The Use of Edible Plants for Rhizofiltration under Different Hydroponic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
juyeon Lee ◽  
minjune Yang
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Uranium Accumulation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

<p>This study conducted a rhizofiltration experiment for uranium-removal with the edible plants (<em>Lactuca sativa, Brassica campestris </em>L., <em>Raphanus sativus </em>L., and <em>Oenanthe javanica</em>) which generally consumed in South Korea. Various batch experiments were performed with different initial uranium concentrations, pH conditions, and genuine groundwater. The results showed the uranium accumulation and bioconcentration factor (BCF) of plant roots increase with an increase in initial uranium concentrations in the solution. Of the four plants, the amount of uranium accumulated in <em>Raphanus sativus </em>L. roots was 1215.8 μg/g DW with the maximum BCF value of 2692.7. The BCF value based on various pH conditions (pHs 3, 5, 7 and 9) of artificial solutions was highest at pH 3 for all four plants, and the BCF value of <em>Brassica campestris </em>L. was the maximum of 11580.3 at pH 3. As a result of rhizofiltration experiments with genuine groundwater contaminated with uranium, the BCF values of <em>Raphanus sativus </em>L. were 1684.7 and 1700.1, the highest among the four species, in Oesam-dong and Bugokdong groundwater samples with uranium concentration of 83 and 173 μg/L. From SEM/EDS analysis, it was confirmed that uranium in contaminated groundwater was adsorbed as a solid phase on the root surface. These results demonstrate that <em>Raphanus sativus </em>L. not only has a high tolerance to high concentrations of uranium and low pH conditions but also has a remarkable potential for uranium accumulation capacity.</p>

scholarly journals Uranium Rhizofiltration by Lactuca sativa, Brassica campestris L., Raphanus sativus L., Oenanthe javanica under Different Hydroponic Conditions

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Yikyeong Han ◽  
Juyeon Lee ◽  
Changmin Kim ◽  
Jinyoung Park ◽  
Minhee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Uranium Accumulation ◽  
Oenanthe Javanica ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

Rhizofiltration experiments were conducted using uranium-contaminated groundwater and lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and buttercup (Oenanthe javanica), which are commonly grown and consumed in South Korea. The results of the rhizofiltration experiments with artificial solutions with different initial uranium concentrations (18, 32, 84, 116, 173, and 263 μg/L) show that the uranium accumulation and bioconcentration factor (BCF) of plant roots increase with increasing uranium concentration in the groundwater. Among the four plants, the uranium concentration in the roots of Raphanus sativus L. is 1215.8 μg/g dry weight, with a maximum BCF value of 2692.7. The BCF value of the artificial solutions with various pH values (pH 3, 5, 7, and 9) is the highest under acidic conditions (pH 3) for all four plants. The uranium BCF values based on different hydroponic conditions range from 170.5 to 11580.3 and the results are comparable with those of other studies using similar methods; the highest BCF value was determined for Brassica campestris L. at pH 3. The BCF values of Raphanus sativus L. after the rhizofiltration experiments with genuine groundwater contaminated with uranium are the highest among the four species; that is, 1684.7 and 1700.1 in Oesam-dong and Bugokdong groundwater samples with uranium concentrations of 83 and 173 μg/L, respectively. The results of the scanning electron microscope/electron dispersive X-ray spectroscope analyses show that uranium in contaminated groundwater is adsorbed as a solid phase on the root surface. These results demonstrate that Raphanus sativus L. has a high tolerance to high concentrations of uranium and low pH conditions and a remarkable potential for uranium accumulation.

Geochemical characteristics of deep groundwater from sandstone aquifer in Qianyingzi mine, northern Anhui province, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Rong Gui
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Reaction ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Piper Diagram ◽  
Sandstone Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Approach ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
High Concentrations

Major ions, trace elements and isotope concentrations for eight groundwater samples were tested, which collected from sandstone aquifer in Qianyingzi mine, northern Anhui province, China. The Geochemical characteristic of groundwater samples were studied based on the conventional graphical and multivariate statistical approach, and the resulted showed: two types of groundwater could be identified through the Piper diagram, which have high concentrations total dissolved solids (1,164–5,165 mg/L), with alkaline environment (pH = 8.02–8.90) in nature; the rare earth element of groundwater samples are characterized by enrichment of HREEs compared to LREEs when normalized to PAAS, which presented from the NdSN/YbSN ratios ranging from 0.042 to 0.121, with an average 0.075; groundwater characterized by negative Ce anomalies and positive Eu anomalies, what could be caused by the Ph conditions and exchange reaction between Eu2+ and Sr2+, respectively; δ18O and δ2H of groundwater varied from −8.78 to −8.36‰ and −68.5 to −59.5‰, respectively. The detritus and the exchange reaction between groundwater and alkyl could be the reason of obviously drift of δ2H.

scholarly journals Uptake and accumulation of di-n-butyl phthalate in six leafy vegetables under hydroponic conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Huang-qian Yan ◽  
Xiang-yang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

Abstract The uptake and accumulation of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in six leafy vegetables was investigated under hydroponic conditions. The test vegetables were six varieties of Brassica campestris ssp., including Kangresijiqing (KRSJQ), Xiadiqing (XDQ), Ziyoucai (ZYC), Aijiaohuang (AJH), Shanghaiqing (SHQ) and Gaogengbai (GGB). The root concentration factor (RCF), translocation factor (TF) and transpiration stream concentration factor (TSCF) were calculated in order to compare the difference of uptake and accumulation behaviours of DBP in vegetable varieties. The results showed that DBP was easily concentrated in vegetable roots, but was poorly translocated from the roots to the shoots. Among the six vegetables, the ability of concentrating DBP from the solution to shoots was the highest in GGB, followed by ZYC, KRSJQ, AJH, SHQ and XDQ. High concentrations of DBP (5.0 mg/L) seem to inhibit normal physiological activity in the vegetables, which resulted in a higher RCF and a lower TF and TSCF than in low-concentration treatment. The results will help to evaluate the safety of agricultural products and to provide evidence for screening DBP pollution-safe vegetable cultivars. Graphical abstract

Emissions of porewater compounds and gases from the subaquatic sediment disposal site “rodewischhafen”, hamburg harbour

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kussmaul ◽  
A. Groengroeft ◽  
H. Koethe
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
Dredged Material ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Deposit Surface ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mud Deposit

In the year 1993 a confined and unused harbour basin was used to store 290,000 m3 of fine-grained dredged material from Hamburg harbour. About 70% of the deposit surface was water covered. The edge areas were above the water table and covered with reed. Emissions of dissolved compounds into the groundwater, as well as surface gas emissions were measured from 1994 to 1996. As indicators for water fluxes from the deposit we used NH4+ and HCO3− because of their high concentrations in mud porewater in comparison to groundwater. The average concentrations of NH4+ and HCO3− in the porewater increased during 2 years from 85 to 250 mg NH4+ 1−1 and from 2.0 to 3.1 g HCO3− 1−1, while the groundwater samples showed constant values of 8 mg NH4+ 1−1 and 0.7 g HCO3− 1−1. Furthermore, the average gas emissions over the water surface were 3.2 g CH4 m−2 d−1 and 0.8 g CO2 m−2 d−1. In contrast, no methane and 3.0 g CO2 m−2 d−1 were emitted from land areas. The results indicated, that there were no significant emissions of mud porewater compounds into the groundwater but high CH4-emissions over the water covered surface of the mud deposit.

scholarly journals Fe3O4@C Nanoparticles Synthesized by In Situ Solid-Phase Method for Removal of Methylene Blue

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Hengli Xiang ◽  
Genkuan Ren ◽  
Yanjun Zhong ◽  
Dehua Xu ◽  
Zhiye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
High Concentrations

Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were prepared by an in situ, solid-phase reaction, without any precursor, using FeSO4, FeS2, and PVP K30 as raw materials. The nanoparticles were utilized to decolorize high concentrations methylene blue (MB). The results indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity of the Fe3O4@C nanoparticles was 18.52 mg/g, and that the adsorption process was exothermic. Additionally, by employing H2O2 as the initiator of a Fenton-like reaction, the removal efficiency of 100 mg/L MB reached ~99% with Fe3O4@C nanoparticles, while that of MB was only ~34% using pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The mechanism of H2O2 activated on the Fe3O4@C nanoparticles and the possible degradation pathways of MB are discussed. The Fe3O4@C nanoparticles retained high catalytic activity after five usage cycles. This work describes a facile method for producing Fe3O4@C nanoparticles with excellent catalytic reactivity, and therefore, represents a promising approach for the industrial production of Fe3O4@C nanoparticles for the treatment of high concentrations of dyes in wastewater.

Measurement of Plasma 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D Using a Novel Immunoextraction Technique and Immunoassay with Iodine Labelled Vitamin D Tracer

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 632-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
W D Fraser ◽  
B H Durham ◽  
J L Berry ◽  
E B Mawer
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
High Concentrations

We evaluated a novel assay for the measurement of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25 (OH)2D). Immunoextraction of 1,25 (OH)2D is performed using a mini column containing a solid-phase monoclonal antibody followed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) using an 125I-labelled 1,25 (OH)2D derivative tracer and Sac-cell separation. The mean recovery of 1,25(OH)2D3 was 101%, linearity was excellent, inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation were 9, 8 and 13% and 11, 10 and 14% at low, medium and high concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3, respectively. The cross-reactivity of vitamin D metabolites was <0·0015% for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 24, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and dihydrotachysterol and 0·54% for lα calcidol. 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D2 cross-reactivity was 79%. The detection limit of the assay was 5pmol/L. Comparison with a commercial radio receptor assay (RRA) and an in-house RIA gave regression equations of y = 0·94x+11·8 ( r = 0·98) and y = 0·91x-1·7 ( r = 0.95), respectively, with no major discrepancies between the methods in all patient groups studied. Plasma concentrations of 1,25 (OH)2D obtained with the assay were as follows: normal, unsupplemented subjects: mean 88, range 48–155 pmol/L, n = 68, patients with chronic renal failure: mean 11, range 3–36 pmol/L, n = 27, primary hyperparathyroidism: mean 198, range 130–299 pmol/L, n = 23, Paget's disease: mean 92, range 42–149 pmol/L, n = 24, osteomalacia: mean 43, range 27–61 pmol/L, n = 9. A minimum sample volume of 300 μL is required, the hands-on time is significantly less than other commercial assays and the measuring procedure is gamma counting rather than scintillation counting. The assay offers several advantages over previous methods and should allow more laboratories to offer measurement of 1,25 (OH)2D as part of their repertoire.

scholarly journals Impacts of Leachate Percolation on Ground Water Quality: A Case Study of Dhanbad City

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-174 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

<div> <p>This paper presents an assessment of the impact of uncontrolled and unscientific disposal of MSW on ground water in Dhanbad city, India. In this study, ground water quality around municipal solid waste disposal sites was investigated. Ground water quality analysis was carried out on samples collected at various distances from two disposal sites. The study has revealed that the ground water quality near dumping sites does not conform to the drinking water quality standards as per IS:10500. The impacts of indiscriminate dumping activity on ground water appeared most clearly as high concentrations of total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, chlorides, chemical oxygen demand, and sulphates. High amount of metals like Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cd, Cu, Ni, Fe, Zn and Mn has also been detected in the groundwater samples near dumping area. Leachate characterization study also reveals high potential for groundwater contamination. Presence of feacal coliform contamination in groundwater samples indicates potential health risk for individuals exposed to this water.&nbsp;</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Effects of Soybean Pectin Gel on Flavor Compounds Variation of Cheddar Cheeses during Ripening

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 797-800
Author(s):  
He Liu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Ping Geng ◽  
Yu Tang He ◽  
Tao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Flavor Compounds ◽  
Volatile Substances ◽  
Pectin Gel ◽  
High Concentrations

In this manuscript, flavor compounds development of Cheddar Cheese with addition of soybean pectin gel was investigated during ripening. A rapid and simple Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) procedure was used for identifying and classifying the volatile compounds. The result showed that addition of soybean pectin gel to cheese had similar flavor profiles with full-fat cheeses. Higher levels of acid volatile compounds and aldehydes were obtained in comparison with experimental cheese. Results simultaneously indicated that experimental cheeses contained high concentrations of volatile amine as soybean pectin gel promoting the volatile substances.

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