scholarly journals Cash Grant for Women: What we achieved from Income Support Program of Pakistan?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Dr. Mahmood ul Hasan Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Safana Shaheen ◽  
Saifullah

The study found that Benazir Income Support Program has positive impact to control the extent of poverty in Pakistan; however, the grant is unable to get the beneficiary out of poverty. We interviewed 1000 female beneficiaries of this social protection program from Punjab province of Pakistan and found that the amount of grant helps to manage household expenditures and their food intake has been improved. Major share of the grant goes to the food followed by clothing and education. The results of multinomial regression found that increase in the family size is the factor that blurs the poverty reduction goal of Benazir Income Support Program. Moreover, the beneficiary belonged to rural area and unemployment of the household head are also the reasons that grant is unable to reduce poverty level.

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 283-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijaz Nabi

Pakistan has launched two far reaching social protection programs. The federal government’s Benazir Income Support Program has, at its core, an unconditional cash grant for the poorest households. Responding to the concern that this runs the risk of creating a large pool of permanent government handout recipients, the federal government has also launched an ambitious skills development program. At the provincial level, the government of Punjab is implementing skills development as social welfare in the four poorest Southern Punjab districts. The paper discusses the structure of the two programs, their success at reaching the poor and the monitoring challenges to assess their overall effectiveness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-16
Author(s):  
Iram Rani ◽  
Minhoon Khan Laghari ◽  
Muhammad Asif Channa

Purpose: This Study intends the assessment of microloan by U Microfinance Bank from females of upper Sindh. The core objective was to assess the impact of U-Microfinance on the poverty level of female for improving their living standards by providing them micro-loans to be used for their small-scale business which could enable them to be empowered politically, socially, economically, and assessing its impacts on the health and education of their families. Methodology: This study was conducted on the assessment of microloan interventions of U Microfinance Bank in the rural areas of upper Sindh. A quantitative approach was used to measure the impact of microloan on the poverty status of the female along with a qualitative study to further confirm the findings. In this study, a quasi-experimental design was used in which two groups of data from the same respondents assuming the data ‘Before-loan and After-Loan Situation’ from the female borrowers of Khairpur, Sukkur, Shikarpur, Larkana, and Dadu Districts of Upper Sindh. Poverty Score Card was used as a survey instrument originally developed by the World Bank for each region separately. The collected data were analyzed by applying the descriptive statistics and logistic regression technique by using SPSS latest version. Results: Results of the logistic regression analysis demonstrate that the microloan program does empower females of targeted cities, but the empowerment process does not necessarily occur simultaneously across all dimensions. Whereas microfinance does effect individually on each dimension of empowerment. For microfinance ventures, the results suggest that occupation types have a positive impact on women's empowerment. Applications of this study: This study can be very effective in improving the strategies for poverty reduction among the female borrowers of the upper Sindh. The Novelty of the study: The novelty of this study investigating the effect of poverty reduction strategies on female empowerment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Charles Ruranga ◽  
Scott Hacker

This paper analyses the determinants of Rwandan households having savings accounts using Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey  (IHLCS) data of 2010/11. After a background discussion and literature review an empirical analysis is presented with different variables adopted and analysed as determinants of household’s head having savings accounts. Poverty level, age, gender, residential area and level education of household head (literate or not) were considered as independent variables of the study. Findings from the estimations of logit models indicate the likelihood of a household having a savings account is positively and significantly related to each of the following: non-poor status of the household,the household residing in an urban area, the household head being male, and the household head being literate. Having the household head be literate tends to be more important for younger household heads and for non-poor households. The proportion of households having money in a savings account more than doubled over the decade between the IHLCS 2000/2001 survey and the IHLCS 2010/2011 survey. Government policies on savings and poverty reduction may explain the trend of increased cash balances in saving accounts. Key Words: Savings, Bank Accounts, Households, Determinants,


Author(s):  
Nur Hidayati

This study aims to (1) identify portrait of poverty in the remote area of ??Erpach, (2) portrait of poverty in the remote area of ??Soponyono, (3) identify poverty reduction efforts through social protection programs. The approach used is a qualitative approach, the type of research uses qualitative descriptive type. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause poverty in the Erpach and Soponyono regions are the first structural and cultural poverty, the two education age communities do not have school motivation because of the distance and the difficult terrain, the third is the low skills of the community to manage potential in the area, the fourth is the lack of public education, the fifth part of the community lives around the forest and the coast. The mitigation efforts, first held the FGD (Focus Group Discussion), the second carried out the SAS social protection program (Peer Care) in cooperation with the village government with the local government, thirdly the skills training in managing the potential of the region in cooperation with the Cooperative and UMKM Office (Micro Business, Small and Medium) Banyuwangi district, and all four education programs are obliged to learn to cooperate with the Education Office


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Augustine Okon Jacob ◽  
Okon Joseph Umoh ◽  
Jackson Ibanga Ibanga

This study examines the role of bank credits on poverty reduction in Nigeria. Despite different measures by the government in channelling bank credits to the private sector. Poverty is still one of the greatest challenges facing Nigeria today. The study adopts econometrics quantitative methods in analysing annual time series data to achieve the objectives of the study. From the results, the granger causality test shows that there is no causal relationship between bank credit and poverty level in Nigeria. There is a unidirectional causal relationship between agricultural loan and poverty flowing from poverty. The OLS result indicate that there is a significant positive impact of bank credit on poverty reduction and there is a significant negative impact of agricultural loan on poverty level in Nigeria. This study recommends that federal government should ensure agriculture loan is redirected to the proper farmers in the country to reduce poverty in the country.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor E. Oriavwote ◽  
Andrew Ukawe

<p><em>This research investigates the relevance of government expenditure on poverty reduction in Nigeria. The main objective is thus to investigate whether the poverty reduction efforts through government spending has actually translated into a reduction in the poverty level. The study covered the period between 1980 and 2016. The ECM model and cointegration models of the OLS as well as the granger causality techniques were used to analyze the data. The result of the ADF unit root test indicates that all the variables are I(1). The result of the Johansen cointegration indicates the existence of a long run equilibrium relationship among the variables. The result of the parsimonious ECM indicates that though the one period lag government expenditure on health has a significant and positive impact on the per capita income, it has a low elasticity. The result indicates further that government expenditure on education has a significant and positive impact on the per capita income. The result indicates further that government expenditure on building and construction has a significant and positive impact on the per capita income, the elasticity is however very low. The granger causality test result indicates no causality between government expenditure on health and education. A bicausal relationship however exists between government expenditure on education and per capita income. The result shows no causality between government expenditure on building and construction and the per capita income. The result recommends amongst others an increment and proper monitoring of government spending which could be enhanced through public private partnership.</em></p>


Author(s):  
Lyudmyla Mishchenko ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Mishchenko ◽  

The actualization of the results of financial decentralization in Ukraine as part of the reform of decentralization of power and the development of proposals for its improvement is explained by the fact that a clear division of functions, powers and financial resources between national and regional levels is the basis for the well-being of our citizens. opportunities for its sustainable socio- economic development on a democratic basis. It is noted that financial decentralization is a process of giving authority to mobilize revenues and expenditures of local governments in order to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of these powers and better management of community budgets. It is established that unlike traditional entrepreneurship, which focuses on profit generation, the purpose of social entrepreneurship is to create and accumulate social capital. Abroad, social enterprises operate successfully in the fields of education, the environment, human rights, poverty reduction and health care, and their development and dissemination is one way to improve the living conditions of citizens. A similar mission is entrusted to local governments, which allows us to consider the revival of social entrepreneurship as an important element in improving self-government policy. It is determined that in modern conditions social entrepreneurship is one of the tools to ensure the ability of the local community to provide its members with an appropriate level of education, culture, health, housing and communal services, social protection, etc., as well as plan and implement programs efficient use of available natural and human resources, investment and infrastructural support of territorial communities. Due to financial decentralization, local governments have received additional resources that can be used to create economic incentives to promote social entrepreneurship in small and medium-sized businesses at the community level.


GIS Business ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Sunita Kumari ◽  
Bino Paul G.D.

We explore emerging contexts of social entrepreneurship in India. Social entrepreneurship is emerging as an important option in poverty reduction and social change wherein organizing societal responses to scenarios like entrenched deprivation, cumulative disadvantages, long extant institutional lock-in, and vulnerabilities enmeshed in social stratification, hiatus emanating from segmentation of labour market and inadequate coverage of social protection form the core of strategies/collectives/organisation. In this paper, first, drawing cues from the literature, we outline basic typology of social entrepreneurship while delineating pivotal role technology and collaboration play in social entrepreneurship. Second, we provide a glimpse of not profit organisations in India, based on the secondary data. We juxtapose select patterns from the data on non profit organisations with human development. Third, we discuss select cases of social entrepreneurship that diverge in characteristics and contexts, in particular how these initiatives work towards poverty reduction and social development.


Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Xiaolei Wang ◽  
Apurbo Sarkar ◽  
Lu Qian

Market-based initiatives like agriculture value chain (AVC) are becoming progressively pervasive to support smallholder rural farmers and assist them in entering larger market interventions and providing a pathway of enhancing their socioeconomic well-being. Moreover, it may also foster staggering effects towards the post-era poverty alleviation in rural areas and possessed a significant theoretical and practical influence for modern agricultural development. The prime objective of the study is to explore the effects of smallholder farmers’ participation in the agricultural value chain for availing rural development and poverty alleviation. Specifically, we have crafted the assessment employing pre-production (improved fertilizers usage), in-production (modern preservation technology), and post-production (supply chain) participation and interventions of smallholder farmers. The empirical data has been collected from a micro survey dataset of 623 kiwifruit farmers from July to September in Shaanxi, China. We have employed propensity score matching (PSM), probit, and OLS models to explore the multidimensional poverty reduction impact and heterogeneity of farmers’ participation in the agricultural value chain. The results show that the total number of poor farmers who have experienced one-dimensional and two-dimensional poverty is relatively high (66.3%). We also find that farmers’ participation in agricultural value chain activities has a significant poverty reduction effect. The multidimensional poverty level of farmers using improved fertilizer, organizational acquisition, and using storage technology (compared with non-participating farmers) decreased by 30.1%, 46.5%, and 25.0%, respectively. The multidimensional poverty reduction degree of male farmers using improved fertilizer and participating in the organizational acquisition is greater than that of women. The multidimensional poverty reduction degree of female farmers using storage and fresh-keeping technology has a greater impact than the males using storage and improved storage technology. Government should widely promote the value chain in the form of pre-harvest, production, and post-harvest technology. The public–private partnership should also be strengthened for availing innovative technologies and infrastructure development.


1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale W Jorgenson

Official U.S. poverty statistics based on household income imply that the proportion of the U.S. population below the poverty level reached a minimum in 1973, giving rise to the widespread impression that the elimination of poverty is impossible. By contrast, poverty estimates based on household consumption have fallen through 1989 and imply that the war on poverty was a success. This paper recommends replacing income by consumption in official estimates of poverty in order to obtain a more accurate assessment of the impact of income support programs and economic growth on the level and distribution of economic well-being among households.


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