Urban Hazard Adaptation: Efficiency of a Green Infrastructure in an Italian metropolis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Busca ◽  
Roberto Revelli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Economic Point

<p>In recent years, safeguarding approaches and environmental management initiatives have been adopted both by international institutions and local governments , aimed at sustainable use of natural resources and their restoration, in order to manage hazard level of climate change consequences (urban flooding, droughts and water shortages, sea level rise, issues with food security).</p><p>Cities represent the main collectors of these effects, consequently they need to implement specific adaptation plans mitigating consequences of such future events: Green Infrastructures (G.I.) fall within the most effective tools for achieving the goal. In the urban context, they also identify themselves as valid strategies for biodiversity recovery and ecological functions.</p><p>This work analyzes the role of a G.I. in an urban environment, with the aim of quantifying Ecosystem Services (E.S.) provided by vegetation: through usage of <em>i-Tree</em>, specific software suite for E.S. quantification, the sustainability offered by “Le Vallere” park, a 34-hectares greenspace spread between municipalities of Turin and Moncalieri (Italy), was analyzed, in collaboration with the related management institution (<em>Ente di gestione delle Aree Protette del Po torinese</em>). The study, carried out using two specific tools (<em>i-Tree Eco and i-Tree Hydro</em>), focuses on different aspects: carbon sequestration and storage, atmospheric pollutants reduction, avoided water runoff and water quality improvement are just some of the environmental benefits generated by tree population. Tools enable to carry out the analysis also from an economic point of view, evaluating monetary benefits brought by the green infrastructure both at present day and in the future,  taking into account climate change effects through projections based on the regional climatic model COSMO-CLM (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios).</p><p>The work led to deepen potential held by the greenspace, helping the cooperating management institution  to plan future territorial agenda and to find innovative approaches for an integrated and sustainable hazard control.</p>

scholarly journals Potential economic effects of climate change on Finnish agriculture

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri Kettunen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Fertilizing Effect

In the assessment of the economic effects of climate change, changes in returns and costs have to be taken into consideration. Changes in returns are mainly caused by changes in the yield level. Costs are determined by various factors. Harvesting conditions may improve as the temperatures are higher. However, an increasing need for disease and pest control results in higher costs. Various extensive studies have indicated that rising temperatures with the CO2 fertilizing effect increase the crop potential in Finland. From the economic point of view an increase in yield level is highly significant, because the increase in costs remains quite small, A 10% increase in the yield level raises the farm income by about 6%. Because agriculture is supported in many ways either directly or indirectly, the rise in income level may be offset by lowering the support. Consequently, farmers may not benefit from an increase in the yield level, but the benefit will go to the state economy. However, an increase in the yield level resulting from rising temperatures is advantageous to the national economy, regardless of whether the benefit goes to the farmers or to the state.

scholarly journals BASE: a sustainable path for the University of Milano-Bicocca

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Cristina Messa ◽  
Giacomo Magatti ◽  
Massimiliano Rossetti ◽  
Matteo Colleoni ◽  
Massimo Labra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The University ◽  
And Training

Since its foundation, in 1998, the University of Milano-Bicocca has been pursuing the objective to make its structures sustainable from an environmental, social and economic point of view. To this end, in 2015 the University of Milano-Bicocca created BASE (Bicocca Ambiente Società Economia - Bicocca Environment Society Economy), an internal office aimed at promoting the interaction between research and training and at stimulating sustainability both within the University and outside. BASE proposes a holistic approach to sustainability including energy efficiency, waste reduction, sustainable mobility, climate change attention and water and food supply. The report will focus on the interventions recently carried out in the various fields, paying particular attention to the issues of waste management and of mobility.

scholarly journals A new approach to assess the impact of extreme temperature conditions on social vulnerability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibolya Török ◽  
Adina-Eliza Croitoru ◽  
Titus-Cristian Man
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Vulnerability Index ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The objective of this research is to develop a set of vulnerability indicators and to analyze the effect of climate factors on social vulnerability. While the main aim of the study is to improve the existing methodology by quantifying the effects of climate change on social vulnerability, it also represents a novel scientific contribution in the field, as it delimits for the first time in the Romanian literature the most vulnerable areas from this point of view. This study aims to facilitate the decision-making processes and planning efforts targeting the increase of resilience and adaptive capacity of local communities. By applying the principal component analysis, we have selected 45 variables and have constructed four aggregated indexes. The Climate-Related Social Vulnerability index (CleSoVI) has pointed out that the largest impact on the current vulnerability of settlements in the test region (Cluj County) can be attributed to the lack of adaptive capacity and increased poverty, the most vulnerable areas being represented by the eastern and north-western parts of the county. From a socio-economic point of view, local authorities' efforts should concentrate on reducing the vulnerability of these regions and preparing them to cope with- and adapt to the impact of climate change.

New Route for Spatial Identity — Restoration Strategies of Landscape to Climate Change

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 1915-1919
Author(s):  
Yang Wu ◽  
Kai Fu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Landscape Restoration ◽  
The Status ◽  
Restoration Strategies ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Spatial Identity

The landscape architecture that can adapt to climate is rare in actual project. The reason is that climate change is often seen as a threat, and the countermeasure is to defend and protect the status quo. However, from another point of view to review climate change, the anticipation of the changes can be regarded as the newly emerged opportunities in the specific field. On this occasion, climate change can provide the appearance of landscape with many possibilities and create new identities for it. The paper took Inashiki in Japan as the object of study to examine how to define the opportunities under the extreme climate changes and how to create new spatial identities through landscape restoration strategies to make the restored landscape become one part of the regional green infrastructure.

SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF PEAT EXTRACTION FIELDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Elina Konstantinova ◽  
Liga Brunina ◽  
Aija Persevica
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Peat Extraction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Optimal Information

Peatland self-recovery after peat extraction is restricted and without any purposeful actions, recovery of the territories is disproportionately long. The abandoned peat fields are not only worthless from the point of view of biodiversity but are also large SEG issuers. By developing an inventory of extracted peat fields, it has been concluded that there are about 18,000 ha that are not re-cultivated and for now have lost their natural functions. The peat formation in these areas and ecosystems functions are disturbed or destroyed. There are a number of potential ways of re-cultivation of degraded peatlands that can provide different types of benefits – either to carry out economic activities or to re-naturalise territories. Each of the potential types of re-cultivation is able to deliver different types of benefits. Landowners should select the most appropriate and acceptable option for re-cultivation based on socio-economic, environmental and climate change mitigation criteria. Based on the research and the results obtained, a model for the sustainable use of peat extraction fields has been developed, that provides support for the planning of further use of degraded peatlands. The developed model provides information about financial, economic and environmental benefits of implementing a particular form of re-cultivation. Developed model ensures the optimal information balance between GHG emission reductions, ecosystem service assessments and socio-economic aspects of land use. Based on the findings and using the developed model, it is possible to implement deliberative management decisions regarding degraded peatlands, evaluate potential re-cultivation costs, plan the expected financial return, assess the benefits of climate mitigation and take into account natural values.

scholarly journals Key Factors Influencing Wider Adoption of Blue–Green Infrastructure in Developing Cities

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafsika Drosou ◽  
Robby Soetanto ◽  
Ferry Hermawan ◽  
Ksenia Chmutina ◽  
Lee Bosher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Flood Experience

Numerous fast-growing coastal cities in the Global South are exposed to coastal, fluvial and pluvial floods, as a consequence of decades-long rapid urbanisation and weak enforcement of planning regulations. Integrating Blue–Green Infrastructure (BGI) concepts into the development of the urban landscape has the potential to increase flood resilience and offer broader environmental benefits. BGI is an innovative approach that combines water management and green infrastructure to maintain natural water cycles and enhance environmental and urban renewal. This paper identifies socio-economic, cultural and political challenges influencing BGI adoption in Semarang city in Indonesia. Data was collected from residents of three communities through interviews (n=30), questionnaires (n=180) and focus groups with policymakers and community representatives. The combined quantitative and qualitative data provide an understanding of the specific socio-economic, cultural and political issues at play and reveal flood experience as well as perceptions of community members regarding flood management. Challenges are presented from the point of view of residents and local policymakers and are based on a framework for facilitating local BGI adoption, setting the principles of “inclusive”, “appropriate” and “proactive” as pre-conditions for enhancing community resilience to flooding.

scholarly journals The effect of Geographical Indications on Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1248-1263
Author(s):  
Denise Lemos Garcia ◽  
Gabriel Francisco da Silva ◽  
André Luiz Gomes de Souza ◽  
José Pereira Mascarenhas Bisneto ◽  
Emerson de Sousa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geographical Indications ◽  
Geographical Indication ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Rural Producers

The understanding of a Geographical Indication (GI), under an economic point of view, is connected to a strategy that aims at adding value to products or services whose characteristics are related to the territories in which they are inserted, with the premise of strengthening territorial economies, mainly in rural areas. GIs associated to agri-food products not only add value to these products, but also aim at providing easier access to either internal and/or external markets, promoting the inclusion of rural producers or disfavored regions in terms of commercial trade routes, besides contributing to the sustainable use of biodiversity and, consequently, of local genetic resources. Therefore, this work aims at providing an overview of the main scientific works regarding Geographical Indications (GIs) focused on the development of regional economies, especially in rural areas, considering in natura products. The methodology employed consisted of carrying out a systematic literature review on Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct databases, based on a sequence of themes (Geographical Indication, Economic Development, Brazilian products in natura). Therefore, it was necessary to select the scientific articles corresponding to the combination of keywords, while also considering those works published in the last 10 years and with a score higher than 25 points, according to the criteria adopted in this work. The results of this research demonstrate the importance of GIs for promoting local economic development, through production and local services, adding value to the agri-food market and to its capacity in generating jobs and wealth.

A GIS Based Methodology in Renewable Energy Sources Sustainability

2016 ◽  
pp. 1944-1964
Author(s):  
Emanuela Caiaffa ◽  
Maurizio Pollino ◽  
Alessandro Marucci
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Support Decision Making

The exploitation of renewable energy sources has assumed a significant role, especially in an integrated vision of problems concerning energy policies, The 2009/28/EC Directive of the European Parliament and Council has indicated ambitious energy and climate change objectives for 2020 (according to the so-called “EU2020 Strategy”): greenhouse gas emissions reduction for 20%, renewable energy increase for 20%, improvement in energy efficiency for 20%. The aim of this paper is to present a GIS based methodology able to support decision-making in energy supply from Renewable Energy Sources (RES), focusing on two specific case-studies: Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind energy. To decide what type of renewable energy font is the best choice for a specific territory, it's important to know the local energetic situation, exploring the potential renewable energy sources available in that specific area, deciding what is the territory more compatible/sustainable among them, and if it's exploitable by suitable environmental and economic point of view. The methodology is largely directed towards the development of a tool to support siting decision.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Extreme Temperature Conditions on Social Vulnerability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8510
Author(s):  
Ibolya Török ◽  
Adina-Eliza Croitoru ◽  
Titus-Cristian Man
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Vulnerability Index ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to improve the existing methodology by quantifying the effects of climate change on social vulnerability by developing a set of vulnerability indicators. It delimits for the first time in Romania the most vulnerable areas from this point of view and facilitates the decision-making processes and planning efforts targeting the increase of resilience and adaptive capacity of local communities. We selected 35 variables and constructed four aggregated indexes by applying the principal component analysis, and then the Climate-Related Social Vulnerability index (CleSoVI) index was derived. It pointed out that the most significant impact on the vulnerability of settlements in the test region (Cluj County) can be attributed to the lack of adaptive capacity and increased poverty. The most vulnerable areas are located in the northern and south-eastern parts of the county. From a socio-economic point of view, local authorities’ efforts should reduce the vulnerability of these regions and prepare them to cope with and adapt to the impact of climate change.

FORMS OF TRANSFER OF FUNCTION ON PROVISION OF PUBLIC SERVICE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Khmyz ◽  
◽  
Myroslav Kovaliv ◽  
Nellі Heorhiadi ◽  
Oleksandra Khytra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Transfer Of Function ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Function Activity

The article is devoted to the study of the forms of transfer of functions for the provision of public services. The article reveals the administrative and legal characteristics of outsourcing in the provision of public services against the background of economic and legal characteristics. From an economic point of view, outsourcing is a tool for optimizing an organization, expressed in the transfer of certain activities from one organization to the implementation of another organization specializing in the relevant field. From the point of view of the place of outsourcing, the forms of transferring the performance of a function (activity) from one subject to another have been investigated, with the help of which it has been established that outsourcing can be applied in the public and private spheres. Outsourcing is essentially a form of public-private partnership, if the latter is understood broadly. It is highlighted that outsourcing should not be equated, firstly, with the complete transfer of the function (activity) in the private sector with the refusal of the state to participate in its implementation through its bodies and subordinate organizations, and secondly, with the permission of an indefinite number of subjects of the private sphere activities along with the state and local governments. The goal of outsourcing is to create competitive advantages that arise, firstly, due to saving time by eliminating the need to optimize your own business processes on your own; secondly, thanks to savings in financial and material resources; thirdly, due to the better performance of the business process by another organization, if it really is a professional.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document