In- vitro Antioxidant and Cardio-protective effect of Delonix elata (L.) Leaf extract against Doxorubicin induced toxicity in H9c2 Cardio-myocyte cell line

2021 ◽  
pp. 5635-5641
Author(s):  
Archana V ◽  
Indumathy R
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Oxygen Species

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of Delonix elata (L.) leaf extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells. Methods: Doxorubicin has been used to treat cancer, but its clinical uses are limited because of its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the pathological process of cardiotoxicity. The various extracts (pet.ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol) of Delonix elata leaves antioxidant property was evaluated by SOD antioxidant assay and DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The cells were incubated with different concentrations of various extracts of Delonix elata leaves for 2 hr, followed by incubation with 5µM doxorubicin for 24 hr. Cell viability was determined by using MTT assay, respectively. Results: The various extracts of Delonix elata leaves exhibits antioxidant activity. The Doxorubicin significantly decreased cell viability which was accompanied by an increased ROS production. Pre-treatment with various extracts of Delonix elata leaves increased the viability ofcells and inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species. Conclusion: In this study, findings how that Delonix elata leaf extract exhibited a protective effect against oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte damage. The ethanolic extract of Delonix elata leaves possesses significant antioxidant and cardioprotective activity.

scholarly journals Determination of Total Phenolic, Tannin, Flavonoid Contents and Evaluation of Antioxidant Property of Amaranthus tricolor (L)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowjanya Pulipati ◽  
P. Srinivasa Babu ◽  
U. Naveena ◽  
S.K. Rafeeka Parveen ◽  
S.K. Sumaya Nausheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor

Free radicals or reactive oxygen species are involved in various pharmacological conditions. As synthetic antioxidants possess numerous adverse health effects, the medicinal plants possessing antioxidant components can be used to prevent harmful effects of reactive oxygen species. In the present study leaves of Amaranthus tricolor Linn were used to prepare chloroform (CEAT), methanolic (MEAT) and aqueous (AEAT) extracts, analyze the presence of phytochemicals and evaluation of in-vitro antioxidant property. Quantitative determination of phenols, tannins and flavonoids in leaves A.tricolor was carried out using spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH, p-NDA radical scavenging methods for different extracts of the plant. The plant species showed that methanolic extract (MEAT) on higher concentration possess better antioxidant potential when compared with reference standard ascorbic acid. The plant extracts exhibited strong antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging activity with the IC50 values 290, 657, 830 and 130μg/ml of MEAT, CEAT, AEAT and ASA respectively. In scavenging hydroxyl radical by p-NDA method the MEAT showed maximum activity, CEAT showed moderate and AEAT showed minimum activity. The strongest antioxidant activity of MEAT could be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of a Fucose-Rich Fucoidan Isolated from Saccharina japonica against Ultraviolet B-Induced Photodamage In Vitro in Human Keratinocytes and In Vivo in Zebrafish

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanchun Su ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Fu ◽  
Liying Ni ◽  
Delin Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species

A fucose-rich fucoidan was purified from brown seaweed Saccharina japonica, of which the UVB protective effect was investigated in vitro in keratinocytes of HaCaT cells and in vivo in zebrafish. The intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and the viability of UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells were determined. The results indicate that the purified fucoidan significantly reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and improved the viability of UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the purified fucoidan remarkably decreased the apoptosis by regulating the expressions of Bax/Bcl-xL and cleaved caspase-3 in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the in vivo UV protective effect of the purified fucoidan was investigated using a zebrafish model. It significantly reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species level, the cell death, the NO production, and the lipid peroxidation in UVB-irradiated zebrafish in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that purified fucoidan has a great potential to be developed as a natural anti-UVB agent applied in the cosmetic industry.

scholarly journals Protection of Hypoglycemia-Induced Neuronal Death by β-Hydroxybutyrate Involves the Preservation of Energy Levels and Decreased Production of Reactive Oxygen Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 851-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Julio-Amilpas ◽  
Teresa Montiel ◽  
Eva Soto-Tinoco ◽  
Cristian Gerónimo-Olvera ◽  
Lourdes Massieu
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Atp Production

Glucose is the main energy substrate in brain but in certain circumstances such as prolonged fasting and the suckling period alternative substrates can be used such as the ketone bodies (KB), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and acetoacetate. It has been shown that KB prevent neuronal death induced during energy limiting conditions and excitotoxicity. The protective effect of KB has been mainly attributed to the improvement of mitochondrial function. In the present study, we have investigated the protective effect of D-BHB against neuronal death induced by severe noncoma hypoglycemia in the rat in vivo and by glucose deprivation (GD) in cortical cultures. Results show that systemic administration of D-BHB reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in distinct cortical areas and subregions of the hippocampus and efficiently prevents neuronal death in the cortex of hypoglycemic animals. In vitro results show that D-BHB stimulates ATP production and reduces ROS levels, while the nonphysiologic isomer of BHB, L-BHB, has no effect on energy production but reduces ROS levels. Data suggest that protection by BHB, not only results from its metabolic action but is also related to its capability to reduce ROS, rendering this KB as a suitable candidate for the treatment of ischemic and traumatic injury.

Passiflora manicata (Juss.) aqueous leaf extract protects against reactive oxygen species and protein glycation in vitro and ex vivo models

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurilio da Silva Morrone ◽  
Adriano Martimbianco de Assis ◽  
Ricardo Fagundes da Rocha ◽  
Juciano Gasparotto ◽  
Andressa Córneo Gazola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

scholarly journals Niosome-carvedilol protects DNA damage of supraphysiologic concentrations of insulin using comet assay: An in vitro study

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110361
Author(s):  
Marzieh Farahani-Zangaraki ◽  
Azade Taheri ◽  
Mahmoud Etebari
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Introduction: Hyperinsulinemia occurs in type 2 diabetic patients with insulin resistance. This increase in insulin levels in the blood increases reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress, resulting in DNA damage. Carvedilol (CRV) is a non-selective beta-blocker, and research has shown that this compound and its metabolites have anti-oxidative properties. Carvedilol can, directly and indirectly, reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has a protective effect on DNA damage from oxidative stress. Given the insolubility of CRV in water, finding new methods to increase its solubility can be an essential step in research. This study aimed to determine whether carvedilol could have a protective effect on insulin-induced genomic damage. Methods: We treated cells with insulin alone, amorphous-CRV alone, and amorphous-CRV and niosomal-CRV with insulin and DNA damage were investigated using the comet method to achieve this goal. Results: Our results showed that insulin in the studied concentration has a significant genotoxic effect and non-cytotoxic at higher concentrations. CRV, both in amorphous and niosome form, reduced insulin-induced DNA damage by reducing ROS production. The comet assay results demonstrate that treating HUVEC cells in pretreatment condition with amorphous-CRV and niosome-CRV significantly reduces DNA damage of insulin.

scholarly journals In vitro Studies on Calcium Oxalate Induced Apoptosis Attenuated by Didymocarpus pedicellata

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 7342-7355
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

The present study focuses on exploring the antilithiatic potential of Didymocarpus pedicellata, which is valuable in managing renal disorders. Urolithiasis is an idiopathic disorder with a high recurrence and an incidence rate and is of major concern worldwide due to partial and unsatisfactory relief. Calcium oxalate crystals in contact with renal epithelial cells (HK2), causing reactive oxygen species overproduction, oxidative stress, apoptosis resulting in crystal adhesion and internalization. Crystals were modulated by cotreatment with ethanolic extract of D. pedicellata. Cell toxicity assay was assessed using flow cytometry. Cell-crystal interaction, adhesion, and internalization were visualized through Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The lithogenic induction caused impairment of renal function due to oxidative stress, measured by ROS levels. Cell death assays were detected by dual staining methods. Fluorimeter evaluation pointed to active caspase 3 mediated cell death (apoptotic) in oxalate injured cells was attenuated by Didymocarpus pedicellata extract. Alterations in cell adhesion were observed by immunocytochemistry. The current study revealed that the Didymocarpus pedicellata was endowed with antiurolithiatic activity as it displayed increased viability, reduced oxidative stress due to lowered production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreased apoptosis when oxalate injured HK2 cells were cotreated with the extract.

scholarly journals The Leaf Extract of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Accelerated In Vitro Wound Healing by Reducing Oxidative Stress Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Poommaree Namchaiw ◽  
Yamaratee Jaisin ◽  
Cholticha Niwaspragrit ◽  
Kittiya Malaniyom ◽  
Anyamanee Auvuchanon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Ic50 Value

The impairment in the regulation of the physiological process in the inflammatory phase of wound healing results in oxidative stress damage, which increases the severity and extends the healing time. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the radical scavenging properties of Coccinia leaf extract and its ability to ameliorate a migration process in vitro. Coccinia is a medicinal plant that was used in ancient times for relieving insect bite itching and swelling. However, the role of Coccinia leaf extract as an antioxidant related to the process of wound healing has never been studied. In this study, we demonstrated that the leaf extract possessed antioxidant properties that acted as a proton donor to neutralize reactive oxygen species with the IC50 value of 4.85 mg/mL of the extract. It could chelate iron with the IC50 value of 21.39 mg/mL of the extract. The leaf extract protected the human fibroblasts and keratinocytes from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress by increasing cell survival rate by more than 20% in all test doses. The protective property was dose-dependently correlated with the decrease in reactive oxygen species formation. In addition, the leaf extract enhanced the cell migration rate of fibroblasts and keratinocytes up to 23% compared with vehicle control. The results suggested that Coccinia leaf extract may be a potential herb for increasing the wound healing process with its antioxidant capacity and can be used as an herbal ingredient for the utilization of skincare products.

scholarly journals Propolis, a Constituent of Honey, Inhibits the Development of Sugar Cataracts and High-Glucose-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species in Rat Lenses

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teppei Shibata ◽  
Shinsuke Shibata ◽  
Naoko Shibata ◽  
Etsuko Kiyokawa ◽  
Hiroshi Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Intracellular Ros ◽  
Sugar Cataract

Purpose.This study investigated the effects of oral propolis on the progression of galactose-induced sugar cataracts in rats and thein vitroeffects of propolis on high-glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death in cultured rat lens cells (RLECs).Methods. Galactose-fed rats and RLECs cultured in high glucose (55 mM) medium were treated with propolis or vehicle control. Relative lens opacity was assessed by densitometry and changes in lens morphology by histochemical analysis. Intracellular ROS levels and cell viability were measured.Results. Oral administration of propolis significantly inhibited the onset and progression of cataract in 15% and 25% of galactose-fed rats, respectively. RLECs cultured with high glucose showed a significant increase in ROS expression with reduced cell viability. Treatment of these RLECs with 5 and 50 μg/mL propolis cultured significantly reduced ROS levels and increased cell viability, indicating that the antioxidant activity of propolis protected cells against ROS-induced damage.Conclusion. Propolis significantly inhibited the onset and progression of sugar cataract in rats and mitigated high-glucose-induced ROS production and cell death. These effects may be associated with the ability of propolis to inhibit hyperglycemia-evoked oxidative or osmotic stress-induced cellular insults.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of 1,4-Naphthoquinones in an In Vitro Model of Paraquat and 6-OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9933
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Menchinskaya ◽  
Ekaterina Chingizova ◽  
Evgeny Pislyagin ◽  
Galina Likhatskaya ◽  
Yuri Sabutski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Targeted screening using the MTT cell viability test with a mini-library of natural and synthetic 1,4-naphthoquinones and their derivatives was performed in order to increase the survival of Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells in in vitro paraquat and 6-hydroxydopamine models of Parkinson’s disease. As a result, 10 compounds were selected that could protect neuronal cells from the cytotoxic effects of both paraquat and 6-hydroxydopamine. The five most active compounds at low concentrations were found to significantly protect the activity of nonspecific esterase from the inhibitory effects of neurotoxins, defend cell biomembranes from lytic destruction in the presence of paraquat and 6-hydroxydopamine, and normalize the cell cycle. The protective effects of these compounds are associated with the suppression of oxidative stress, decreased expression of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide formation in cells and normalization of mitochondrial function, and restoration of the mitochondrial membrane potential altered by neurotoxins. It was suggested that the neuroprotective activity of the studied 1,4-NQs is attributable to their pronounced antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity and their ability to reduce the amount of reactive oxygen species formed by paraquat and 6-hydroxydopamine action on neuronal cells. The significant correlation between the neuroprotective properties of 1,4-naphthoquinones and Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship descriptors describing the physicochemical properties of these compounds means that the hydrophobicity, polarity, charge, and shape of the molecules can be of decisive importance in determining the biological activity of studied substances.

Synergistic Effect Of Nifurtimox and Inhibition Of Hsp70/Hsp90 In Treatment Of Neuroblastoma

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 5567-5567
Author(s):  
Karin Melanie Rohrer ◽  
Gernot Bruchelt ◽  
Rupert Handgretinger ◽  
Ursula Holzer
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell Lines

Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common solid cancer in childhood with high relapse and mortality rates. Furthermore, high risk neuroblastoma is often accompanied by an infaust prognosis. The 5-nitrofuran nifurtimox, usually used in the treatment of Chagas disease, showed cytotoxic effects against neuroblastoma in vitro and in experimental therapy, which is presumably due to the formation of oxidative stress. Inducing oxidative stress is a well investigated and suitable strategy in the treatment of malignant diseases in vitro but often encounters difficulties in clinical administration. Thus, nifurtimox as a well-established drug represents a promising new approach in treating neuroblastoma. Combining the induction of reactive oxygen species by application of nifurtimox with a blockade of the cells’ own stress response might even increase the cytotoxic effects. The chaperones heat shock protein 70 and 90 (Hsp70/Hsp90) are responsible for refolding or degrading damaged proteins, especially after stress situations such as heat or oxidative stress. Therefore, the roles of Hsp70 and Hsp90 were investigated in more detail. The commercially available human neuroblastoma cell lines IMR-32, LA-N-1 and the cell line LS, which has been established in the children’s hospital Tuebingen, were exposed to increasing doses of nifurtimox (0.070 mM to 0.348 mM) and incubated for 1, 2 or 3 days. It could be observed that cell viability of all cell lines was significantly and dose-dependently reduced (p<0.01) after nifurtimox treatment. An average reduction of cell viability by 50% was achieved after 24h incubation with 0.348 mM nifurtimox (LS and IMR-32). The assumption that nifurtimox induces the formation of reactive oxygen species could be confirmed. The amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species was significantly increased (p<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in all cell lines after 24h. Furthermore, expression levels of heat shock proteins Hsp70 and Hsp90 were investigated. Western blot analysis revealed increased intracellular expression levels for both heat shock proteins after 24h nifurtimox treatment. Concluding that Hsp70 and Hsp90 have important roles in tumor cell survival, it was decided to specifically inhibit Hsp90. For this purpose, the neuroblastoma cell lines were treated with the geldanamycin analog 17-Dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG). After inhibition of Hsp90 cells were additionally incubated with the previously used dosages of nifurtimox. A significant higher reduction of the cell viability (p<0.001) could be observed for all neuroblastoma cell lines compared to the application of nifurtimox or 17-DMAG alone. In conclusion, nifurtimox increases oxidative stress in neuroblastoma cell lines leading to significantly decreased cell viability. The specific inhibition of Hsp90 additionally intensifies this effect. The findings suggest that the combined administration of nifurtimox and the specific Hsp90 inhibitor 17-DMAG leads to a synergistic and favorable effect in the treatment of neuroblastoma. More importantly, being an approved medication and well investigated in a wide variety of clinical trials, nifurtimox and 17-DMAG are easy accessible and create a promising new approach not only in neuroblastoma treatment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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