Musculoskeletal Pain and its Associated risk factors in school teachers of Lahore

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1954-1957
Author(s):  
Fariha Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Iqbal ◽  
Sawera Sonam ◽  
Zarmeen Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Pain Affect ◽  
The Hours ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Aim: To find out the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain and its associated risk factors in schoolteachers of Lahore. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and duration of Study: The study was done in different public and private schools of Lahore from December 2020 to May 2021. Methodology: In this observational study, 921 schoolteachers, fulfilling the eligibility criteria, from different school participated. The data was collected by using a self-administered Performa. Results: In the survey 921 participants participated among which 686(74.8%) were males and 232(25.2%) were females. Out of 921 participants, a high percentage 652(70.8%) had Musculoskeletal pain while 269(29.2%) reported no pain in any region. The frequency of pain in neck, upper extremity, low back and lower extremity in l was 157(17%), 258(28%), 153(16.6%) and 84(9.1%) in multiple sites of body. The frequency of participants with mild, moderate, severe and worst pain was 198(21.5%), 324(35.3%), 110(11.9%) and 20(2.2%) respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that the Musculoskeletal pain affect schoolteachers and it is highly associated with history of trauma, the hours of standing and the back support while sitting while less association of overhead activities such as writing on board. Keywords: Musculoskeletal pain, schoolteachers, electronic devices, risk factors, MSK pain

scholarly journals Study on Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension at Sipaghat of Sindhupalchowk District, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Naresh Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Hypertension is a progressive cardiovascular syndrome arising from complex and interrelated etiologies. Males have slightly higher prevalence than female in most of countries of Southeast-Asian region.Objective: The objective of study is to find out prevalence and the risk factors of hypertension at Sipaghat, Sindhulchowk, Nepal.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sipaghat of Sindhupalchowk district in May 2016 and 260 persons were selected randomly. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was higher in male (25.4%) than female (17.4%). Mean age of study population was 42.08 years with standard deviation, 15.95 years. Variables namely age group, smoking, alcohol consumption and family history of hypertension were found to be significant at 5 percent level of significance. Alcohol consumption and smokers have more than two times higher chance of getting hypertension compared to alcohol non-consumer and nonsmoker with 95% confidence intervals were 1.08-4.80 and 1.21-6.10, respectively. Persons with family history of hypertension have 3.8 times more chance of getting hypertension compared to no family history of hypertension with 1.89-7.61 of 95% confidence interval.Conclusion: Lifestyle modification reduces blood pressure which prevents or delays the incidence of hypertension. Hypertension can be controlled and prevented by modifying the lifestyle. People should be advised to avoid modifiable risk factors of hypertension like smoking, consumption of alcohol and physical inactivity through health education programs.Nepalese Journal of Statistics, 2017, Vol. 1, 73-82

Prevalence of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents in a Private University in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
NC Ogu ◽  
AE Ladele ◽  
DO Afolabi ◽  
JO Sotunsa ◽  
FI Ani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Classi Cation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objectives: High blood pressure among adolescents is not as researched as it is among adults, notwithstanding that hypertension in adults is being tracked back to childhood. This study identied the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents, the age related pattern of prevalence and associated risk factors. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among university students who presented for preadmission medical examination. Blood pressuremeasurement was conducted and cut off reading was based on JNC VII classication for hypertension.  Results: A total of 952 students had complete data. Participants were aged 14 – 19 years with a mean age of 16.6 ± 1.03 years. Prevalence of hypertensionamong the adolescents was 6.4%. High blood pressure (HBP) distribution was as follows; systolic HBP (54%), diastolic HBP (31.15%) and combinedsystolic and diastolic HBP (14.75%). The risk factors significantly associated with HBP were male gender, obesity, overweight, alcohol, smoking and high blood sugar (p values 0.001, 0.039, 0.001, 0.016, and 0.001 respectively). However family history of hypertension was not significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.053). The majority of the adolescents with hypertension were unaware of the morbidity. Conclusion: Hypertension is identifiable in adolescents  and it appears to increase with age. Notable risk factors for hypertension in adults are also associatedwith hypertension among adolescents. Regular screening will improve awareness and help mitigate the complications of this condition.

scholarly journals Prevalence, demographic characteristics and associated risk factors of malnutrition among 0-5 aged children: a cross-sectional study from Van, eastern Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baran Serdar Kizilyildiz ◽  
Bülent Sönmez ◽  
Kamuran Karaman ◽  
Burhan Beger ◽  
Adnan Mercen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Monthly Family Income ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Demographic Features

Malnutrition in childhood is a dramatic indicator of poor socio-economical status worldwide. To recognize and reveal the socio-demographic features is crucial, especially for developing countries. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence and association with sociodemographic variables of malnutrition in 0-5 years old children in Van, Turkey. A total of 702 children are included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic features of subject including age, gender, family characteristics and other data were obtained. Nutritional assessment was done using anthropometric indices including weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height, head circumference and body mass index-for-age. Multivariate logistic regressions were carried out to assess malnutrition- associated factors. Prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were 19.7, 17.7 and 16.2%, respectively. Socio-demographic variables that statistical significantly in association with malnutrition were low monthly family income, educational level and employment status of father, parental consanguinity, number of pregnancies, regular intake of vitamin D and history of prematurity. The prevalence of children with head circumference-z score ≤−2SD and body mass index-for-age ≤−2SD were 9.8 and 16.3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis detected following risk factors for these indices; low monthly family income, history of prematurity, unemployed father and the period between pregnancies (1- 2 years). We found that prevalence of malnutrition in the city of Van, was still higher than more developed regions of Turkey. The associated risk factors of malnutrition should be specifically interpreted by health professionals and also by government authorities that are responsible for making practical politics of public health.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine clinical mastitis in Patiya upazila under Chittagong district of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Bari ◽  
M Alam ◽  
M Uddin ◽  
MK Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
General Physical

A cross sectional study was conducted to measure the prevalence; and identification of risk factors associated with clinical mastitis in dairy cows at Patiya upazila under Chittagong district of Bangladesh from 20th July to 31st December, 2013. A total of 160 farms and households were selected and 634 cows were clinically examined for determining the prevalence of mastitis and identification of risk factors. The overall prevalence of clinical mastitis was found 8.36%. Mastitis prevalence in crossbred cows was significantly (P<0.05) higher (10.09%) than indigenous cows (4.26%). The prevalence of mastitis was also significantly higher (P<0.05) with advancing age (12.5%) and in 3rd lactation period (13.62%). The cows were more prone to mastitis during 1st month of lactation (17.53%). There was a significant relationship (P<0.05) between prevalence of clinical mastitis and associated risk factors like general physical condition, herd size, frequency of dung removal, floor drainage quality and condition of floor. There was higher (P<0.01) prevalence (33.67%) of mastitis in cows having history of peri-parturient disease compared to those not having such history. Therefore, it can be concluded that minimization of risk factors of mastitis is very much necessary to control mastitis as well as to increase profitability of dairy farms.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2014), 4(1) 5-9

scholarly journals Hypertension and Pre-Hypertension with Associated Risk Factors Among MBBS Students of Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-482
Author(s):  
Rana Hanan ◽  
Muhammad Waqar Shafi ◽  
Sumair Anwar ◽  
Numrah Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Hypertension is a multifactorial chronic disease and a silent cause of high causalities around the globe. Both hyper and pre-hypertension affect all ages and professions, and are as common as flu infections by affecting 1 in every 5 persons. In order to determine frequency of hypertension and pre-hypertensionamong medical students and their association with various variable and fixed risk factors, this study was designed. The cross sectional study of 4 months was carried out on the students of Shalamar Medical and Dental College. Students were aged from 18-25 years and a sample of 100 students was enrolled by stratified random sampling after written consent. We recorded blood pressure at three different time points, one minute apart in sitting position after ten minutes of rest. The average of three measurements was considered as final reading. Data regarding related variables was entered and analysed using SPSS version 21. Out of 100 (43 males and 57 females), three students were hypertensive, 55 pre-hypertensive and 42 normotensive; among pre-hypertensive female students were more in number as compared to male students. Mean age was 21.6 years with increased frequency of pre hypertensive and hypertensive individuals in the first, second and final year class. A total of 64% pre-obese subjects were pre-hypertensive or hypertensive and 75% obese were also pre hypertensive or hypertensive. Frequency of intake of fast/junk food was higher among pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individual than normotensive and same among both genders. Median value of average sleep (hours) among pre-hypertensive subjects was lesser than of hypertensive subjects. Students expressed their concerns related to college timings and hectic routine and increased frequency of teaching sessions including assessments. Frequency of pre-hypertension was higher in the students especially in the first, second and final years of graduation (MBBS). Pre-hypertensive and hypertensive students were pre-obese or obese and had positive family history of hypertension, consumed fast/junk food in both genders. College timing and intensive routines were primary cause of irritation and aggression, which may result in hypertension.

scholarly journals Rising prevalence of HIV infection and associated risk factors among young Thai Men in 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Eleazar dC. Jose ◽  
Boonsub Sakboonyarat ◽  
Mathirut Mungthin ◽  
Kenrad E. Nelson ◽  
Ram Rangsin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

AbstractThe prevalence of HIV among young Thai men stabilized at 0.5% from 2005 to 2011. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the male army conscripts in 2018 at 36 military training units nationwide. All new conscripts in each selected unit were invited to participate in the study. Questionnaires were used to determine risk factors to HIV infection that had been developed from related risk factors studies among young Thai men. Among 4629 participants, 44 (1.0%) HIV positive individuals were identified. The proportion subject reporting a history of sex with another man was 10.1%. The prevalence of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) was 4.0%. The proportion of consistent condom use with a male partner was 39.7%. The risk factors of HIV infection included having sex with another man, history of sexually transmitted infection and history of sex in exchange for gifts/money. Only 1.4% of MSM used pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). HIV prevention programs including PrEP in Thailand should be emphasized among MSM in both rural and urban settings.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine Brucellosis in District Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1744
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rashid Khan ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Salman Khalid ◽  
Mansur Ud Din Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Avais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Bovine brucellosis is a contagious zoonotic disease that causes economic losses through abortion and infertility. A cross-sectional study was designed to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in district Gujranwala of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 220 bovine sera (112 from buffaloes, 108 from cattle) from 46 unvaccinated herds were collected. Parallel testing by the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Indirect Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (I-ELISA) showed a 58.7% (27/46) herd-level and 22.7% (50/220) animal-level seroprevalence. Seroprevalence was higher (p < 0.001, OR = 7.62) in adult animals (37.2%) compared to younger animals (4.9%). A herd size of >10 animals (p = 0.021, OR = 7.83), less housing space (p = 0.037, OR = 6.39) and history of abortion at the farm (p = 0.023, OR = 5.6) were found as risk factors associated with the seropositivity of brucellosis. There was a substantial agreement between the RBPT and I-ELISA results (Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ) = 64.16, percent agreement = 89.5%). In conclusion, a relatively higher seroprevalence was found compared to the previous reports from the country. Standardization and validation of the advanced diagnostic tests would be needed. Biosecurity, personal protection, quarantine measures and routine screening of animals at the farm level and disease awareness programs and consumption of pasteurized milk in the human population will be helpful in preventing the transmission/zoonosis of the disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated risk factors of HIV in prisons in Balochistan, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1821
Author(s):  
Muhammad Dawood Khan ◽  
Ahmad Wali ◽  
Razia Fatima ◽  
Aashifa Yaqoob ◽  
Shoaib Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: The prevalence of HIV is 0.1% in Pakistan, with epidemicity in high-risk groups. The infection is on verge of transmission from key populations to the general population through people who inject drugs and sexual transmission. Prisoners are vulnerable to infectious diseases like HIV. This study was conducted in four prisons in Balochistan, Pakistan to determine the prevalence of HIV and associated risk factors. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from March to June 2018, in the prisons of Balochistan. WHO-approved rapid diagnostic kits were used for determining the prevalence of HIV and structured interviews were conducted for the assessment of risk factors. Results: Out of 2084 screened prisoners, 33 (1.6%) were found to be positive. A subset of 104 interviews was analyzed for risk factors of HIV. Among HIV-infected prisoners 68.8% (OR 4.48; 95% CI 1.41-14.2) had extramarital sex, 43.8% (OR 2.09 95% CI 0.69-6.28) had a homosexual experience, and 50% had a history of needle sharing (OR 43; 95% CI 7.77-237). About 94% (OR 16.42; 95% CI 2.09-129.81) of prisoners had a history of drug addiction of any type while 50% (OR 13; 95% CI 2.82-60.01) of HIV-infected had a history of using injectable drugs. Around 75% of HIV-infected prisoners had spent 1-5 years in prison, and 25% had spent more than 10 years. Conclusion: The high prevalence of HIV in prisons of Balochistan demands that preventive and treatment strategies should be designed and implemented carefully, allowing early diagnosis and treatment initiation to minimize the spread of infection among the prisons and ultimately their onward transmission into the community.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on socio-demographic profile and associated risk factors of chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital of Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
S. Suneeti Kanyari ◽  
Sangram Panda ◽  
Peethala Shruthi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global problem, and its prevalence is increasing dramatically. In chronic kidney disease (CKD) there is progressive loss in kidney function over a period of time. The objectives of this study were to study the socio-demographic characteristics and associated risk factors in CKD patients so as to suggest preventive measures for CKD and its long term health consequences.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at MIMS Medical College, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh among 194 confirmed CKD patients. A pre-tested, pre-designed questionnaire was used for collecting data on socio-demographic characteristics like age, education, occupation, residence, income etc. After completion of the questionnaire, the patients were subjected to anthropometric measurements, abdominal ultrasonography and their laboratory reports were assessed.Results: Out of 194 CKD patients, 148 were males and 46 were females. Hypertension and diabetes were present in 74.2% and 41.2% cases respectively and both of these risk factors were found to be significantly associated with CKD. Family history of diabetes/hypertension/CKD were present in 40.2% of cases and the association was found to be significant.Conclusions: Early screening and intervention is necessary for prevention of risk factors of CKD. All patients with hypertension, diabetes, family history of CKD/hypertension/diabetes, history of chronic NSAID use should be periodically screened for CKD for its early detection and effective management. 

scholarly journals Blood pressure, heart diseases and lifestyles of elderly

Rev Rene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Cristina Araújo Morais ◽  
Rafaella Pessoa Moreira ◽  
Paula Alves de Lima ◽  
Maria das Graças Fernandes Silva ◽  
Jerry Deyvid Freires Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Altered Blood ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objectives: to investigate the blood pressure values; to identify the history of cardiovascular diseases and lifestyles of elderly at a social assistance reference center. Methods: cross-sectional study, conducted with fifty elderly. A form with questions regarding social data, history of diseases and lifestyles was applied. In sequence, the blood pressure was checked. Results: it was observed that 73.3% of the elderly had pressure alterations. Systolic alterations were identified in 73.3%, and diastolic, in 10% of the elderly. The most frequently referred cardiovascular diseases were hypertension (70%), diabetes mellitus(38%) and dyslipidemia (32%). The most common risk factors were current or past use of tobacco whether active (68%) or passive (26%), and physical inactivity (48%). Conclusion: people with altered blood pressure and associated risk factors were identified. This situation may contribute to directing nursing care and addressing the real needs of elderly population. 

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