scholarly journals Modelling microbiological water quality in the Seine river drainage network: past, present and future situations

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1153-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Servais ◽  
G. Billen ◽  
A. Goncalves ◽  
T. Garcia-Armisen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Large River ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Seine River ◽  
Microbiological Water Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The Seine river watershed is characterized by a high population density and intense agricultural activities. Data show low microbiological water quality in the main rivers (Seine, Marne, Oise) of the watershed. Today, there is an increasing pressure from different social groups to restore microbiological water quality in order to both increase the safety of drinking water production and to restore the possible use of these rivers for bathing and rowing activities, as they were in the past. A model, appended to the hydro-ecological SENEQUE/Riverstrahler model describing the functioning of large river systems, was developed to describe the dynamics of faecal coliforms (FC), the most usual faecal contamination indicator. The model is able to calculate the distribution of FC abundance in the whole drainage network resulting from land use and wastewater management in the watershed. The model was validated by comparing calculated FC concentrations with available field data for some well-documented situations in different river stretches of the Seine drainage network. Once validated, the model was used to test various predictive scenarios, as, for example, the impact of the modifications in wastewater treatment planned at the 2012 horizon in the Seine watershed in the scope of the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive. The model was also used to investigate past situations. In particular, the variations of the microbiological water quality in the Parisian area due to population increase and modifications in wastewater management were estimated over the last century. It was shown that the present standards for bathing and other aquatic recreational activities are not met in the large tributaries upstream from Paris since the middle of the 1950's, and at least since the middle of the XIXth century in the main branch of the Seine river downstream from Paris. Efforts carried out for improving urban wastewater treatment in terms or organic matter and nutrient loading resulted in a sensible reduction of microbiological contamination, but were not specific enough toward bacteriological contamination for achieving the objective of restoring levels compatible with bathing activities in the Parisian area.

scholarly journals Modelling microbiological water quality in the Seine river drainage network: past, present and future situations

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1581-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Servais ◽  
G. Billen ◽  
A. Goncalves ◽  
T. Garcia-Armisen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Large River ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Seine River ◽  
Microbiological Water Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The Seine river watershed is characterized by a high population density and intense agricultural activities. Data show low microbiological water quality in the main rivers (Seine, Marne, Oise) of the watershed. Today, there is an increasing pressure from different social groups to restore microbiological water quality in order to both increase the safety of drinking water production and to restore the possible use of these rivers for bathing and rowing activities, as they were in the past. A model, appended to the hydro-ecological SENEQUE/Riverstrahler model describing the functioning of large river systems, was developed to describe the dynamics of faecal coliforms (FC), the most usual faecal contamination indicator. The model is able to calculate the distribution of FC concentrations in the whole drainage network resulting from land use and wastewater management in the watershed. The model was validated by comparing calculated FC concentrations with available field data for some well-documented situations in different river stretches of the Seine drainage network. Once validated, the model was used to test various predictive scenarios, as, for example, the impact of the modifications in wastewater treatment planned at the 2012 horizon in the Seine watershed in the scope of the implementation of the european water framework directive. The model was also used to investigate past situations. In particular, the variations of the microbiological water quality in the Parisian area due to population increase and modifications in wastewater management were estimated over the last century. It was shown that the present standards for bathing and other aquatic recreational activities are not met in the large tributaries upstream from Paris since the middle of the 1950's, and at least since the middle of the XIXth century in the main branch of the Seine river downstream from Paris. Efforts carried out for improving urban wastewater treatment in terms or organic matter and nutrient loading resulted in a sensible reduction of microbiological contamination, but were not specific enough toward bacteriological contamination for achieving the objective of restoring levels compatible with bathing activities in the Parisian area.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN AIR LIMBAH RUMAH POTONG HEWAN DI RPH X, KOTA BOGOR, PROVINSI JAWA BARAT (Wastewater Management of Slaughterhouse in Slaughterhouse X, Bogor City, West Java Province)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Irma Lubis ◽  
Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo ◽  
Roekmijati W. Soemantojo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

ABSTRAKAir limbah Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) yang tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dan gangguan pada masyarakat yang bertempat tinggal di sekitar RPH. Sejak RPH X beroperasi pada tahun 2009, pengelolaan air limbah RPH X masih belum berjalan optimal. Hal ini dikarenakan air limbah RPH X masih dilihat sebagai materi yang tidak berguna dan dibuang. Saat ini, praktik pengelolaan air limbah RPH X dilakukan dengan menggabungkan semua air limbah kemudian air limbah tersebut diolah dengan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). Riset ini mencoba menganalisis praktik pemotongan sapi, fasilitas RPH, pengelolaan air limbah RPH, kualitas air limbah RPH, dan dampak limbah RPH pada masyarakat. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif, melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan uji laboratorium. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa praktik pemotongan sapi di RPH X termasuk kategori baik, fasilitas RPH X termasuk kategori kurang sesuai dengan persyaratan, pengelolaan air limbah RPH X belum berjalan optimal, kualitas air outlet IPAL telah memenuhi baku mutu, dan dampak limbah RPH X pada masyarakat berupa gangguan bau yang dirasakan oleh 100% responden dan gangguan kesehatan berupa mual yang dirasakan oleh 41% responden. Alternatif peningkatan dalam pengelolaan air limbah RPH yang dapat dilakukan adalah minimisasi air limbah melalui segregasi dan pemanfaatan air limbah RPH.Kata kunci:    Rumah Potong Hewan, praktik pemotongan sapi, fasilitas RPH, pengelolaan air limbah RPH, kualitas air limbah RPH, dampak limbah RPH, minimisasiABSTRACTWastewater of slaughterhouse is not managed optimally can cause environmental problems and disruption to communities living around the slaughterhouse. Since slaughterhouse X operates in 2009, wastewater management of the slaughterhouse X is not managed optimally. This is because the wastewater of the slaughterhouse X is seen as useless and discarded material. Currently, the wastewater management of the slaughterhouse X is carried out by mixing all of the wastewater and then the wastewater is treated by Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). This study analyzes practice of cattle slaughtering, slaughterhouse facilities, wastewater management, wastewater quality, impact of slaughterhouse waste. This study exercises quantitative and qualitative methods, through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and laboratory test. The results showed that the practice of cattle slaughtering was categorized into good, the slaughterhouse X facilities were categorized into less suitable, the wastewater management of slaughterhouse X is still not managed optimally, the wastewater quality of WWTP outlet is comply with water quality standards, and the impact of slaughterhouse waste to the communities living around the slaughterhouse is odor disruption felt by 100% of respondents and health issue are nauseous felt by 41% of respondents. An alternative to improving wastewater management of slaughterhouse is minimization through segregation and utilization of slaughterhouse wastewater.

Predicting change in biogeochemical potential of subsurface systems with changing hydrogeological conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swamini Khurana ◽  
Falk Heße ◽  
Martin Thullner
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Reaction Network ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
External Forcing ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

<p>In a changing climate scenario, we expect weather event patterns to change, both in frequency and in intensity. The subsequent impacts of these changing patterns on ecosystem functions are of great interest. Water quality particularly is critical due to public health concerns. Already, seasonal variation of water quality has been attributed to varying microbial community assemblages and nutrient loading in the corresponding water body but the contribution of the variations in the quantity of groundwater recharge is a missing link. It is thus beneficial to establish links between external forcing such as changing infiltration rate or recharge on nutrient cycling in the subsurface. We undertake this study to investigate the impact of temporal variation in external forcing on the biogeochemical potential of spatially heterogeneous subsurface systems using a numerical modeling approach. We used geostatistical tools to generate spatial random fields by considering difference combinations of the variance in the log conductivity field and the anisotropy of the domain. Tuning these two parameters assists in effective representation of a wide variety of geologic materials with varying intensity of preferential flow paths in the heterogeneous domain. We ran simulations using OGS#BRNS that enables us to combine a flexibly defined microbial mediated reaction network with the mentioned spatially heterogeneous domains in transient conditions. We propose that a combination of estimated field indicators of Damköhler number, Peclet number (transformed Damköhler number: Da<sub>t</sub>), and projected temporal dynamics in surface conditions can assist us in predicting the change in biogeochemical potential of the subsurface system. Preliminary results indicate that we miss potentially critical variations in reactive species concentration if we neglect spatio-temporal heterogeneities for regimes where 1<Da<sub>t</sub><40. For regimes characterized by values outside this range, we propose that spatio-temporal heterogeneities due to subsurface structure and changing hydrological forcing may not be relevant.</p>

Microbiological requirements for safe drinking water production at a large river impacted by human wastewater: a scenario analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Demeter ◽  
Julia Derx ◽  
Jürgen Komma ◽  
Juraj Parajka ◽  
Jack Schijven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Large River ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Reference Scenario ◽  
Safe Drinking Water

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Rivers are important sources for drinking water supply, however, they are often impacted by wastewater discharges from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and combined sewer overflows (CSO). Reduction of the faecal pollution burden is possible through enhanced wastewater treatment or prevention of CSOs. Few methodological efforts have been made so far to investigate how these measures would affect the long-term treatment requirements for microbiologically safe drinking water supply under future changes.</p><p><strong>Objectives</strong>: This study aimed to apply a new integrative approach to decipher the interplay between the effects of future changes and wastewater management measures on the required treatment of river water to produce safe drinking water. We investigated scenarios of climate change and population growth, in combination with different wastewater management scenarios (i.e., no upgrades and upgrades at WWTPs, CSOs, and both). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate this interplay. We focussed on the viral index pathogens norovirus and enterovirus and made a cross-comparison with a bacterial and a protozoan reference pathogen (Campylobacter and Cryptosporidium).</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: We significantly extended QMRAcatch (v1.0 Python), a probabilistic-deterministic model that combines virus fate and transport modelling in the river with quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). To investigate the impact of climatic changes, we used a conceptual semi-distributed hydrological model and regional climate model outputs to simulate river discharges for the period 2035 – 2049. We assumed that population growth leads to a corresponding increase in WWTP discharges. QMRAcatch was successfully calibrated and validated based on a four-year dataset of a human-associated genetic MST marker and enterovirus. The study site was the Danube in Vienna, Austria.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: In the reference scenario, approx. 98% of the enterovirus and norovirus loads at the study site (median: 10<sup>10</sup> and 10<sup>13</sup> N/d) originated from WWTP effluent, while the remainder was via CSO events. The required log reduction value (LRV) to produce safe drinking water was 6.3 and 8.4 log<sub>10</sub> for enterovirus and norovirus. Future changes in population size, river flows and CSO events did not affect these treatment requirements, and neither did the prevention of CSOs. In contrast, in the scenario of enhanced wastewater treatment, which showed lower LRVs by 2.0 and 1.3 log<sub>10</sub>, climate-change-driven increases in CSO events had a considerable impact on the treatment requirements, as they affected the main pollution source. Preventing CSOs and installing enhanced treatment at the WWTPs together had the most significant positive effect with a reduction of LRVs by 3.9 and 3.8 log<sub>10</sub> compared to the reference scenario.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The integrative modelling approach was successfully realised. The simultaneous consideration of source apportionment and concentrations of the reference pathogens were found crucial to understand the interplay among the effects of climate change, population growth and pollution control measures. The approach was demonstrated for a study site representing a large river impacted by WWTP and CSO discharges, but is applicable at other sites to support long term water safety planning.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of the distribution of domestic wastewater in the Brantas river area of Malang city

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Prihatiningsih Bekti ◽  
Zaenal Kusuma ◽  
Agus Suharyanto ◽  
Amin Setyoleksono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Momentary Sampling ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
The Impact

The degradation of water quality has become a major problem today. In Indonesia, the decline in water quality is caused by domestic wastewater which is a non-point source. In an effort to reduce the occurrence of environmental degradation due to domestic wastewater, it is necessary to give an idea and convince the public and the relevant parties of the importance of domestic wastewater management. Efforts are made by informing the pattern of distribution of domestic wastewater in a region and the impact of its distribution for its control and management. The research method uses a momentary sampling technique in accordance with SNI 6989.59:2008. The location of the water sampling is determined purposively. Sampling was conducted in two periods; the dry season in September and the rainy season in January. The observed parameters included BOD5 and E.coli. Determination of the distribution of domestic wastewater uses GIS. The distribution of domestic wastewater is determined based on pollution levels expressed as IP. The results show that pollution levels in Sawojajar and Sumbersari were lightly polluted with average IPs of 4.09 and 4.02 (dry season). While Kedungkandang is in the good category, IP = 0.32 (dry season).

scholarly journals Community-based wastewater treatment systems and water quality of an Indonesian village

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Lim ◽  
L. Y. Lee ◽  
S. E. Bramono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Irrigation Canals ◽  
Community Based ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of community-based water treatment systems on water quality in a peri-urban village in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Water samples were taken from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), irrigation canals, paddy fields and wells during the dry and wet seasons. The samples were tested for biological and chemical oxygen demand, nutrients (ammonia, nitrate, total nitrogen and total phosphorus) and Escherichia coli. Water quality in this village is affected by the presence of active septic tanks, WWTP effluent discharge, small-scale tempe industries and external sources. We found that the WWTPs remove oxygen-demanding wastes effectively but discharged nutrients, such as nitrate and ammonia, into irrigation canals. Irrigation canals had high levels of E. coli as well as oxygen-demanding wastes. Well samples had high E. coli, nitrate and total nitrogen levels. Rainfall tended to increase concentrations of biological and chemical oxygen demand and some nutrients. All our samples fell within the drinking water standards for nitrate but failed the international and Indonesian standards for E. coli. Water quality in this village can be improved by improving the WWTP treatment of nutrients, encouraging more villagers to be connected to WWTPs and controlling hotspot contamination areas in the village.

scholarly journals Remediation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Nursery Runoff during the Spring via Free Water Surface Constructed Wetlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. White ◽  
Milton D. Taylor ◽  
Stewart L. Chandler ◽  
Ted Whitwell ◽  
Stephen J. Klaine
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Free Water Surface ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Agricultural operations face increasing pressure to remediate runoff to reduce deterioration of surface water quality. Some nursery operations use free water surface constructed wetland systems (CWSs) to remediate nutrient-rich runoff. Our objectives were twofold, first to examine the impact of two hydraulic retention times (HRT, 3.5 and 5.5 day) on CWS performance, and second to determine if increased nutrient loading from internal CWS and nursery sources during the spring contributed to nutrient export in excess of regulatory limits. We quantified nutrient loading and removal efficiency in a free water surface CWS from late winter through late spring over three years and monitored various water quality parameters. Total nitrogen in runoff was reduced from 20.6 ± 2.8 mg·liter−1 (ppm) to 4.1 ± 1.3 mg·liter−1 (ppm) nitrogen after CWS treatment. Phosphorus dynamics in the CWS were more variable and unlike nitrogen dynamics were not consistently influenced by water temperature and hydraulic loading rate. Phosphorus concentrations were reduced from 1.7 ± 0.8 mg·liter−1 (ppm) PO4-P in influent to 1.2 ± 0.6 mg·liter−1 (ppm) PO4-P in CWS effluent, but substantial variability existed among years in both phosphorus loading and removal rates. The CWS was able to efficiently remediate nitrogen even under high spring loading rates.

Aquaculture impacts on the algal and bacterial communities in a small boreal forest lakeThis paper is part of the series “Forty Years of Aquatic Research at the Experimental Lakes Area”.

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1936-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Findlay ◽  
Cheryl L. Podemski ◽  
Susan E.M. Kasian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Total N ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
The Impact

A whole-lake experiment to examine the impacts of aquaculture on a freshwater ecosystem was conducted at the Experimental Lakes Area in northwestern Ontario, Canada. From 2003 to 2006, a 10 tonne fish capacity aquaculture cage stocked with rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) was operated in Lake 375 and the impact of excess nutrients on the algal and bacteria communities was examined. The experiment was designed as a nutrient loading experiment with fish food and fish excretion the source of nutrients. Total N and P concentrations increased over the 4 years (15× and 4×, respectively). Phytoplankton biomass increased 4× annually following the start of aquaculture operation in 2003. The most dramatic responses occurred during spring and fall mixing, with blooms of chrysophytes and dinoflagellates increasing biomass by up to 12×. Bacteria biomass and densities were unaffected except for increases in late fall. Periphyton biomass was relatively unaffected except for an increase in biomass in the fourth year. The combination of a long water residence time in the lake coupled with an extremely high fish stocking density in Lake 375 resulted in an immediate impact on water quality. The results suggest that the impacts of aquaculture are accumulative and continual stocking will further impact water quality.

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