scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE GENUS BACILLUSBACTERIA AS AGAINST THE PHYTOPATHOGEN ALTERNARIA SP.

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
A.V. Malkova ◽  
◽  
A.N. Irkitova ◽  
D.Ye. Dudnik ◽  
Ye.N. Kargashilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Plant Protection Product ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Block Method ◽  
Agar Block ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Alternaria Blight ◽  
Alternaria Sp

Alternaria blights caused by microscopic fungi of the Al-ternariagenus are widespread diseases of crops and or-namental plants. Russian and foreign scientists take an active part in developing biological products based on an-tagonistically active microorganisms. However, the situa-tion regarding Alternaria blight is still unfavorable. The re-search goal was to study the antifungal activity of the ge-nus Bacillusstrains against the phytopathogen Alternaria sp. The agar block method was used to determine the an-tagonistic activity of 8 rhizospheric bacilli strains (B. pu-milus4, B. pumilus5, B. pumilus6, B. pumilus7, B. licheni-formis8, B. licheniformis9, B. licheniformis10, and B. pu-milus16). All investigated strains showed themselves as antagonists in relation to Alternaria. On the 14th day of the experiment, the diameter of the Alternaria sp. in the control was 85.83 ± 8.78 mm. The following values of the phyto-pathogen mycelium diameter were recorded in dishes with bacilli: B. pumilus4 -10.00 ± 0.87 mm, B. pumilus 5-12.17 ± 0.76 mm, B. pumilus 6-11.33 ± 1.26 mm, B. pu-milus7 -8.00 ± 3.00 mm, B. pumilus16 -7.67 ± 0.29 mm. Alternariasp. did not grow beyond the 5 mm diameter block with all B. licheniformisstrains. Bacteria of the B. licheniformisspecies had a more pronounced antifungal effect (100%) than the B. pumilusstrains (91.13-96.70%). B. licheniformis8, 9, 10 and B. pumilus16, 7, 4 strains are primarily recommended for inclusion in a biological plant protection product against Alternariablight

scholarly journals Biodirected Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Honey Solutions and Evaluation of Their Antifungal Activity against Pathogenic Candida Spp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7715
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Czernel ◽  
Dominika Bloch ◽  
Arkadiusz Matwijczuk ◽  
Jolanta Cieśla ◽  
Monika Kędzierska-Matysek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Honey Solution ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using aqueous honey solutions with a concentration of 2%, 10%, and 20%—AgNPs-H2, AgNPs-H10, and AgNPs-H20. The reaction was conducted at 35 °C and 70 °C. Additionally, nanoparticles obtained with the citrate method (AgNPs-C), while amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole were used as controls. The presence and physicochemical properties of AgNPs was affirmed by analyzing the sample with ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The 20% honey solution caused an inhibition of the synthesis of nanoparticles at 35 °C. The antifungal activity of the AgNPs was evaluated using opportunistic human fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. The antifungal effect was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disc diffusion assay. The highest activity in the MIC tests was observed in the AgNPs-H2 variant. AgNPs-H10 and AgNPs-H20 showed no activity or even stimulated fungal growth. The results of the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion susceptibility test for C. parapsilosis strains indicated stronger antifungal activity of AgNPs-H than fluconazole. The study demonstrated that the antifungal activity of AgNPs is closely related to the concentration of honey used for the synthesis thereof.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Markowska-Szczupak ◽  
Krzysztof Ulfig ◽  
Barbara Grzmil ◽  
Antoni Morawski
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Photocatalytic Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Growth Of Fungi

A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light The antifungal activity of four commercial photocatalytic paints (KEIM Ecosil ME, Titanium FA, Photo Silicate and Silicate D) in natural indoor light was investigated. The paints contained TiO2 in rutile and anatase crystalline forms as evidenced by means of the X-ray diffraction analysis. In most cases the paints inhibited growth of fungi viz. Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Coonemeria crustacea, Eurotium herbariorum, and Dactylomyces sp. The KEIM Ecosil ME paint displayed the highest antifungal effect in the light, which could be explained with the highest anatase content. The paint antifungal activity and the fungal sensitivity to the TiO2-mediated photocatalytic reaction both decreased in the following orders: KEIM Ecosil ME > Titanium FA > Photo Silicate > Silicate D and T. viride > Dactylomyces sp. > A. niger > E. herbariorum.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of components used for decontamination of dental prostheses on the growth of Candida albicans

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia Lima Gouveia ◽  
Isabelle Cristine Melo Freire ◽  
Maria Luísa de Alencar e Silva Leite ◽  
Rebeca Dantas Alves Figueiredo ◽  
Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The effectiveness of antimicrobial solutions employed in dental prosthesis decontamination is still uncertain. Aim: To evaluate the antifungal activity of cleaners used in the decontamination of dental prostheses on the growth of Candida albicans. Material and method: The evaluated products were: Corega Tabs(r) (S1), Sodium Hypochlorite 1% (S2), Sodium Bicarbonate 1% (S3), Hydrogen Peroxide 1% (S4), Chlorhexidine Digluconate 0.12% - Periogard (r) (S5), Mouthrinse based on essential oils - Listerine(r) (S6), essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) at concentrations of 1% (S7) and 2% (S8). The antifungal activity of the products was evaluated by agar diffusion technique and the determination of microbial death curve of samples of C. albicans (ATCC 90028) in concentration 1.5 × 106 CFU/mL. The tests were performed in triplicate and statistical analysis was made by ANOVA Two-Way and Tukey tests, with the confidence level of 95%. Result: The average of the zones of inhibition growth, in millimeters, obtained for the products were: 0.0 (S1), 44.7 (S2), 0.0 (S3), 21.6 (S4), 10.0 (S5), 6.1 (S6), 0.0 (S7) and 2.4 (S8). Considering the determination of microbial death curve, all products showed a statistical difference (p<0.01) from control (0.85% sodium chloride) and S3 groups. Fungal growth less than 2×104 CFU/mL and an accentuation of the microbial death curve were observed after 30 minutes, with exception for S3 and control groups. Conclusion: The studied compounds, with the exception of Sodium Bicarbonate, have antifungal effect against C. albicans, which contribute for dental prostheses hygiene.

scholarly journals Dynamics of λ-cyhalothrin disappearance and expression of selected P450 genes in bees depending on the ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1251-1258
Author(s):  
Bartosz Piechowicz ◽  
Marika Kobielska ◽  
Anna Koziorowska ◽  
Magdalena Podbielska ◽  
Ewa Szpyrka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Product ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Genes ◽  
Qpcr Method ◽  
Different Temperatures

Abstract Temperature has a significant influence on the action of pyrethroids, and their effect increases with decreasing ambient temperature. Using gas chromatography, we assessed the degradation rate of λ-cyhalothrin, active ingredients (AI) of Karate Zeon 050 CS from pyrethroid group, in bees incubated for 48 h under different temperature conditions. With RT-qPCR method, we studied expression levels of selected cytochrome P450 genes after exposure to the plant protection product (PPP). The half-life of λ-cyhalothrin decreased from 43.32 to 17.33 h in the temperature range of 21–31°C. In animals incubated at 16°C, the AI half-life was even shorter and amounted to 10.19 h. The increase in temperature increased the expression of Cyp9Q1, Cyp9Q2, and Cyp9Q3 in the group of control bees. We showed a two-fold statistically significant increase in gene expression after treatment with PPP bees. The obtained results indicate that honey bees are characterized by susceptibility to pyrethroids that vary depending on the ambient temperature. This may be due to the different expressions of genes responsible for the detoxification of these PPPs at different temperatures.

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACT OF Cannabis sativa AGAINST Aspergillus flavipes

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-453
Author(s):  
Iqra Haider Khan ◽  
Arshad Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Aspergillus Flavipes ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Cannabis sativa L. is a medicinally important weed of family Cannabaceae generally grows along road-sides and waste-lends in Punjab, Pakistan. In the present study, antifungal effect of leaf extract of this weed was assessed against Aspergillus flavipes. Methanolic leaf extract of the weed was partitioned into five fractions using organic solvents of variable polarities. A range of concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) of each fraction was used in laboratory bioassays. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity followed by chloroform and n-hexane fractions causing 68–82%, 52–82% and 42–82% decrease in biomass of A. flavipes. Ethyl acetate showed a moderate antifungal potential while aqueous fraction showed the least antifungal activity causing 47–76% and 38–73% reduction in fungal biomass, respectively. This study concludes that n-butanol fraction of leaf extract of C. sativa is highly effective in controlling growth of A. flavipes.

scholarly journals Protective activity of the fungal polysaccharides against fusariosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Šrobárová ◽  
G. Kogan ◽  
L. Tamas ◽  
E. Machová
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fungal Polysaccharides ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan

Most of the experiments carried out in the area of plant protection have used chitin and chitosan obtained from the crustacean chitin which production is rather expensive. In our study we have applied the chitin-glucan complex prepared from the waste mycelia of filamentous fungi, from baker’s yeast. Five different polysaccharides have been used for the preparation of water-soluble compounds and the assay of their antifungal activity against plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. In the field experiments, application of the polysaccharides led to the diminished infestation as well as to significantly increased productivity of fresh weight of the plants (tomato). The results demonstrated that application of the polysaccharides led to increased production of cell wall and some outher and intermembrane-bound proteins. Although the nature of the observed proteins has not been yet established, it can be speculated that they represent some enzymes involved in the antiinfective defense mechanisms in plants.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Dermatophytes to Thiabendazole Using CLSI Broth Macrodilution

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrén Robledo-Leal ◽  
Mariana Elizondo-Zertuche ◽  
Gloria M. González
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Strong Inhibitor ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Broth Macrodilution

Objective. To evaluate in vitro antifungal activity of thiabendazole against strains of dermatophytes using a reference method for filamentous fungi. Materials and Methods. Dermatophytes’ susceptibility to thiabendazole (TBZ) and fluconazole (FCZ) was evaluated using macrodilution method of protocol M38-A2 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results. MIC ranges of TBZ for all strains were narrower and/or smaller than those of FCZ. TBZ showed a significantly greater potency than FCZ () against all isolates. Discussion. Although there have been approaches to evaluate the antifungal activity of TBZ in human mycoses, no tests had been made with a standardized protocol. Susceptibility data resulted from this study shows that although TBZ is not a particularly strong inhibitor of dermatophytes, it displays a stable and constant effect against all isolates tested. Conclusion. Results show that TBZ is more effective against strains of dermatophytes than FCZ. We acknowledge the antifungal effect of TBZ against dermatophyte isolates.

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