scholarly journals A conceptual vulnerability and risk framework as outline to identify capabilities of remote sensing

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Taubenböck ◽  
J. Post ◽  
A. Roth ◽  
K. Zosseder ◽  
G. Strunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Risk Framework

Abstract. This study aims at creating a holistic conceptual approach systematizing the interrelation of (natural) hazards, vulnerability and risk. A general hierarchical risk meta-framework presents potentially affected components of a given system, such as its physical, demographic, social, economic, political or ecological spheres, depending on the particular hazard. Based on this general meta-framework, measurable indicators are specified for the system "urban area" as an example. This framework is used as an outline to identify the capabilities of remote sensing to contribute to the assessment of risk. Various indicators contributing to the outline utilizing diverse remote sensing data and methods are presented. Examples such as built-up density, main infrastructure or population distribution identify the capabilities of remote sensing within the holistic perspective of the framework. It is shown how indexing enables a multilayer analysis of the complex and small-scale urban landscape to take different types of spatial indicators into account to simulate concurrence. The result is an assessment of the spatial distribution of risks within an urban area in the case of an earthquake and its secondary threats, using an inductive method. The results show the principal capabilities of remote sensing to contribute to the identification of physical and demographic aspects of vulnerability, as well as provide indicators for the spatial distribution of natural hazards. Aspects of social, economic or political indicators represent limitations of remote sensing for an assessment complying with the holistic risk framework.

scholarly journals An Improved Method of Determining Human Population Distribution Based on Luojia 1-01 Nighttime Light Imagery and Road Network Data—A Case Study of the City of Shenzhen

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
Yuanmao Zheng ◽  
Jinyuan Shao ◽  
Yinglun Lin ◽  
Haowei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
The City

Previously published studies on population distribution were based on the provincial level, while the number of urban-level studies is more limited. In addition, the rough spatial resolution of traditional nighttime light (NTL) data has limited their fine application in current small-scale population distribution research. For the purpose of studying the spatial distribution of populations at the urban scale, we proposed a new index (i.e., the road network adjusted human settlement index, RNAHSI) by integrating Luojia 1-01 (LJ 1-01) NTL data, the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and road network density (RND) data based on population density relationships to depict the spatial distribution of urban human settlements. The RNAHSI updated the high-resolution NTL data and combined the RND data on the basis of human settlement index (HSI) data to refine the spatial pattern of urban population distribution. The results indicated that the mean relative error (MRE) between the population estimation data based on the RNAHSI and the demographic data was 34.80%, which was lower than that in the HSI and WorldPop dataset. This index is suitable primarily for the study of urban population distribution, as the RNAHSI can clearly highlight human activities in areas with dense urban road networks and can refine the spatial heterogeneity of impervious areas. In addition, we also drew a population density map of the city of Shenzhen with a 100 m spatial resolution for 2018 based on the RNAHSI, which has great reference significance for urban management and urban resource allocation.

scholarly journals Competition Restricts the Growth, Development, and Propagation of Carpinus tientaiensis: A Rare and Endangered Species in China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Liangjin Yao ◽  
Yuanke Xu ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Chuping Wu ◽  
Weigao Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The protection and propagation of rare and endangered species are key to the preservation of their population development; however, due to the scarcity of individuals, the potential effects and status of rare and endangered species in the whole forest ecosystem are still poorly understood. Using data from a 60 × 140 m forest dynamic monitoring sample of the Carpinus tientaiensis (Betulaceae) species in Zhejiang of Southeast China. We assessed the population distribution and diameter at breast height (DBH) structure of the Carpinus tientaiensis species, which was a rare and endangered species, as well as intra- and interspecific correlation with other species. The results show that saplings (1 cm ≤ DBH < 5 cm) and juveniles (5 cm ≤ DBH < 10 cm) were more aggregated than larger individuals (DBH ≥ 20 cm) of Carpinus tientaiensis. The DBH size structure of all the trees shows an obvious inverted “J” distribution. With an increase in the DBH size category, the number of individuals gradually decreases. Due to the diffusion limitation, the spatial distribution patterns of all the tree individuals and roof geese in the sample land are increased at a small spatial scale, and as the spatial scale increases, the degree of aggregation decreases gradually. The relationship between different diameter stages of the population of Carpinus tientaiensis showed a consistent general trend. The spatial distribution of individuals with a large diameter on a small scale was significantly positively correlated (p < 0.001). With an increase in the scale, there was no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between individuals with a large diameter and individuals with a small diameter. There was no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between the population of Carpinus tientaiensis and other species in the sample, and the strong unidirectional competition of other species in the sample can be seen by the competition index. We found that interspecific competition restricts the growth and expansion of Carpinus tientaiensis, and it has adopted different ecological strategies to coexist with a population of common tree species occupying a similar living space.

scholarly journals A Merging Approach for Urban Boundary Correction Acquired By Remote Sensing Images

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 1011-1015
Author(s):  
P. L. Zhang ◽  
W. Z. Shi ◽  
X. Y. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Road Data

Since reform and opening up to outside world, ever-growing economy and development of urbanization of China have caused expansion of the urban land scale. It’s necessary to grasp the information about urban spatial form change, expansion situation and expanding regularity, in order to provide the scientific basis for urban management and planning. The traditional methods, like land supply cumulative method and remote sensing, to get the urban area, existed some defects. Their results always doesn’t accord with the reality, and can’t reflects the actual size of the urban area. Therefore, we propose a new method, making the best use of remote sensing, the population data, road data and other social economic statistic data. Because urban boundary not only expresses a geographical concept, also a social economic systems.It’s inaccurate to describe urban area with only geographic areas. We firstly use remote sensing images, demographic data, road data and other data to produce urban boundary respectively. Then we choose the weight value for each boundary, and in terms of a certain model the ultimate boundary can be obtained by a series of calculations of previous boundaries. To verify the validity of this method, we design a set of experiments and obtained the preliminary results. The results have shown that this method can extract the urban area well and conforms with both the broad and narrow sense. Compared with the traditional methods, it’s more real-time, objective and ornamental.

Active moss biomonitoring of small-scale spatial distribution of airborne major and trace elements in the Belgrade urban area

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 5461-5470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Vuković ◽  
Mira Aničić Urošević ◽  
Ivana Razumenić ◽  
Zoya Goryainova ◽  
Marina Frontasyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Moss Biomonitoring

scholarly journals Cobertura vegetal y la distribución de islas de calor/oasis urbanos en Hermosillo, Sonora

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Francisco Martín López González ◽  
Luis Alan Navarro Navarro ◽  
Rolando Enrique Díaz Caravantes ◽  
Javier Navarro-Estupiñán
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Explanatory Variable ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
City Block

The case of an arid Northwest city of Mexico is studied with the general objective of assessing the influence of the percentage of vegetation cover (VC) in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and mapping its spatial distribution, through a geographic information system using remote sensing data. Results showed: 1) on average, 12% (min. 0 to max. 59%) of a city block is covered with vegetation, 38% of the blocks had % VC ≤ 10; 2) the LST regression model estimated temperatures range from 37 to 45°C, the main explanatory variable was % VC, increasing % VC in 10 is associated with cooling effect of 1.1 °C. The spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of LST can be interpreted as the human effect modifying the climate on a small scale; this creates internal diurnal oasis.

scholarly journals Modelling the spatial distribution of Vojvodina’s population by using dasymetric method

Spatium ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Krunic ◽  
Branislav Bajat ◽  
Milan Kilibarda ◽  
Dragutin Tosic
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Dasymetric Mapping ◽  
Distribution Modelling ◽  
Choropleth Mapping ◽  
Modern Geography

Cartographic presentation of heterogeneity/homogeneity in the spatial distribution of population is still a major problem in modern geography, and other geo-sciences as well. The traditional method of thematic or choropleth mapping rarely gives satisfactory results. This paper analyzes the applicability of dasymetric mapping method for the modelling of spatial distribution of population. Although it is a relatively old method, it becomes widely used following the development of computer technology, GIS and satellite imagery, and its applicability is increasing in social, economic and other sciences and disciplines. After showing the basis and development of dasymetric mapping, the authors present possible application of this method in the population distribution modelling of Vojvodina.

Small-scale vegetation mapping of large territories: perspectives of using modern remote sensing and GIS technologies, the Indian experiences

1996 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. M. Unni
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Forest Cover Mapping

The recognition of versatile importance of vegetation for the human life resulted in the emergence of vegetation science and many its applications in the modern world. Hence a vegetation map should be versatile enough to provide the basis for these applications. Thus, a vegetation map should contain not only information on vegetation types and their derivatives but also the geospheric and climatic background. While the geospheric information could be obtained, mapped and generalized directly using satellite remote sensing, a computerized Geographic Information System can integrate it with meaningful vegetation information classes for large areas. Such aft approach was developed with respect to mapping forest vegetation in India at. 1 : 100 000 (1983) and is in progress now (forest cover mapping at 1 : 250 000). Several review works reporting the experimental and operational use of satellite remote sensing data in India were published in the last years (Unni, 1991, 1992, 1994).

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