Pharmaceutical care in the state of Ceará, Brazil: socioeconomic and  demographic profile of patients with chagas disease attended in a referral center

The Pharmaceutical Care Service of the Chagas Disease Research Laboratory (LPDC), in the State of Ceará, Brazil, treats patients with Chagas disease (CD), characterized as a chronic, neglected disease that requires full patient follow-up. Objective: determine the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients with CD treated at the LPDC. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, in which 507 patients were treated from January 2007 to May 2016. The variables collected were gender, age, place of birth, schooling, family income, type of health care, occupation, living conditions and habits. The profile of Trypanosoma cruzi infected individuals consisted of 51.1% males; mean age of 50.4 years; 26.6% were small farmers; 48.7% had not finished elementary school; 36.9% had a family income of one minimum wage; 77.7% did not have private health insurance and most of them came from rural areas. Regarding habits, 66.5% were nonsmokers and 70.0% were sedentary. Additionally, an improvement was noted in housing conditions, with most patients moving from wattle and daub huts, which were their first homes, to brick houses. We conclude that the analysis of the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients treated at the LPDC showed that most of them come from a low socioeconomic population, where the demand for treatment has been occurring at a later age, further reinforcing the importance of the follow-up provided by the LPDC.KEY WORDS: Chagas disease; health services research; health profile; pharmaceutical care.

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CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CHAGAS DISEASE FOLLOWED BETWEEN 2005-2013 BY PHARMACEUTICAL CARE SERVICE IN CEARÁ STATE, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652015000200008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 145-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Laíse dos Santos PEREIRA ◽

Erlane Chaves FREITAS ◽

Arduína Sofia Ortet de Barros Vasconcelos FIDALGO ◽

Mônica Coelho ANDRADE ◽

Darlan da Silva CÂNDIDO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pharmaceutical Care ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Family Income ◽

Care Service ◽

The Elderly ◽

University Hospital ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Bundle Branch Block ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Pharmaceutical Care Service

By controlling the transmission of Chagas disease, the challenge of providing assistance to millions of infected patients that reach old age arises. In this study, the socioeconomic, demographic and comorbidity records of all elderly chagasic patients followed at the Pharmaceutical Care Service of the Chagas Disease Research Laboratory were assessed. The information related to the clinical form of the disease was obtained from medical records provided by the Walter Cantídio University Hospital. The profile of the studied population was: women (50.5%); mean age of 67 years; retired (54.6%); married (51.6 %); high illiteracy rate (40.2%); and family income equal to the minimum wage (51.5%). The predominant clinical forms of Chagas disease were cardiac (65.3%) and indeterminate (14.7%). The main electrocardiographic changes were the right bundle branch block (41.0%), associated or not with the anterosuperior left bundle branch block (27.4%). The average number of comorbidities per patient was 2.23 ± 1.54, with systemic arterial hypertension being the main one found (67.0%). It was found that the elderly comprise a vulnerable group of patients that associate aging with cardiac and/or digestive disorders resulting from the evolution of Chagas disease and other comorbidities, which requires special attention from health services to ensure more appropriate medical and social care.

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Sources of excessive saturated fat, trans fat and sugar consumption in Brazil: an analysis of the first Brazilian nationwide individual dietary survey

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012004892 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 113-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Rosangela A Pereira ◽

Kiyah J Duffey ◽

Rosely Sichieri ◽

Barry M Popkin

Keyword(s):

Total Energy ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Total Energy Intake ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Added Sugars

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the patterns of consumption of foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFAS) in Brazil.DesignCross-sectional study; individual dietary intake survey. Food intake was assessed by means of two non-consecutive food records. Foods providing >9·1 % of energy from saturated fat, or >1·3 % of energy from trans fat, or >13 % of energy from added sugars per 100 g were classified as high in SoFAS.SettingBrazilian nationwide survey, 2008–2009.SubjectsIndividuals aged ≥10 years old.ResultsMean daily energy intake was 8037 kJ (1921 kcal), 52 % of energy came from SoFAS foods. Contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake was higher among women (52 %) and adolescents (54 %). Participants in rural areas (43 %) and in the lowest quartile of per capita family income (43 %) reported the smallest contribution of SoFAS foods to total energy intake. SoFAS foods were large contributors to total saturated fat (87 %), trans fat (89 %), added sugar (98 %) and total sugar (96 %) consumption. The SoFAS food groups that contributed most to total energy intake were meats and beverages. Top SoFAS foods contributing to saturated fat and trans fat intakes were meats and fats and oils. Most of the added and total sugar in the diet was supplied by SoFAS beverages and sweets and desserts.ConclusionsSoFAS foods play an important role in the Brazilian diet. The study identifies options for improving the Brazilian diet and reducing nutrition-related non-communicable chronic diseases, but also points out some limitations of the nutrient-based criteria.

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The epidemiologic profile and prevalence of cardiopathy in Trypanosoma cruzi infected blood donor candidates, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652005000600003 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 321-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Divina Seila de Oliveira-Marques ◽

Ana Maria Bonametti ◽

Tiemi Matsuo ◽

Francisco Gregori Junior

Keyword(s):

Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Blood Donor ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

State University ◽

Cardiac Symptoms ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Epidemiologic Profile ◽

The City

To describe the epidemiologic profile and prevalence of cardiopathy in 163 Trypanosoma cruzi serum positive blood donor candidates, a descriptive study was carried out between August, 1996 and November, 1997 at the Londrina State University Chagas Disease Outpatient Clinic. The profile found was: young, average age 42.95 ± 8.62 years; male (65%); Caucasian (84%); low level of schooling; low family income; agricultural worker (26%); born in the state of Paraná (67%); from rural areas (85%); migrated to the city (85%); and the vector as the main mechanism of transmission. During the clinical characterization a chronic cardiac form was found in 38% of the patients and classified as cardiac suggestive form in 21% and little suggestive of Chagas disease in 17%. No significant difference was found among age group distribution, sex and the presence of cardiac symptoms in patients with or without cardiopathy. This study emphasizes the importance of expanding medical services to areas with a greater prevalence of infected individuals, in a hierarchical manner and aiming at decentralization.

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Knowledge and practices about breastfeeding in rural areas of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.20148.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1903

Author(s):

Ruhani Mat Min ◽

Md Mosharaf Hossain

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Family Income ◽

Service Providers ◽

Composite Index ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Knowledge And Practice ◽

Child Age

Background: Breastfeeding is an important indicator for child health and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and practices regarding EBF and its relation to various socio-economic and demographic factors among mothers with at least one child age (6-12 years) in the rural areas of the Rajshahi district in Bangladesh. Methods: A study based at village hospitals was conducted and a semi-structured questionnaire was used. A total of 513 mothers who had at least one child's age (6-12) months from 32 different village hospitals in rural areas of the Rajshahi District, Bangladesh from September to December 2015. The composite index, chi-square test and binary logistic regression model were used in this study. Results: The incidence of EBF good knowledge and practices was 32.0% and 27.9% among mothers with at least one child age (6-12) months. The analysis shows that the age of mothers ≥ 31 years have less knowledge and practice about EBF compared to mothers aged ≤ 30 years. Mothers who are housewives had a higher probability of good knowledge and practice than mothers who were service providers. Nursing mothers at home have less knowledge and practices about EBF than mothers who gave birth in the hospital. Mothers that had a monthly family income of ≤ 6 699 BDT had less knowledge and practices about EBF compared to mothers with a family income of >6 699 BDT. Conclusions: This study showed a huge gap in EBF knowledge and practices among mothers who have at least one child age (6-12) months. This study suggests that EBF education and interventions can play an important role in increasing EBF good knowledge and practices among mothers with at least one-to-one (6-12) months of age children. Malnutrition will be reduced if the EBF is widely established in Bangladesh.

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Development of a temporally harmonized asset index: Evidence from across 50 years of follow up of a birth cohort in Guatemala

10.21203/rs.3.rs-147811/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jithin Sam Varghese ◽

John Maluccio ◽

Solveig Cunningham ◽

Manuel Ramirez-Zea ◽

Aryeh Stein

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Asset ◽

Middle Income ◽

Asset Index ◽

Housing Characteristics ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background Asset-based indices are widely-used proxy measures of wealth in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). The stability of these indices within households over time is not known. Methods We develop a harmonized household asset index for the participants (n = 2392) of INCAP Longitudinal Study, Guatemala using data from six waves of follow-up over the period of 1965–2018. We estimate its cross-sectional association with parental schooling (in 1967-75) and attained schooling (in 2015-18) of cohort members. We study how patterns of cross-sectional loadings change over time and between urban-rural settings. We assess its robustness to omission of assets or study waves and alternate specifications of factor extraction procedure. Results The harmonized index created using 8 assets and 11 housing characteristics explained 32.4% of the variance. Most households increased in absolute wealth over time with median wealth (25th percentile, 75th percentile; households) increasing from − 3.74 (-4.42, -3.07; 547) in 1967 to 2.08 (1.41, 2.67; 1145) in 2017-18. Ownership of television, electricity, quality of flooring and sanitary installation explained the largest proportion of variance. The index is positively associated with measures of schooling (maternal: r = 0.16; paternal: r = 0.10; attained: r = 0.35, all p < 0.001). In 2015-18, house ownership versus housing characteristics and ownership of electronic goods differentiate households in urban and rural areas respectively. The index is robust for omission of assets or study waves, indicator categorization and factor extraction method. Conclusion A temporally harmonized asset index administered consistently over time may allow study of associations of life-course social mobility with human capital outcomes in LMIC contexts. Our approach permits exploration of trends in household wealth of the sample over a follow-up period against repeated cross-sectional surveys which permit the estimation of only the mean trajectory.

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Depression and quality of life in mothers of children with pervasive developmental disorders

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692010000100006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 33-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Maria Ângela Fávero-Nunes ◽

Manoel Antônio dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽

Developmental Disorders ◽

Family Income ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Demographic Profile ◽

Quality Of Life Scale

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dysphoria/depressive symptoms in mothers of autistic children and to identify correlations between quality of life and socio-demographic profile. An exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, involving 20 mothers, by applying a socio-demographic profile questionnaire, the Brazilian version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the WHOQOL-Bref quality of life scale. Dysphoria/depression criteria were found in 15% of the mothers. Overall quality of life was evaluated as positive in 70%, however only 40% were satisfied with their health. The Physical domain (mean=69.4) was perceived as the best, and environment domain as the worst (mean=60.8). Quality of life had a positive association with family income and level of education, and a negative association with depression. Considering the results, further research, especially on those variables that were not statistically relevant, is suggested.

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Home invasion of triatomines increases the risk of Chagas disease transmission in the Brazilian Amazon

10.21203/rs.3.rs-19378/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

BRUNA DANIELE LISBOA MOTA ◽

Vera da Costa Valente ◽

Francisco Lúzio de Paula Ramos ◽

Sebastião Aldo da Silva Valente ◽

Ana Yecê das Neves Pinto

Keyword(s):

Chagas Disease ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Asymptomatic Infection ◽

The State ◽

Human Populations ◽

Positive Serology ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vector Behaviour

Abstract Chagas disease is a parasitic infection with a large reemergent rates in some Amazon regions with usual features of outbreaks of the acute disease mainly by oral transmission. The main vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi are hematophagous insects, the triatomines. Some of them can establish themselves in human dwellings and their annexes but others are mostly wild. In the state of Pará, few records have been made about the occurrence of those wild vectors in fortuitous contact with inhabitants in riverside regions in the Amazon. These vector behaviours have been studied by our group since 2006, trying to explain their role in transmission of the silent disease or asymptomatic infection. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile of populations exposed to random triatomine home invasion in riverside areas with this registered occurrence. This is a cross-sectional study developed in Abaetetuba city, in the state of Pará, where we conducted a seroepidemiologic survey in inhabitants that registered triatomine home invasion. The results demonstrated that triatomine invasions occur especially in the in-home environment and in the rural zone. The genus Rhodnius was the most found in residences of the municipalities. Direct contact through the vector was reported by 15.55% of the total participants, and an unusual vector behaviour were observed during the day. Despite this small casuistic, 0.47% of the enrolled inhabitants had positive serology IgG anti- T. cruzi antibodies. We confirm one occurrence of asymptomatic infection in a child and, also, favourable links to the Chagas disease transmission chain. Faced with the scarcity of information on triatomine aggression in the Amazon, the authors recommended an entomological study of greater scope in those areas. The record of unusual vector behaviour and the serological surveillance of human populations under this risk may constitute a new tool for the early detection of silent infections and reinforce the knowledges about the behaviour of invading insects. At the same time, health education can assist in strategies for the prevention of Chagas' disease.

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Traditional eye medicine associated keratitis- Current trends and practices

Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.18231/j.ijceo.2021.148 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 731-735

Author(s):

Preethi B ◽

Preeti Mittal ◽

Kiran Kumar K ◽

Sriya Sridhar ◽

Suresh Babu G

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

South India ◽

Corneal Ulcer ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Centre ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Eye Care ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Demographic Profile ◽

Study Population

To study the prevalence, types and demographic profile of traditional eye medicine (TEM) use among corneal ulcer patients presenting to a tertiary eye care centre in South India.A cross-sectional study conducted on 432 new corneal ulcer patients at a tertiary eye care centre in South India from September 2018 to July 2019. Data collected included demographic profile such as name, age, sex, occupation, income, rural/urban residence, type of TEM use. Of the 432 new corneal ulcer cases, 32 used TEM. Most TEM users belonged to the age group 40- 60 years (n= 20; 62.5%). There was no difference in sex distribution. Majority of TEM users in our study resided in rural areas (n= 30; 93.75%), were involved in agriculture as occupation (n=28, 87.5%) and belonged to the lower socioeconomic status n=31(96.88%) as per Kuppuswamy classification. Profile of TEM used ranged from plant extract (n= 14; 43.75%), tongue cleaning (n= 5; 15.63%), oil (n= 7; 21.87%), breast milk (n= 4; 12.5%) and ash (n= 2; 6.25%). Use of traditional medicine is a prevalent practice in the study population. These findings offer a better understanding of health seeking behaviour of the study population which will lead to better planning, implementation and targeting of preventive and promotive eye services and awareness programmes.

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Prevalence of unintended pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics

Clinical Nursing Studies ◽

10.5430/cns.v9n1p29 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Eman H. Elshrqawy ◽

Amina M. Elnemr

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Family Income ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Antenatal Clinics

Objective: Unintended pregnancy is an important worldwide public health problem and one of the important factors contributing to high level of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. The study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics.Methods: The study followed a descriptive cross-sectional design on 1,254 pregnant women who were chosen by convenient sample technique. The study was done at governmental hospitals in EL-Mansoura City, Egypt including: The antenatal clinics of Obstetric and Gynecological specialty Center at EL-Mansoura University Hospitals, Old General Hospital and Mansoura International Hospital. Two tools were utilized for data collection (The Urdu version of pregnancy intention scale (LMUP) and structured Interviewing Questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of unintended pregnancy among studied women was (29.1%), of which 229 (18.3%) were mistimed and 136 (10.8%) were unwanted. Age, higher family size, lower family income, gravidity, parity, increased number of children and birth spacing were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy.Conclusions: The study concluded that the prevalence of unintended pregnancy was high in El-Mansoura city. It is recommended to develop educational programs and campaigns especially for rural areas to improve awareness regarding family planning and other co-factors associated with unintended pregnancy.

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Drug-related problems observed in a pharmaceutical care service, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1590/s1984-82502009000200018 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 321-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yone de Almeida Nascimento ◽

Wânia da Silva Carvalho ◽

Francisco de Assis Acurcio

Keyword(s):

Pharmaceutical Care ◽

Care Service ◽

Health Problems ◽

Drug Related Problems ◽

University Center ◽

Female Sex ◽

Concurrent Study ◽

Belo Horizonte ◽

Pharmaceutical Care Service

This present observational, longitudinal, and non-concurrent study was developed with the purposes of evaluate the profile of patients attended by a pharmacotherapeutic follow-up service and describe the Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) found over there; determine the proportion of DRPs between the health problems presented by the studied population, classifying them and identifying the situations related with their appearance. The study was developed at the School Pharmacy of Newton Paiva University Center, Belo Horizonte, MG, during the period from 2001 November up to 2003 November. Ninety seven patients have been evaluated, the majority of female sex (66.0%), with up to 8 years of scholarship (45.4%), mean age of 56.7 ± 13.0 years; mean of 4 ± 2 diagnosed diseases; 7 ± 6 complaints and 4 ± 2 medications per patient. Nine hundred and twelve health problems have been identified: 56.5% uncontrolled. From the uncontrolled problems, 380 (73.6%) were DRPs and between these, 81 (21.3%) were risks for DRP. From the 97 followed-up patients, 89 (91.7%) have presented at least one DRP during the follow-up. The more frequent DRPs were related to effectiveness (53.2%), to necessity (25.2%) and to safety (21.6%). A great number of uncontrolled problems was observed, as well as the possibility to resolve them by means of pharmaceutical care, indicating so the resolutive potential of this practice.

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