Social Class Differences in Complaining Strategies Used by Customers of Central Santosa Finance

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Insan Utama Sinuraya ◽  
Chairunnissa Chairunnissa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Analysis Technique

This study deals with complaining strategies in different social class. The objectives of this study were to find out the types of complaining strategies used by customers as the complainers and the reasons of the customers used complaint strategies. To achieve the objectives, this study was conducted by applying qualitative research. It is a kind of multi-case study. The subjects of this study were the customers of Central Santosa Finance with different social class, namely working class and middle class. And the objects of this research were the utterances which contained complaining strategies uttered by the customers. The data were collected by using content analysis technique. The data were analyzed based on the theory of complaining strategies proposed by Trosborg (1995) and the interview was conducted to get the answer of the reasons why customers used complaint strategies. Based on the results of this study, the customers from working class dominantly used Explicit Blame and Modified Blame as their complaint strategies. While the customers from middle class tended to use Hints as their complaint strategy which meant that customers form working class were more direct in saying their complaints than customers from middle class. The reasons of they used complaint strategies were Situation and Problem.

scholarly journals Time and money explain social class differences in students’ social integration at university.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Working Class Students ◽  
Exclusion Effect

Working-class students tend to be less socially integrated at university than middle-class students (Rubin, 2012a). The present research investigated two potential reasons for this working-class social exclusion effect. First, working-class students may have fewer finances available to participate in social activities. Second, working-class students tend to be older than middle-class students and, consequently, they are likely to have more work and/or childcare commitments. These additional commitments may prevent them from attending campus which, in turn, reduces their opportunity for social integration. These predictions were confirmed among undergraduate students at an Australian university (N = 433) and a USA university (N = 416). Strategies for increasing working-class students’ social integration at university are discussed.

scholarly journals Age differences explain social class differences in students’ friendship at university: Implications for transition and retention.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Working Class Students ◽  
Social Class Difference

The present research tested the hypotheses that (a) working-class students have fewer friends at university than middle-class students, and (b) this social class difference occurs because working-class students tend to be older than middle-class students. A sample of 376 first-year undergraduate students from an Australian university completed an online survey that contained measures of social class and age as well as quality and quantity of actual and desired friendship at university. Consistent with predictions, age differences significantly mediated social class differences in friendship. The Discussion focuses on potential policy implications for improving working-class students’ friendships at university in order to improve their transition and retention.

scholarly journals Class Diversity and Youth Volunteering in the United Kingdom

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 95S-113S ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Dean
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Widening Access ◽  
The United Kingdom

This article utilizes Pierre Bourdieu’s theories of habitus and cultural capital to offer some explanation as to why there is a lack of class diversity in formal volunteering in the United Kingdom. Recent studies have shown that participation in volunteering is heavily dependent on social class revolving around a highly committed middle-class “civic core” of volunteers. This article draws on original qualitative research to argue that the delivery of recent youth volunteering policies has unintentionally reinforced participation within this group, rather than widening access to diverse populations including working-class young people. Drawing on interviews with volunteer recruiters, it is shown that the pressure to meet targets forces workers to recruit middle-class young people whose habitus allows them to fit instantly into volunteering projects. Furthermore, workers perceive working-class young people as recalcitrant to volunteering, thereby reinforcing any inhabited resistance, and impeding access to the benefits of volunteering.

Charabancs and Social Class in 1930s Britain

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael John Law
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Class Mobility ◽  
Equivalent Motor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Separate Class

The renowned writer J. B. Priestley suggested in 1934 that the motor-coach had annihilated the old distinction between rich and poor passengers in Britain. This article considers how true this was by examining the relationship between charabancs, motor coaches and class. It shows that this important vehicle of inter-war working class mobility had a complicated relationship with class, identifying three distinct forms of this method of travel. It positions the charabanc alongside historical responses to unwelcome steamer and railway day-trippers, and examines how resorts provided separate class-based entertainment for these holidaymakers. Using the case study of a new charabanc-welcoming pub, the Prospect Inn, it proposes that, in the late 1930s, some pubs were beginning to offer charabanc customers facilities that were almost the match of their middle class equivalent. Motor coaches and charabancs contributed to the process of social convergence in inter-war Britain.

Occurrence of Sex and Social Class Differences in Premorbid Competence, Symptom and Outcome Measures in Acute Schizophrenics

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Raskin ◽  
Risa Golob
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Social Achievement ◽  
Negative Findings

An investigation was made of the occurrence of sex and social class differences in 15 premorbid competence, 14 symptom and two outcome measures. The sample comprised 138 newly admitted schizophrenics from nine hospitals. Middle-class patients evinced greater pre-adolescent psychic disturbance, greater premorbid interest and involvement in interpersonal, social and recreational activities, and were more emotionally unrestrained on admission than working-class patients. Female patients were older, more often married, higher on premorbid social achievement, and lower on symptoms characterizing grandiosity. The implications of these essentially negative findings for the process-reactive distinction in schizophrenia, and Zigler and Phillips' reported relationship between premorbid competence and symptoms, are discussed.

Social Class Differences in Language Predictability: Written

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millicent E. Poole
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Class Origin ◽  
First Year University

Two cloze-tests were constructed from written essays encoded by 80 first-year university students of middle-class and working-class origin. In a second experimental situation, 46 tertiary subjects were asked to ‘fill in’ the missing cloze deletions of these written passages. Within the terms of the Bernstein elaborated-restricted code framework it was posited that, since working class language is thought to be characterized by greater lexical and structural predictability, these passages would facilitate the decoding task. The analysis was based firstly on a ‘verbatim’ cloze completion criterion and secondly utilized an information theory approach. Results on the first criterion indicated significant social class differences (higher predictability of working-class messages on lexical and total cloze deletions); whereas those on the second criterion were nonsignificant. Possible implications of the study for teaching were explored.

A Study on Turkish and Lithuanian Young Adults’ Perception of Values

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-508
Author(s):  
Adem Öcal ◽  
Süleyman Yiğittir ◽  
Laima Kyburiene ◽  
Gemma Navickiene
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
International Level ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Points Of View

Whether on a national or an international level, it is important to settle how values are comprehended and justified. This study investigates how university students in Turkey and Lithuania make sense of certain values. The study has a pattern of a case study. The respondent selection was made by benefiting from the studies conducted in both countries. The investigation reveals how three values (family, social justice, and freedom) were understood by university students in both countries, and how they were justified. The data were collected through one of the qualitative research methods, the semistructured interview. The respondents included 32 students from Lithuania, and 40 students from Turkey. The data were analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results of this study suggest that values can be perceived differently both in individual and social platforms, and that, depending on the part of the society they emerged from, values can be justified by various points of view rooting from religion, tradition, and culture.

scholarly journals Mastery of Cultural Capital, Social Class Segregation of High Schools and Winning at Sport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Rubio Goldsmith ◽  
Richard D. Abel
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Cultural Capital Theory ◽  
Resistance Theory ◽  
Using Data

According to cultural capital theory, middle-class families cultivate their children’s cultural capital to promote their social mobility through success in school. We advance the explanatory power of the theory by measuring cultural capital in terms of mastery rather than participation or attendance using data on more than 12 thousand schools about their success in interscholastic athletics. We find that predominantly middle-class schools win more contests and by larger margins than economically integrated and predominantly working-class schools. The margins of victory become larger as the social class differences between the opposing schools grows. We also find evidence consistent with resistance theory because predominantly working class schools also experience success, albeit relatively modest. Our findings have implications for cultural capital theory, resistance theory, and our methods for studying them. By measuring mastery of cultural capital, we identify large social class differences among participants in cultural capital and a close alignment between middle-class culture and school culture.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDO E SEU USO NA PESQUISA EDUCACIONAL: um estudo em duas escolas da Rede de Educação Profissional Científica e Tecnológica

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anselmo Paulo Pires ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora Monteiro Oliveira ◽  
Sandra Fátima Pereira Tosta
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Technological Education ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
French Researcher ◽  
Investigación Cualitativa ◽  
La Red

Aproximadamente desde os anos de 1980 a pesquisa de natureza qualitativa alcançou larga receptividade no Brasil, objetivandosuperar os limites dos estudos quantitativos, até então predominantes na investigação dos fenômenos sociais. Notadamente, nos campos das Ciências Humanas e Sociais, a opção pela pesquisa qualitativa evidencia os usos de metodologias como o estudo de caso, a história oral, a pesquisa participante, dentre outras. Sendo assim, este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar como a técnica da Análise de Conteúdo foi utilizada em um estudo realizado entre os anos de 2014 a 2017, de acordo com os pressupostos defendidos pela pesquisadora francesa Laurence Bardin. A referência é um estudo realizado com trabalhadores-alunos do ensino noturno em duas escolas da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT). Este artigo se justifica, dentre outras razões, por contribuir para prover o preenchimento de lacunas teóricas e metodológicas no aspecto das análises de dados, dada a carência de produções acadêmicas que se propõem a abordar a temática com o rigor que se faz necessário.Palavras-chave: Análise de Conteúdo. Ensino noturno. Trabalhadores-alunos.ANALYSIS OF CONTENT AND ITS USE IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH: a study in two schools of the Network of Scientific and Technological Professional EducationAbstractApproximately since the 1980s, qualitative research has reached wide acceptance in Brazil, aimingto overcome the limits of the quantitative studies, hitherto predominant in the investigation of social phenomena. Notably, in the fields of Humanand Social Sciences, the option for qualitative research evidences the uses of methodologies such as case study, oral history, participant research, among others. Thus, this article aims to describe and analyze how the Content Analysis technique was used in a study conducted between 2014 and 2017, according to the assumptions advocated by the French researcher Laurence Bardin. The reference is a study carried out with student sworking at night in two school softhe Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education (RFEPCT). This article is justified, amongotherreasons, by contributing to fill the theoretical and methodological areas in the data analys is aspect, given the lack of academic productions that propose to approach the subject with the necessary rigor.Keywords: Content Analysis. Night teaching. Worker-students.ANÁLISIS DE CONTENIDO Y SU USO EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN EDUCACIONAL: un estudio en dos escuelas de la Red de Educación Profesional Científica y TecnológicaResumenAproximadamente desde los años 1980, la investigación de naturaleza cualitativa alcanzó una gran receptividad en Brasil, com el objetivo de superar los límites de los estúdios cuantitativos, hasta entonces, predominantes em la investigación de los fenómenos sociales. En particular, en los campos de las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, la opción por la investigación cualitativa, evidencia los usos de metodologías como el estudio de caso, la historia oral, la investigación participante, entre otras. Siendo así, este artículo tiene como objetivo describir y analizar cómo la técnica del Análisis de Contenido fue utilizada en un studio realizado entre los años 2014 a 2017, de acuerdo con los presupuestos defendidos por la investigadora francesa Laurence Bardin. La referencia es un studio realizado con trabajadores-alumnos de la enseñanza nocturna en dos escuelas de la Red Federal de Educación Profesional, Científica y Tecnológica (RFEPCT). Este artículo se justifica, entre otras razones, por contribuir para proveer el llenado de lacunas teóricas y metodológicas en el aspecto de los análisis de datos, dada la carencia de producciones académicas que se proponen abordar la temática con el rigor que se hace necesario.Palabras clave: Análisis de contenido. Enseñanza nocturna. Trabajadores-estudiantes. 

Divining the Social Order: Class, Gender, and Magazine Astrology Columns

1996 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Evans
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Women Readers ◽  
The Social

This content analysis compares the astrological advice offered in magazines targeted at working- and middle-class women. Readers' social class was a far better predictor than readers' zodiac sign of the nature of astrological advice offered. Working-class horoscopes were less likely than middle-class horoscopes to advise readers to travel and spend money. Working-class horoscopes were less likely than middle-class horoscopes to predict career-related advances and positive interactions with family, friends, and lovers. Readers of both classes were commonly advised to nurture others, be patient and cooperative, and avoid confrontations rather than assert themselves, but middle-class readers were encouraged more frequently than working-class readers to expect some autonomy.

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