scholarly journals Towards Less Disastrous Result from Earthquakes in the Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Eltayeb Hassan Onsa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Seismic Zoning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Losses

During the past two decades, natural disasters have claimed millions of human lives and made more than one billion of people homeless or sick[7]. Most of these victims were from developing countries. Earthquakes are one of the natural disasters that strike with little or no warning. Experience with catastrophic earthquakes has shown that demolition and damage of building and structures, which usually have inadequate level safety, cause the human losses and injuries. This paper reviews the earthquake phenomenon. It defines the main parameters of earthquakes and earthquake engineering. The paper recommends a procedure to be followed by some of the developing countries that lies within seismic-prone regions. Special reference is made to the Sudan experience. Sudan has stepped forwards, in the last few years, towards establishment of macro seismic zoning of Sudan and adjacent area and towards the conclusion of suitable seismic design for the Sudan. The paper also recommends updated design provisions which can be adopted for Sudan and other developing countries.

On the question of setting the level of calculated impact and reliability of high-rise construction

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Zhemchugov-Gitman ◽  
Lyubov V. Mozzhukhina ◽  
Alexander M. Uzdin
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Seismic Loads ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Seismic Zoning ◽  
Reliability Factor ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Reduction Coefficient ◽  
Damage Risk

The question of setting the seismic design input on high rise buildings is considered. The existing approaches to accounting for increased responsibility of high rise buildings in Russia are described. The proposal to reduce the probability of an acceptable building failure in proportion to the number of floors and Guideline proposals to increase the reliability factor and using maps of general seismic zoning are analyzed. The main disadvantages of methods described are indicated. It is shown that the current regulatory documents in the field of earthquake engineering do not provide the same reliability of designed structures in general and high-rise buildings in particular. The influence of seismic dangers in according with seismic zoning maps on the reliability of the designed objects is noted. An approach to generating the design input based on the permissible probability of its exceeding is considered using the example of five five-storey buildings and one 25-storey buildings. The probability of the admissible damage value included in the normative calculations is estimated. An estimate of the allowable failure probability on the value of acceptable damage (risk) is proposed under the assumption of a normal distribution of damage caused by earthquake. It is shown that the allowable failure probability decreases with decreasing acceptable damage only in the area of small damages. An approach to the assignment of seismic action based on an assessment of seismic risk has been formulated. The system of design coefficients used to calculate seismic loads on high-rise buildings is analyzed. It is noted that along with an increase in the design level of seismic acceleration, it is necessary to increase the coefficient, taking into account the low damping of high-rise buildings oscillations. At the same time, it is possible to significantly reduce the reduction coefficient by regulating the strains between the building floors.

scholarly journals A Study on Estimation Equation for Damage and Recovery Costs Considering Human Losses Focused on Natural Disasters in the Republic of Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Song ◽  
Moo Park
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Heavy Snowfall ◽  
The Past ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
Extreme Wind ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Losses

In this study, we conduct an estimation study of the damage costs, recovery costs, and human losses in the case of natural disasters in the Republic of Korea. This research method analyzed human losses, damage costs, and recovery costs caused by natural disasters that swept across the Republic of Korea over the past 16 years, from 2000 to 2015, including extreme wind, heavy snowfall, typhoon, wind wave, and heavy rainfall. Damage status and trend of occurrence were reviewed for each year’s human losses, damage costs, and recovery costs. We propose a calculating equation of the linear regression equation that estimates damage costs and recovery costs considering human losses. The correlation coefficient was 0.898 for the estimation of human losses and damage costs, and 0.889 for the estimation of human losses and recovery costs. In addition, the correlation of both equations was found to be 166% of damage costs when calculating recovery costs. The results of this study can be used as descriptive statistical data to estimate damage costs and recovery costs according to human losses in case of natural disasters.

scholarly journals The earthquake of 1926 in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 02020
Author(s):  
Yenny Narny ◽  
Robert Cribb ◽  
Yudhi Andoni ◽  
Ifkar Fikri
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Disaster Studies ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Dutch Colonial

This study explores contemporary newspaper narratives on the devastation caused by the earthquake of 1926 in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra. These narratives become crucial amid the difficulty of finding historical statistical data for disaster studies that depict the chaotic situation caused by natural disasters in the past. Historical methods and methodologies were used in this study to combine fragments of information found in contemporary newspapers, especially those discussing the situation of societies and the policies of the Dutch colonial government in dealing with the earthquake of 1926 in Padang Panjang. This study hopefully opens new insights for the development of disaster disciplines and provides access to the development of the study of the history of disasters in developing countries, particularly in Indonesia.

E-Projects Challenges in India – Role of Human Resource Management and Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Ramnik Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traditional Approaches

E-governance is a paradigm shift over the traditional approaches in Public Administration which means rendering of government services and information to the public by using electronic means. In the past decades, service quality and responsiveness of the government towards the citizens were least important but with the approach of E-Government the government activities are now well dealt. This paper withdraws experiences from various studies from different countries and projects facing similar challenges which need to be consigned for the successful implementation of e-governance projects. Developing countries like India face poverty and illiteracy as a major obstacle in any form of development which makes it difficult for its government to provide e-services to its people conveniently and fast. It also suggests few suggestions to cope up with the challenges faced while implementing e-projects in India.

Overseas Development Administration. A Guide to Social Analysis for Projects in Developing Countries. London: HMSO. 1995. viii+248 pages. Hardbound. £18.95.

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Social Analysis ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overseas Development

This book, hereinafter referred to as the Guide, has been developed for those social analysts (e.g., anthropologists, sociologists, and human geographers) who have had little or no practical experience in applying their knowledge as development practitioners. In the past, development projects would be analysed from a narrow financial and economic perspective. But with the evolution of thinking on development, this narrow financial and economic aspect has now been broadened to include the impact on society as the very meaning of development has now come to symbolise social change. Thus, development is not restricted only to plans and figures; the human environment in its entirety is now considered for analysis while designing and implementing development projects.

The Competitiveness of Capital-Goods Industries in Developing Countries

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-239
Author(s):  
Barend A. De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Special Relevance

In the past two decades developing countries have invested an increasing proportion of their resources in new industries and the infrastructure needed to support them. Many of the new industries have been light, simple and con¬sumer-oriented. But a significant number of LDC's, mostly the larger or richer ones, have established heavy, more complex capital-goods industries. Both sectors of industry have been largely domestic-oriented, although there are some LDC's which have succeeded in sharply increasing their industrial exports, mostly of light and simple products. The absence of export success may, in itself, cast a doubt on the effici¬ency and competitiveness of the new industries. The question has been raised in several quarters whether, in fact, the resources spent on industrialization have been well spent or whether the LDC's could have achieved more growth—in domestic product or export earnings—by a different design of industrialization or by more emphasis on other sectors. These questions are of special relevance for the newly-established capital-goods industries, because:

Diversification propaganda work with foreign audiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4(13)) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Shiyu Zhang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

Over the past decade, bilateral relations between China and Russia have attracted the attention of the whole world. As neighbors and rapidly developing countries, China and Russia are becoming increasingly important in the international arena. The strategic partnership and interaction between China and Russia occupy a significant place in the politics of both countries. Cooperation is developing dynamically in various fields, primarily in politics. After 2012, a change of government took place in China and Russia, which brought new changes to international relations. Studying the involvement of the media in this process can clarify their impact on international relations, in particular, their role in the relationship between China and Russia.

Colchicum autumnale (Colchicaceae) w okolicach Krakowa – dawne i obecne rozmieszczenie

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zarzyka-Ryszka
Keyword(s):  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Colchicum Autumnale ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Present Distribution ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
North Eastern Part

The paper describes the past and present distribution of Colchicum autumnale in the vicinity of Cracow, highlights the role of Stanisław Dembosz (who published the first locality of C. autumnale near Igołomia in 1841). Gives information about the occurrence of C. autumnale in Krzeszowice in the 19th century (reported by Bronisław Gustawicz), presents new localities noted in 2012–2014 in meadows in the north-eastern part of the Puszcza Niepołomicka forest and adjacent area (between the Vistula and Raba rivers), and gives a locality found in Cracow in 2005 (no longer extant).

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