scholarly journals THE PHENOMENON OF CONSCIOUSNESS FROM AN INTER AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol IV (4) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Ecaterina Lozovanu ◽  
◽  
Cristina Lazariuc ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Body Consciousness ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
New Research ◽  
Structural Perspective

Contemporary science, in recent decades, reflects intensely on the phenomenon of consciousness. This fact is due to the accelerated development of cognitive sciences, biological and physical sciences, neuroscience, which have achieved certain successes in researching the problem of mind-body, consciousness. However, what is strictly required is the issue of the possibility of a scientific theory of consciousness, which would apply a new research methodology. The most recent approaches in this direction substantiate the need for research from a phenomenological structural perspective, which explains consciousness as a phenomenon determined by the subquantum level. Structural-phenomenological theory holds that this level is a profound reality regulated by specific principles and laws that make consciousness possible.

The Slovene literature in Austria (the national and the polycultural)

2020 ◽  
pp. 446-460
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Starikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
The State ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Linguistic Terms ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Slovenian Population ◽  
New Research

In 1920, the native Slovenian lands of southern Carinthia were included into the Austrian Republic, and the Slovenian population fell under the jurisdiction of the state, the official language of which was German. Under these conditions, literature in the native language became an important factor in the resistance against assimilation for the Carinthian Slovenes. However, decades later, the national protective function of the artistic word gradually came to naught. The contemporary literature of the Slovenian minority in Austria is a special phenomenon combining national and polycultural components and having two cultural and historical contexts, two identities - Slovenian and Austro-German. In aesthetic, thematic, linguistic terms, this literature is so diverse that it no longer fits into a literature of a national minority, and can no longer be automatically assigned to only one of the two literatures - Slovenian or Austrian. A variety of works, including proper Slovenian texts, hybrid bilingual forms, and compositions in German, of course, requires a new research methodology that would expand existing approaches and could cover the literary practice of those who create a panorama of Carinthian reality, which is in demand both in Slovenia and in Austria.

Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy, Volume 2

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Experimental Philosophy ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
New Research ◽  
Philosophical Questions

This is the second volume in Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy, a series with the aim of providing a venue for publishing work in this emerging field. Experimental philosophy is a new movement that seeks to use empirical techniques to illuminate some of the oldest issues in philosophy. It is an interdisciplinary field at the intersection of philosophy, psychology, and related disciplines, such as linguistics and sociology. Although the movement is only a few years old, it has already sparked an explosion of new research, challenging a number of cherished assumptions in both philosophy and the cognitive sciences. This volume includes both theoretical and experimental chapters as well as chapters that cross traditional disciplinary boundaries. It is divided into three parts that explore epistemology, moral and political philosophy, and metaphysics and mind, showcasing the diversity of work that has arisen as traditionally philosophical questions have met the tools of social science.

On research methodology towards a scientific theory of engineering design

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Institutional Variables ◽  
Guided Search ◽  
Design Theories ◽  
Descriptive Theories ◽  
And Control

The goal of this paper is to raise awareness and generate discussion about research methodology in engineering design. Design researchers are viewed as a single communicating community searching for scientific theories of engineering design; that is, theories that can be tested by formal methods of hypothesis testing. In the paper, the scientific method for validating theories is reviewed, and the need for operational definitions and for experiments to identify variables and meaningful abstractions is stressed. The development of a design problem taxonomy is advocated. Generating theories is viewed as guided search. Three types of design theories are described: prescriptive, cognitive descriptive, and computational. It is argued that to seek prescriptions is premature and that, unless the human and institutional variables are reduced to knowledge and control, cognitive descriptive theories will be impossibly complex. A case is made for a computational approach, though it also shown that computational and cognitive research approaches can be mutually supportive.

scholarly journals Teoretyczne aspekty tworzenia elementów dokumentacyjnych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem abstraktów a ich rzeczywisty kształt. Propozycja badań w obszarze artykułów z czasopism z zakresu bibliologii

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 179-220
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jamrozik ◽  
Jakub Maciej Łubocki
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Cognitive Value ◽  
Text Readability ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
New Research ◽  
Scholarly Discourse ◽  
Initial Results

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DOCUMENTARY ELEMENTS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF ABSTRACTS. A RESEARCH PROPOSAL CONCERNING ARTICLES FROM BIBLIOLOGY JOURNALSReferring to the changes taking place in modern scholarly communication and the specificity of scholarly discourse, the authors present the latest conclusions from research concerning improvement of comprehensibility of documentary analyses, summaries and abstracts. This is influenced by text readability, and the structure and cognitive value of documentary elements. The authors present a typology of such elements as well as their distinctive features. On this basis they propose a new research methodology. Thanks to this methodology it will be possible to verify: 1. whether elements attached to articles from bibliology journals are, according to recommendations, more readable easier to comprehend than the content of the articles themselves;2. the current tendency in their length, which should be increased, according to recommendations;3. whether, in accordance with recommendations, all keywords have been used in the elements, which will facilitate article indexation in databases; 4. whether the existing terminological recommendations correspond to the actual language usage. The initial results obtained by the authors show that research in this area should be continued, as the proposed hypotheses require in-depth analysis and verification.

Citizens Making Sense of Science Issues

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Xenos
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
New Research

Dramatic increases in media choice over the past few decades have had profound effects on virtually all processes of communication involving issues of public concern. For science issues in particular, exposure to information about a particular topic is typically driven by specific motivations, often in the highly fragmented world of online communication. Existing research on information seeking in a polarized media environment can guide thinking about how individuals make sense of contemporary science issues. However, the unique features of science topics, particularly those related to emerging science and technology fields, complicate simple applications of existing theories. Although a small number of existing studies attend to these issues, developing solid, evidence-based prescriptions for improving how individuals seek information and form opinions will require significant new research.

The Engineer

Rebel Genius ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara H. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Reticular Formation ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Research Culture ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
New Research ◽  
Scientific Identity ◽  
The Brain

This chapter examines the ways that McCulloch’s new research culture at MIT’s Research Laboratory of Electronics shaped the evolution of his scientific identity into that of an engineer. This was an open, fluid, multidisciplinary culture that allowed McCulloch to shift his focus more squarely onto understanding the brain from the perspective of theoretical modelling, and to promote the cybernetic vision to diverse audiences. McCulloch’s practices, performed with a new set of student-collaborators, involved modeling the neurophysiology of perception, understanding reliability in biological systems, and pursuing knowledge of the reticular formation of the brain. The chapter provides a nuanced account of the relations between McCulloch’s work and the emerging fields of artificial intelligence and the cognitive sciences. It also highlights McCulloch’s identities as sage-collaborator and polymath, two roles that in part were the result of his students’ observations and in part products of his own self-fashioning.

Analysis on the Establishment of Sustainable Developmental Competition-Index-System in Industrial Manufacturing System in Hebei

2012 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 364-367
Author(s):  
Yan Na Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Index System ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Competition Index ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
New Research

This article puts forward the new research methodology during establishing evaluation index system of industrial manufacturing system competence in He Bei .Firstly, we establish a set of the primary evaluating Index system. Secondly,we assess and screen these Indexes. At lastly ,we determine the final evaluating Index system.The Index system is more objective in this way.

scholarly journals Radiologia e ciência cognitiva: os avanços tecnológicos e a neurociência

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Francisco Alencar de Sousa ◽  
Vivaldo Medeiros Santos ◽  
Amanda Juliane da Silva Branco ◽  
Carmen Regina de Souza Franco ◽  
Luciana Takahashi Carvalho Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
New Research ◽  
Xix Century

O presente artigo é uma tentativa de reflexão sobre a relevância da radiologia no processo de transformação nos estudos das ciências cognitivas, a partir da segunda metade do século XIX. Desta forma, procurou-se explorar os procedimentos produzidos pela tecnologia de mapeamento do cérebro, como sendo fator fundamental no entendimento de como são as funções cerebrais e como o cérebro aprende. Para esta reflexão, o objetivo é trazer os processos de desenvolvimento técnico e teórico de equipamentos da radiologia que foram capazes de contribuir para os estudos das ciências cognitivas. Partiu-se da hipótese de que só a partir do desenvolvimento da área de radiologia que foi possível o avanço nos estudos das funções do cérebro. Espera-se que tais reflexões abram caminhos para novas pesquisas que pretendem explicar aptidões mentais como a linguagem, a memória e análises mais profundas, para descrever como os processos neuropsicológicos produzem o estado cognitivo.Descritores: Radiologia, Ciência Cognitiva, Tecnologia, Cérebro. Radiology and Cognitive Science: technological Advances and neuroscienceAbstract: The present article is an attempt to reflect on the relevance of radiology in the process of transformation in the studies of cognitive sciences, from the second half of the XIX century. In this way, we tried to explore the procedures produced by brain mapping technology, as a fundamental factor in understanding how brain functions are and how the brain learns. For this reflection, the objective is to bring the processes of technical and theoretical development of radiology equipment that were able to contribute to the studies of the cognitive sciences. It was hypothesized that only from the development of the radiology area that it was possible to advance in the studies of brain functions. It is hoped that such reflections will open the way to new research that seeks to explain mental abilities such as language, memory and deeper analysis to describe how neuropsychological processes produce cognitive status.Descriptors: Radiology, Cognitive Science, Technology, Brain. Radiología y ciencia cognitiva: avances tecnológicos y neurocienciaResumen: El presente artículo es un intento de reflexión sobre la relevancia de la radiología en el proceso de transformación en los estudios de las ciencias cognitivas, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. De esta forma, se buscó explorar los procedimientos producidos por la tecnología de mapeo del cerebro, como siendo factor fundamental en el entendimiento de cómo son las funciones cerebrales y cómo el cerebro aprende. Para esta reflexión, el objetivo es traer los procesos de desarrollo técnico y teórico de equipos de radiología que fueron capaces de contribuir a los estudios de las ciencias cognitivas. Se partió de la hipótesis de que sólo a partir del desarrollo del área de radiología que fue posible el avance en los estudios de las funciones del cerebro. Se espera que tales reflexiones abran caminos para nuevas investigaciones que pretenden explicar aptitudes mentales como el lenguaje, la memoria y análisis más profundos, para describir cómo los procesos neuropsicológicos producen el estado cognitivo.Descriptores: Radiología, Ciencia Cognitiva, Tecnología, Cerebro.

scholarly journals Measuring the Safety Effect of Raised Bicycle Crossings Using a New Research Methodology

1998 ◽  
Vol 1636 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Gårder ◽  
Lars Leden ◽  
Urho Pulkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Accident Analysis ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Expert Model ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Safety Effect ◽  
New Research ◽  
Before And After Study

Before-and-after study methodology was developed and applied to evaluating the effect on bicyclists’ safety of raising urban bicycle crossings by 4 to 12 cm. In total, 44 junctions were reconstructed in this way in Gothenburg, Sweden. Four of these were studied in detail. Before the implementations, bicyclists were riding either in the roadway or on separate paths parallel to the roadway. The paths then ended with short ramps or curb cuts at each cross street, and bicyclists used nonelevated, marked bicycle crossings, similar to pedestrian crosswalks but delineated by white painted rectangles rather than zebra stripes. The results show that the paths with raised crossings attracted more than 50 percent more bicyclists and that the safety per bicyclist was improved by approximately 20 percent due to the increase in bicycle flow, and with an additional 10 to 50 percent due to the improved layout. However, the increased bicyclist volume means that the total number of bicycle accidents is expected to increase. Besides accident analysis, the change in risk was estimated using four different methods: surveys of bicyclists and experts, respectively; conflict data; and a quantitative expert model. Using a Bayesian approach for combining the results shows that the most likely effect of raising the bicycle crossing is a risk reduction of around 30 percent, compared with the before situation with a conventional bicycle crossing. Motorists and pedestrians also saw safety benefits from this traffic-calming measure.

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