The control of the qualitative and quantitative composi-tion of vitamins and tocopherols of various types of vegetable oils

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Александр Николаевич Остриков ◽  
Наталья Леонидовна Клейменова ◽  
Инэсса Николаевна Болгова ◽  
Максим Васильевич Копылов ◽  
Екатерина Юрьевна Желтоухова
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Vitamin Activity

Использование растительных масел в рационе человека необходимо для удовлетворения энергетической потребности организма и регулирования биологических процессов. В настоящей работе представлен качественный и количественный состав витаминов и токоферолов различных видов растительных масел, полученных холодным отжимом из выращенных в нашей стране расторопши, горчицы, подсолнечника, рыжика, рапса. Проведен сравнительный анализ литературных источников о наличии витаминов и токоферолов в различных растительных маслах. Количественный и качественный витаминный состав для одного и того же вида масла, по данным разных авторов, варьируется в достаточно широком диапазоне. В ходе исследования изучен витаминный состав пяти растительных масел. Результаты свидетельствуют, что наибольшей витаминной активностью обладают масла рыжиковое, расторопши и горчичное. Установлено наличие витамина А в маслах: рыжиковом (27,15±0,002 мкг%), расторопши (19,07±0,02 мкг%), горчичном (24,77±0,02 мкг%). Витамины В и В присутствуют в маслах горчичном, рыжиковом и расторопши; витамин В определен в горчичном и рыжиковом, В - в рыжиковом и расторопши. В маслах горчичном и расторопши присутствует витамин В. Наиболее богаты витамином Е масла рыжиковое (52,8±0,02 мг%), подсолнечное (48,3±0,02 мг%), расторопши (47,12±0,02 мг%). Витамин К и токоферолы определены во всех растительных маслах. Присутствие b-каротина обнаружено в рыжиковом (1,237±0,004 мг%), расторопши (0,812±0,002 мг%), подсолнечном (0,22±0,02 мг%) и горчичном (0,148±0,002 мг%) маслах. Анализируемые масла холодного отжима можно рассматривать как ценный источник при проектировании новых многоцелевых продуктов или побочных продуктов для промышленного, косметического и фармацевтического использования. The use of vegetable oils in the human diet is necessary to meet the energy needs of the body and regulate biological processes. This work presents the qualitative and quantitative composition of vitamins and tocopherols of various types of vegetable oils obtained by cold pressing from silybum marianum, mustard, sunflower, camelina, rapeseed grown in our country. A comparative analysis of the literature on the presence of vitamins and tocopherols in various vegetable oils has been carried out. The quantitative and qualitative vitamin composition for the same type of oil, according to different authors, varies in a wide range. During the study, the vitamin composition of five vegetable oils was studied. The results indicate that the following oils have the highest vitamin activity: camelina, silybum marianum and mustard. The presence of vitamin A was found in oils: camelina (27.15±0.002 μg%), silybum marianum (19.07±0.02 μg%), mustard (24.77±0.02 μg%). Vitamins B and B are present in mustard, camelina and silybum marianum oils; vitamin B is found in mustard and camelina; B in camelina and silybum marianum. Mustard and silybum marianum oils contain vitamin B. The richest in vitamin E are camelina (52.8±0.02 mg%), sunflower (48.3±0.02 mg%), silybum marianum (47.12±0.02 mg%). Vitamin K and tocopherols are found in all vegetable oils. The presence of b-carotene was found in camelina (1.237±0.004 mg%), silybum marianum (0.812±0.002 mg%), sunflower (0.22±0.02 mg%) and mustard (0.148±0.002 mg%) oils. The analyzed cold-pressed oils can be considered as a valuable resource when designing new multipurpose products or by-products for industrial, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.

scholarly journals Bioregulatory approach to stimulating sport horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (94) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
K. O. Skoryk ◽  
S. V. Girin ◽  
S. Е. Kokish ◽  
І. І. Tatsyuk ◽  
O. V. Dobrovolskyi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Cytochemical Analysis ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

The presented work presents the results of the effectiveness of the bioregulatory approach in stimulating sports horses. The aim of the study was to find a way to safely restore the energy balance and prevent the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the musculoskeletal system during significant physical exertion. Sport horses spend a lot of energy not only in competition, but also during daily training. Such loads require a high supply of energy. Often the body uses its last reserves to compensate for its energy needs, which leads to exhaustion and the appearance of various diseases. First of all, diseases occur in the musculoskeletal system, because it is the limbs that bear the greatest load during training. As you know, various synthetic doping is introduced to keep animals in a sporty tone. Their action is not long-lasting, but it has many side effects for the animal's body and leads to disruption of the functioning of organs and systems. Today, there is an alternative to such stimulation methods thanks to a bioregulatory approach in the treatment of animals using preparations containing exclusively natural ingredients. To confirm the effectiveness of the use of bioregulatory drugs, clinical and laboratory studies of animal blood (general, biochemical, cytochemical) were carried out. The main changes in laboratory parameters were obtained by cytochemical analysis of such enzymes as GPDH, SDH. These enzymes are among the main indicators of the intensity of energy metabolism in the horse's body. The quantitative composition of basophils and eosinophils has also changed, which indicates a decrease in the level of the inflammatory process in the body of experimental animals. The results obtained prove the effectiveness of the investigated drugs and their direct influence on the energy balance of the “horse-athlete”. Thanks to the natural composition of the components of the preparations used, side effects on the body can be avoided and used without restrictions throughout the horse's sports career.

Hygiene of microbiota of broiler chickens with introduction of sorbent additive based on tripoli

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Ivan I. Kochish ◽  
◽  
Petr A. Krasochko ◽  
Elena A. Kapitonova ◽  
Aleksandr A. Lysenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Toxic Load ◽  
Poultry Farming

Currently, mycotoxicosis and losses of poultry farming from non-communicable diseases are not a solved problem. The microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens, under the influence of the feed components, undergoes a qualitative change throughout the entire period of poultry growing. Authors in dynamics carried out studies to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota of broiler chickens and its response to the impact of the feed additive «MeKaSorb». Introduction of various sorbent additives into the diet, including those based on tripoli, improves detoxification processes, regulates mineral, enzyme, hormonal and vitamin metabolism in the body of poultry. Ensuring maximum hygiene of the broiler microbiota allows to reduce the toxic load on the body of young poultry, ensure high safety of the livestock and get the maximum amount of products. Improving the sanitary quality and safety of food, as well as the prevention of diseases in poultry and humans is the most important task that must be addressed by the chief specialists at poultry farms. It has been established that the introduction of a patented additive-sorbent of mycotoxins based on tripoli «MeKaSorb» ensures the hygiene of the microbiota of broiler chickens, stimulates the growth and development of lacto- and bifidoflora, reduces the number of aerobic microorganisms and inhibits the reproduction and colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by bacteria of the intestinal group. Feed additive «MeKaSorb» is recommended for use in compound feeds for preventive purposes when growing poultry.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF METHODS FOR THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF TANNINS IN PLANT MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Andreyevna Orlova ◽  
Maria Nikolayevna Povydysh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range

Tannins are an extensive group of secondary metabolites widely used in medical practice and in human activities. They are characterized by a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antitumor, astringent, hemostatic, antioxidant and prooxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, and others. The methods used for the chemical analysis of this group of compounds and for the standardization of tannin-containing types of plant materials have been improved with the development of analytical methods. Addressing the issues of standardization and application of hydrolysable and condensed tannins remain relevant today. This review reflects the main milestones in the historical development of tannin analysis: from using qualitative droplet reactions and physical properties, using the simplest physico-chemical analysis methods to establishing the structure of NMR spectroscopy, and from titrimetric methods using chemical and physico-chemical indicators to modern high-performance chromatography with various types of detectors, as well as the use of combinations of modern physicochemical methods of analysis with mathematical methods for assessing and predicting the qualitative and quantitative composition of tannins and their pharmacological effect. The main types of biological activity of hydrolysable and condensed tannins obtained from plant objects and their mechanisms of action are described.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF RAT BONE MARROW UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NITRATE SALTS IN INCREASED CONCENTRATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
V. V. Kryvetsʹkyy ◽  
I. Ye. Herasymyuk ◽  
I. I. Kryvetsʹka
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Stromal Component ◽  
Nitrate Salts

The study of the qualitative composition of water and food products revealed the increased concentration of nitrates in their composition. Nitric acid salts in toxic doses can lead to disorders of the endocrine system, blood circulation, central nervous system, etc. Bone marrow is one of the most sensitive organs, which is responsible for the formation of cellular elements of blood. The object of our research was to study the morphological peculiarities of the bone marrow of rats under the influence of nitrate salts on the body and to determine the regularities of subacute and chronic hemotoxic effect of xenobiotics on the process of granulocyto-, erythrocyto- and thrombocytopoiesis. The study was conducted on 48 mature male rats. Nitrate Na (NaNO3) was used as xenobiotic. The animals were removed from the experiment on 10th, 30th and 90th day. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the parenchymatous and stromal component of the bone marrow was studied on the samples, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. During the experiment, the most expressed changes were observed in erythron: reduced number of nuclear cells in erythroid islands, signs of their diserythropoiesis – focal vacuolization, abnormal shape and size of the nuclei, their fragmentation, pathological inclusions in cytoplasm. Changes in granulocytopoiesis were expressed by the disturbance of their stratification – precursors with different degree of maturity were present in all parts of the medullary canal. Changes in megakaryocytes were expressed by their focal accumulation in the form of clusters and partial dislocation, regarding the sinusoids. The observations on animals revealed the term-dependent nature of changes in the bone marrow. On the 90th day, a progression of qualitative and quantitative changes in hematopoietic tissue was determined. The hemotoxic effect was expressed by disorders in the maturation of all its precursors – the ratio of parenchyma-stroma was still reduced, dysplastic changes in erythron increased, focal dystrophic changes in the stromal component of the bone marrow were observed.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in permafrost peatlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Pastukhov ◽  
Sergey Loiko ◽  
Dmitry Kaverin
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Individual Pahs ◽  
Siberian Permafrost ◽  
Peat Plateaus

AbstractThe concentrations of 15 individual PAHs in 93 peat cores have been determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography methods. In the profile the qualitative and quantitative composition of PAHs was non-uniform estimated in a wide range: from 112 to 3673 ng/g with mean 1214 ± 794 ng/g. Among 15 identified individual PAHs, the main contribution to their total amount was made by heavy highly condensed PAHs in the Eastern European peat plateaus, in particular, 6-nuclear benzo[ghi]perylene (1021 ± 707 ng/g), whereas in West Siberian permafrost peatlands, light PAHs were dominating, mostly naphthalene and phenanthrene (211 ± 87 and 64 ± 25 ng/g, respectively). The grass-equisetum peat contained the maximum of heavy PAHs and the dwarf shrub-grass—the minimum. In grass-dwarf shrub, grass-moss and moss peat, the share of 2-nuclear PAHs was most significant: naphthalene and fluorene, as well as 6-nuclear benzo[ghi]perylene. The presence of benzo[ghi]perylene in the entire peat strata, including its permafrost layer, was a marker of the anaerobic conditions that persisted throughout the Holocene and they were necessary for the synthesis of this compound.

Creating the Wind

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Élodie Dupey García
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Natural Behavior ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Identity And Agency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Late Postclassic ◽  
Comparative Examination ◽  
Meteorological Phenomenon

This article explores how the Nahua of late Postclassic Mesoamerica (1200–1521 CE) created living and material embodiments of their wind god constructed on the basis of sensory experiences that shaped their conception of this divinized meteorological phenomenon. In this process, they employed chromatic and design devices, based on a wide range of natural elements, to add several layers of meaning to the human, painted, and sculpted supports dressed in the god’s insignia. Through a comparative examination of pre-Columbian visual production—especially codices and sculptures—historical sources mainly written in Nahuatl during the viceregal period, and ethnographic data on indigenous communities in modern Mexico, my analysis targets the body paint and shell jewelry of the anthropomorphic “images” of the wind god, along with the Feathered Serpent and the monkey-inspired embodiments of the deity. This study identifies the centrality of other human senses beyond sight in the conception of the wind god and the making of its earthly manifestations. Constructing these deity “images” was tantamount to creating the wind because they were intended to be visual replicas of the wind’s natural behavior. At the same time, they referred to the identity and agency of the wind god in myths and rituals.

Protective Effect of Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa Oil Extracts against Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. ◽  
Hassan F. ◽  
Batool S. ◽  
Nadeem M. ◽  
Irshad M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Elevated Blood Glucose

The objective of present study was to analyze and compare the nephroprotective effects of petroleum ether extracts of seeds of Nigella sativa and Silybum marianum in Swiss albino mice. Petroleum ether extracts of seeds of Nigella sativa and Silybum marianum were administered (200 mg kg–1) orally for 14 days following one dose of cisplatin injection (16 mg kg–1 i.p.) on 4th day. Cisplatin toxicity was identified in mice by loss of body weight, reduced triglycerides levels, elevated blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels (P < 0.05). Silybum marianum and Nigella sativa significantly enhanced the body weight (9%) of diabetic rats. Silybum marianum had significantly reduced the elevated blood glucose (–106%), and BUN levels (–9%) as compared to the Nigella sativa administration. Silybum marianum extract also significantly elevated the levels of triglycerides (257%) which were much reduced after the cisplatin injection. Histological study showed that the cisplatin treated group demonstrated the necrosis signs in the glomerulus of Bowman’s capsule, hyalinization and severe cellular damage. The animals administered with extracts showed nearly normal kidney architecture, however, the kidney tissues of Silybum marianum-treated animals showed some improvement with slight signs of cellular damages.

Development and Validation of a New Scoring Tool to Evaluate the Clinical Evolution of Adult Patients with Nonsegmental Vitiligo

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
María Luisa Peralta-Pedrero ◽  
Denisse Herrera-Bringas ◽  
Karla Samantha Torres-González ◽  
Martha Alejandra Morales-Sánchez ◽  
Fermín Jurado Santa-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Clinical Evolution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Extreme Groups

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Vitiligo has an unpredictable course and a variable response to treatment. Furthermore, the improvement of some vitiligo lesions cannot be considered a guarantee of a similar response to the other lesions. Instruments for patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) can be an alternative to measure complex constructions such as clinical evolution. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study was to validate a PROM that allows to measure the clinical evolution of patients with nonsegmental vitiligo in a simple but standardized way that serves to gather information for a better understanding of the disease. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The instrument was created through expert consensus and patient participation. For the validation study, a prospective cohort design was performed. The body surface area affected was measured with the Vitiligo Extension Score (VES), the extension, the stage, and the spread by the evaluation of the Vitiligo European Task Force assessment (VETFa). Reliability was determined with test-retest, construct validity through hypothesis testing, discriminative capacity with extreme groups, and response capacity by comparing initial and final measurements. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Eighteen semi-structured interviews and 7 cognitive interviews were conducted, and 4 dermatologists were consulted. The instrument Clinical Evolution-Vitiligo (CV-6) was answered by 119 patients with a minimum of primary schooling. A wide range was observed in the affected body surface; incident and prevalent cases were included. The average time to answer the CV-6 was 3.08 ± 0.58 min. In the test-retest (<i>n</i> = 53), an intraclass correlation coefficient was obtained: 0.896 (95% CI 0.82–0.94; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). In extreme groups, the mean score was 2 (2–3) and 5 (4–6); <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001. The initial CV-6 score was different from the final one and the change was verified with VES and VETFa (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05, <i>n</i> = 92). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The CV-6 instrument allows patient collaboration, it is simple and brief, and it makes it easier for the doctor to focus attention on injuries that present changes at the time of medical consultation.

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