accelerated the pyridine degradation by A. pulmonis PNOS, but inhibited the process carried out by B. dolosa BOS. B. dolosa BOS and A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms efficiently utilized pyridine during growth on basalt and carbon fibers; the highest rate of pyridine utilization (1.8 g /(L day)) was observed in A. pulmonis PNOS biofilms on basalt fibers. pyridine, biodegradation, activated sludge, biofilms, Achromobacter pulmonis, Burkholderia dolosa The authors grateful to Dr. I.I. Tchaikovsky, Head of the Laboratory of Geology of Mineral Deposits of the Mining Institute, a branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, for help with electron microscopy of the samples. This work was carried out as part of a state assignment on the topic « Study of the Functional and Species Diversity of Microorganisms Useful for Ecocenoses and Human Practical Activity», registration number R&D AAAA-A19-119112290008-4.

scholarly journals Microplastics pollution in China water ecosystems: a review of the abundance, characteristics, fate, risk and removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 1495-1508
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Tang ◽  
Ling Gao ◽  
Hongze Gao ◽  
Zongshi Chen ◽  
Donglei Zou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Water Ecosystems

Abstract Microplastics pollution has been a focus for researchers in recent years worldwide, for the large quantities of plastics in production and the resistance to degradation. China's microplastics pollution attracts much attention because of its long coastline, large population and rapid economic development. This review addresses the widespread microplastics pollution in China's water ecosystems through available research results from recent years and analyses the abundance, characteristics, fate and risk of microplastics. This paper also discusses the current treatment technology of microplastics. The conclusions show that estuaries are severely affected by microplastics pollution; the accumulation of microplastics and adsorption of contaminants by microplastics could also lead to serious risks besides ingestion; there are few technologies that can efficiently remove microplastics pollution in sewage treatment plants. Finally, this review suggests directions for future research trends.

Bacterial Community Assessed by Utilization of Single Carbon Sources in Broiler Ground Meat after Treatment with an Antioxidant, Carnosine, and Cold Plasma

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 1967-1973
Author(s):  
HUNG-YUEH YEH ◽  
JOHN E. LINE ◽  
ARTHUR HINTON ◽  
YUE GAO ◽  
HONG ZHUANG
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ground Meat ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Meat Samples

ABSTRACT Contaminated poultry meat is a major source of human foodborne illnesses. Many interventions have been developed to reduce and/or eliminate human foodborne pathogens in poultry products; however, treatments with cold plasma or carnosine or their combination have not been extensively investigated. In this study, the bacterial microflora of poultry meat samples after treatments with cold plasma and carnosine were characterized with EcoPlates in the OmniLog system. The plates were incubated at 25°C for 7 days in the OmniLog chamber, and bacterial growth was monitored by recording formazan production every 30 min at an optical density of 590 nm. The kinetics of lag, log, and stationary phases of bacterial growth followed the Gompertz sigmoidal model but with different inflection times and asymptotes at the log phase and the stationary phase, respectively. Results indicated that treatment of poultry meat samples with cold plasma technology and carnosine could inhibit growth of the bacteria in the treated meat samples. Of 31 chemicals tested, phenylethylamine, α-d-lactose, d,l-α-glycerol phosphate, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, γ-hydroxybutyric acid, α-ketobutyric acid, and d-malic acid could not be metabolized by bacteria in the meat samples. Future research is required to determine whether these seven chemicals that inhibited growth of bacteria in these meat samples can be used as food preservatives for extending the shelf life of these products. Whether the bacterial flora can be an indicator of effectiveness for meat samples treated with cold plasma, carnosine, or both needs further study. HIGHLIGHTS

Full-Scale Application of Nitrogen Removal with Methanol as Carbon Source

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Nyberg ◽  
H. Aspegren ◽  
B. Andersson ◽  
J. la C. Jansen ◽  
I.S. Villadsen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Level ◽  
Plant Configuration ◽  
Composite Samples

In Sweden many advanced sewage treatment plants for BOD and phosphorus removal have to be extended with nitrogen removal. Due to existing plant configuration and wastewater composition, denitrification with supply of an external carbon source can be a cost-effective solution in many cases. At the Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant in Malmo investigations for extensive nitrogen removal have been made in a single-sludge system with pre-precipitation and post-denitrification where methanol was added for denitrification. Results from the tests showed that a high level of nitrogen removal can be reached, and that the process was stable and easy to operate. The process application gave less supplementary cost for an extended nitrogen removal than for upgrading the plant with larger basin volumes. In order to examine the purification performance caused by the addition of methanol, the starting period was followed extensively with online nitrate sensors and daily composite samples. The development of the denitrif ication capacity of the sludge with methanol and acetate as carbon sources was followed and microbiological changes were examined microscopically. Complete denitrification was obtained after approximately one month at 10°C. The denitrification capacity of the sludge with methanol reached that of acetate after about the same time. The microscopic examination revealed a growing population of budding and/or appendaged bacteria, presumably Hyphomicrobium spp, reaching a stable maximum at the time when optimal nitrate removal occurred.

scholarly journals Azonexus caeni sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from sludge of a wastewater treatment plant

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1043-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe-Xue Quan ◽  
Wan-Taek Im ◽  
Sung-Taik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Denitrifying Bacterium

A polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out to determine the taxonomic position of a newly isolated denitrifying bacterium, designated Slu-05T, which had been isolated from sludge from the main aerobic treatment tanks of a municipal sewage treatment plant. Phylogenetic analysis based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that strain Slu-05T was closely related to Azonexus fungiphilus LMG 19178T (96.4 % sequence similarity), the sole species in the genus Azonexus. Strain Slu-05T comprised Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming and slightly curved rods. The predominant respiratory lipoquinone was Q-8. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0, C18 : 1 isomers and C10 : 0 3-OH. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65.6 mol%. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization (15.6 %) together with phenotypic determination showed that strain Slu-5T could be distinguished from A. fungiphilus. Moreover, some phenotypic properties concerning enzyme activity, the substrates utilized as carbon sources and growth conditions distinguish strain Slu-5T from A. fungiphilus. On the basis of the results obtained in this study, Slu-05T (=DSM 17719T=KCTC 12530T=CCBAU 10199T) is the type strain of a novel species of Azonexus, for which the name Azonexus caeni sp. nov. is proposed.

Sewage Treatment of Post-Denitrification Oxic/Anoxic Biological Filter

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2781-2785
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiao Min Hu ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Tie Heng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Denitrification Rate ◽  
Anoxic Zone ◽  
External Carbon Source ◽  
Biological Filter ◽  
Filter Process ◽  
Oxic Zone ◽  
Better Than

The paper is intended to investigate the effect of denitrification and COD removal in the post-denitrification biological filter process, adding an external carbon source. Tow carbon sources are dosed, methanol and sewage. The experiment performs in a tow-classes biological filter, oxic zone and anoxic zone, indicate that denitrification rate can be instantaneously increased through the addition of either carbon source. The perfect inputs flow of methanol and sewage are 20 mg/L and 0.2Q (Q is the effluent flow). These results indicate that methanol is better than sewage to denitrification as carbon source and the effluent concentration of COD was low.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of a novel Sphingobium yanoikuyae strain variant that uses biohazardous saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds as sole carbon sources

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Mautusi Mitra ◽  
Kevin Manoap-Anh-Khoa Nguyen ◽  
Taylor Wayland Box ◽  
Jesse Scott Gilpin ◽  
Seth Ryan Hamby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Background: Green micro-alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (a Chlorophyte), can be cultured in the laboratory heterotrophically or photo-heterotrophically in Tris-Phosphate-Acetate (TAP) medium, which contains acetate as the carbon source. Chlamydomonas can convert acetate in the TAP medium to glucose via the glyoxylate cycle, a pathway present in many microbes and higher plants. A novel bacterial strain, CC4533, was isolated from a contaminated TAP agar medium culture plate of a Chlamydomonas wild type strain. In this article, we present our research on the isolation, and biochemical and molecular characterizations of CC4533. Methods: We conducted several microbiological tests and spectrophotometric analyses to biochemically characterize CC4533. The 16S rRNA gene of CC4533 was partially sequenced for taxonomic identification. We monitored the growth of CC4533 on Tris-Phosphate (TP) agar medium (lacks a carbon source) containing different sugars, aromatic compounds and saturated hydrocarbons, to see if CC4533 can use these chemicals as the sole source of carbon. Results: CC4533 is a Gram-negative, non-enteric yellow pigmented, aerobic, mesophilic bacillus. It is alpha-hemolytic and oxidase-positive. CC4533 can ferment glucose, sucrose and lactose, is starch hydrolysis-negative, resistant to penicillin, polymyxin B and chloramphenicol. CC4533 is sensitive to neomycin. Preliminary spectrophotometric analyses indicate that CC4533 produces b-carotenes. NCBI-BLAST analyses of the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence of CC4533 show 99.55% DNA sequence identity to that of Sphingobium yanoikuyae strain PR86 and S. yanoikuyae strain NRB095. CC4533 can use cyclo-chloroalkanes, saturated hydrocarbons present in car motor oil, polyhydroxyalkanoate, and mono- and poly-cyclic aromatic compounds, as sole carbon sources for growth. Conclusions: Taxonomically, CC4533 is very closely related to the alpha-proteobacterium S. yanoikuyae, whose genome has been sequenced. Future research is needed to probe the potential of CC4533 for environmental bioremediation. Whole genome sequencing of CC4533 will confirm if it is a novel strain of S. yanoikuyae or a new Sphingobium species.

Investigations of Light Intensities, Nutrient, and Carbon Sources Towards Microalgae Oil Production via Soxhlet Extraction Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wong Yee Ching ◽  
Nur Adilah Shukri
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Light Intensities

: This study was carried out to study the optimized condition for microalgae cultivation in terms of light intensity, nutrient supply, and a carbon source to optimize the microalgae growth to produce microalgae with high biomass productivity and have high lipid content. Microalgae cultivation was carried out with microalgae culture were cultivated under high light intensities and no light condition. The effect of light intensity, NPK fertilizer presence, and glucose presence on microalgae’s biomass production will be observed simultaneously. At the end of cultivation, MX2 obtained the highest biomass, and the biomass was being extracted, which produced 97.186 g of biomass. The oil extraction yield is 9.66%. GCMS analysis showed the presence of UFA and PUFA in the oil. Thus, future research is needed to improve the technique to increase the microalgae biomass and lipid in the future to become the potential feedstock for the production of biodiesel.

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