scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF AIRBORNE IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY AT CZECHGLOBE

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hanuš ◽  
T. Fabiánek ◽  
L. Fajmon
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Imaging Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Processing Chain

Ecosystems, their services, structures and functions are affected by complex environmental processes, which are both natural and human-induced and globally changing. In order to understand how ecosystems behave in globally changing environment, it is important to monitor the current status of ecosystems and their structural and functional changes in time and space. An essential tool allowing monitoring of ecosystems is remote sensing (RS). Many ecosystems variables are being translated into a spectral response recorded by RS instruments. It is however important to understand the complexity and synergies of the key ecosystem variables influencing the reflected signal. This can be achieved by analysing high resolution RS data from multiple sources acquired simultaneously from the same platform. Such a system has been recently built at CzechGlobe - Global Change Research Institute (The Czech Academy of Sciences). <br><br> CzechGlobe has been significantly extending its research infrastructure in the last years, which allows advanced monitoring of ecosystem changes at hierarchical levels spanning from molecules to entire ecosystems. One of the CzechGlobe components is a laboratory of imaging spectroscopy. The laboratory is now operating a new platform for advanced remote sensing observations called FLIS (Flying Laboratory of Imaging Spectroscopy). FLIS consists of an airborne carrier equipped with passive RS systems. The core instrument of FLIS is a hyperspectral imaging system provided by Itres Ltd. The hyperspectral system consists of three spectroradiometers (CASI 1500, SASI 600 and TASI 600) that cover the reflective spectral range from 380 to 2450 nm, as well as the thermal range from 8 to 11.5 μm. The airborne platform is prepared for mounting of full-waveform laser scanner Riegl-Q780 as well, however a laser scanner is not a permanent part of FLIS. In 2014 the installation of the hyperspectral scanners was completed and the first flights were carried out with all sensors. <br><br> The new hyperspectral imaging system required adaptations in the data pre-processing chain. The established pre-processing chain (radiometric, atmospheric and geometric corrections), which was tailored mainly to the AISA Eagle instrument operated at CzechGlobe since 2004, has been now modified to fit the new system and users needs. Continuous development of the processing chain is now focused mainly on establishing pre-processing of thermal data including emissivity estimation and also on joint processing of hyperspectral and laser scanning data.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF AIRBORNE IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY AT CZECHGLOBE

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hanuš ◽  
T. Fabiánek ◽  
L. Fajmon
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Imaging Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Processing Chain

Ecosystems, their services, structures and functions are affected by complex environmental processes, which are both natural and human-induced and globally changing. In order to understand how ecosystems behave in globally changing environment, it is important to monitor the current status of ecosystems and their structural and functional changes in time and space. An essential tool allowing monitoring of ecosystems is remote sensing (RS). Many ecosystems variables are being translated into a spectral response recorded by RS instruments. It is however important to understand the complexity and synergies of the key ecosystem variables influencing the reflected signal. This can be achieved by analysing high resolution RS data from multiple sources acquired simultaneously from the same platform. Such a system has been recently built at CzechGlobe - Global Change Research Institute (The Czech Academy of Sciences). <br><br> CzechGlobe has been significantly extending its research infrastructure in the last years, which allows advanced monitoring of ecosystem changes at hierarchical levels spanning from molecules to entire ecosystems. One of the CzechGlobe components is a laboratory of imaging spectroscopy. The laboratory is now operating a new platform for advanced remote sensing observations called FLIS (Flying Laboratory of Imaging Spectroscopy). FLIS consists of an airborne carrier equipped with passive RS systems. The core instrument of FLIS is a hyperspectral imaging system provided by Itres Ltd. The hyperspectral system consists of three spectroradiometers (CASI 1500, SASI 600 and TASI 600) that cover the reflective spectral range from 380 to 2450 nm, as well as the thermal range from 8 to 11.5 μm. The airborne platform is prepared for mounting of full-waveform laser scanner Riegl-Q780 as well, however a laser scanner is not a permanent part of FLIS. In 2014 the installation of the hyperspectral scanners was completed and the first flights were carried out with all sensors. <br><br> The new hyperspectral imaging system required adaptations in the data pre-processing chain. The established pre-processing chain (radiometric, atmospheric and geometric corrections), which was tailored mainly to the AISA Eagle instrument operated at CzechGlobe since 2004, has been now modified to fit the new system and users needs. Continuous development of the processing chain is now focused mainly on establishing pre-processing of thermal data including emissivity estimation and also on joint processing of hyperspectral and laser scanning data.

scholarly journals A Combined Quantitative Evaluation Model for the Capability of Hyperspectral Imagery for Mineral Mapping

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Xinchen Huang ◽  
Huijie Zhao ◽  
Xianfei Qiu ◽  
Kewang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Mineral Mapping ◽  
Proposed Model

To analyze the influence factors of hyperspectral remote sensing data processing, and quantitatively evaluate the application capability of hyperspectral data, a combined evaluation model based on the physical process of imaging and statistical analysis was proposed. The normalized average distance between different classes of ground cover is selected as the evaluation index. The proposed model considers the influence factors of the full radiation transmission process and processing algorithms. First- and second-order statistical characteristics (mean and covariance) were applied to calculate the changes for the imaging process based on the radiation energy transfer. The statistical analysis was combined with the remote sensing process and the application performance, which consists of the imaging system parameters and imaging conditions, by building the imaging system and processing models. The season (solar zenith angle), sensor parameters (ground sampling distance, modulation transfer function, spectral resolution, spectral response function, and signal to noise ratio), and number of features were considered in order to analyze the influence factors of the application capability level. Simulated and real data collected by Hymap in the Dongtianshan area (Xinjiang Province, China), were used to estimate the proposed model’s performance in the application of mineral mapping. The predicted application capability of the proposed model is consistent with the theoretical analysis.

scholarly journals Remote sensing of Carpathian flysch landslides with the use of terrestrial laser scanner

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Janusz P. Kogut ◽  
Ievgen Tymoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Slope Stability ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Carpathian Flysch

Terrestrial laser scanning helps us to detect unstable subsurface behaviour, assessing the slope stability and potential landslide failure modes. If the slopes are regularly observed, the risk of slope movement and subsequent consequences may be considerably reduced. This allows for optimum land use conditions that are economically justified. Landslides in the Carpathian flysch have a peculiar susceptibility to activation due to the region’s geological structure. This work addresses the problem of monitoring and analysing the effects of landslides associated with the operation of routes (roads and railway lines) running through the slopes of the Carpathian flysch. The terrestrial laser scanner enables site remote sensing in a simple and automated manner. Regular measurements with multiple scanner positions may be used for long term slope monitoring. A detailed geological structural model allows for risk assessment with regards to failure modes, and it allows for a slope stability assessment. The model, along with the substrate parameters, introduced into the Finite Element Analysis package enables an analysis of the effects of landslide susceptibility and the displacements of the terrain surface in time, as well as due to different loading cases.

scholarly journals Hyper-Spectral Imaging Technique in the Cultural Heritage Field: New Possible Scenarios

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Picollo ◽  
Costanza Cucci ◽  
Andrea Casini ◽  
Lorenzo Stefani
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Spectroscopic Information ◽  
Hyper Spectral Imaging ◽  
Recent Developments

Imaging spectroscopy technique was introduced in the cultural heritage field in the 1990s, when a multi-spectral imaging system based on a Vidicon camera was used to identify and map pigments in paintings. Since then, with continuous improvements in imaging technology, the quality of spectroscopic information in the acquired imaging data has greatly increased. Moreover, with the progressive transition from multispectral to hyperspectral imaging techniques, numerous new applicative perspectives have become possible, ranging from non-invasive monitoring to high-quality documentation, such as mapping and characterization of polychrome and multi-material surfaces of cultural properties. This article provides a brief overview of recent developments in the rapidly evolving applications of hyperspectral imaging in this field. The fundamentals of the various strategies, that have been developed for applying this technique to different types of artworks are discussed, together with some examples of recent applications.

scholarly journals HIGH RESOLUTION AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING AND HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING WITH A SMALL UAV PLATFORM

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 823-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Gallay ◽  
Christoph Eck ◽  
Carlo Zgraggen ◽  
Ján Kaňuk ◽  
Eduard Dvorný
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Small Uav ◽  
Photo Camera ◽  
Gps Antenna ◽  
Stroke Engine

The capabilities of unmanned airborne systems (UAS) have become diverse with the recent development of lightweight remote sensing instruments. In this paper, we demonstrate our custom integration of the state-of-the-art technologies within an unmanned aerial platform capable of high-resolution and high-accuracy laser scanning, hyperspectral imaging, and photographic imaging. The technological solution comprises the latest development of a completely autonomous, unmanned helicopter by Aeroscout, the Scout B1-100 UAV helicopter. The helicopter is powered by a gasoline two-stroke engine and it allows for integrating 18 kg of a customized payload unit. The whole system is modular providing flexibility of payload options, which comprises the main advantage of the UAS. The UAS integrates two kinds of payloads which can be altered. Both payloads integrate a GPS/IMU with a dual GPS antenna configuration provided by OXTS for accurate navigation and position measurements during the data acquisition. The first payload comprises a VUX-1 laser scanner by RIEGL and a Sony A6000 E-Mount photo camera. The second payload for hyperspectral scanning integrates a push-broom imager AISA KESTREL 10 by SPECIM. The UAS was designed for research of various aspects of landscape dynamics (landslides, erosion, flooding, or phenology) in high spectral and spatial resolution.

scholarly journals Horticulture applicability of 3D laser scanner

2012 ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Péter Riczu ◽  
János Tamás ◽  
Gábor Nagy ◽  
Attila Nagy ◽  
Tünde Fórián ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Regional Research ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
The University

As a result of the technological development, remote sensing instruments and methods have become widespread in all segments of life (from precision agriculture through architecture to medicine). Among the innovative development of remote sensing instruments the 3D laser scanner is overriding importance. The horticulture applicability of terrestrial laser scanning technique is innovation in the precision agriculture, because it could be determine the structure of trees and branches, the canopy extension, which can help to recognize some biophysical parameters. The examination was carried out with Leica ScanStation C10 terrestrial laser scanner in the Study and Regional Research Farm of the University of Debrecen near Pallag. In this article I present the measuring principle, the parameters and horticulture applicability of the terrestrial laser scanner.

scholarly journals Towards rockfall forecasting through observing deformations and listening to microseismic emissions

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Arosio ◽  
L. Longoni ◽  
M. Papini ◽  
M. Scaioni ◽  
L. Zanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Failure Surface ◽  
Microseismic Monitoring ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radars

Abstract. Reliable forecasting of rockfall is a challenging task, mainly because of the lack of clearly noticeable forerunners as well as due to the geological and geo-mechanical complexity of the rock movements involved. Conventional investigation devices still present some drawbacks, since most measurements are generally carried out at isolated locations as well as on the surface only. Novel remote-sensing monitoring instruments, such as Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radars (GB-InSAR), are capable of inspecting an unstable slope with a high spatial and temporal frequency. But they still rely on measurements of the failure surface, from which displacement or velocity are measured. On the contrary, acoustic emission/microseismic monitoring may provide a deeper insight of stress and strain conditions within the sub-surface rock mass. In fact, the capability to detect microseismic events originating within an unstable rock mass is a key element in locating growing cracks and, as a consequence, in understanding the slide kinematics and triggering mechanisms of future collapses. Thus, a monitoring approach based on the combination of classical methodologies, remote sensing techniques and microseismic investigations would be a promising research field. In the present paper we discuss the technologies and we illustrate some experiments conducted in the framework of a project whose final goal is the installation of an integrated monitoring and alerting system on a rockface nearby Lecco (Italy). In particular, we present a review of performances and applications of remote sensing devices and some results concerning a terrestrial laser scanner preliminary campaign. Then, we report findings regarding amplitude, frequency content and rate of signals recorded during an in situ test carried out to evaluate the performance of three different microseismic transducers.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing of Explosives-Induced Stress in Plants: Hyperspectral Imaging Analysis for Remote Detection of Unexploded Threats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul V. Manley ◽  
Vasit Sagan ◽  
Felix B. Fritschi ◽  
Joel G. Burken
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Edge

Explosives contaminate millions of hectares from various sources (partial detonations, improper storage, and release from production and transport) that can be life-threatening, e.g., landmines and unexploded ordnance. Exposure to and uptake of explosives can also negatively impact plant health, and these factors can be can be remotely sensed. Stress induction was remotely sensed via a whole-plant hyperspectral imaging system as two genotypes of Zea mays, a drought-susceptible hybrid and a drought-tolerant hybrid, and a forage Sorghum bicolor were grown in a greenhouse with one control group, one group maintained at 60% soil field capacity, and a third exposed to 250 mg kg−1 Royal Demolition Explosive (RDX). Green-Red Vegetation Index (GRVI), Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI), Modified Red Edge Simple Ratio (MRESR), and Vogelmann Red Edge Index 1 (VREI1) were reduced due to presence of explosives. Principal component analyses of reflectance indices separated plants exposed to RDX from control and drought plants. Reflectance of Z. mays hybrids was increased from RDX in green and red wavelengths, while reduced in near-infrared wavelengths. Drought Z. mays reflectance was lower in green, red, and NIR regions. S. bicolor grown with RDX reflected more in green, red, and NIR wavelengths. The spectra and their derivatives will be beneficial for developing explosive-specific indices to accurately identify plants in contaminated soil. This study is the first to demonstrate potential to delineate subsurface explosives over large areas using remote sensing of vegetation with aerial-based hyperspectral systems.

Fast Dispersive Laser Scanner by Using Digital Micro Mirror Arrays

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih K. Kalyoncu ◽  
Rasul Torun ◽  
Yuewang Huang ◽  
Qiancheng Zhao ◽  
Ozdal Boyraz
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scan Rate ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Mems Technology ◽  
Laser Scanning System ◽  
State Of Art

We demonstrate a fast dispersive laser scanning system by using MEMS digital micro-mirror arrays technology. The proposed technique utilizes real-time dispersive imaging system, which captures spectrally encoded images with a single photodetector at pulse repetition rate via space-to-time mapping technology. Wide area scanning capability is introduced by using individually addressable micro-mirror arrays as a beam deflector. Experimentally, we scanned ∼20 mm2 at scan rate of 5 kHz with ∼150 μm lateral and ∼160 μm vertical resolution that can be controlled by using 1024 × 768 mirror arrays. With the current state of art MEMS technology, fast scanning with <30 μs and resolution down to single mirror pitch size of 10.8 μm is also achievable.

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