Influence of Drought Stress Treatment on Saponarin Content during the Growing Period of Barley Sprouts

Dehydrin (DHN) is known to play an important role in plant response and adaptation to abiotic stresses (drought, high salinity, cold, heat, etc.). Previous research reported the increased expression of DHN in sugarcane stems exposed to drought stress for 15 days which may be controlled by its corresponding stress inducible promoter. The DHN promoter was succesfully isolated from sugarcane variety PSJT 941 (Pr-1DHNSo) and was cloned to pBI121 expression vector fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. The aim of this research was the functional testing of the Pr-1DHNSo promoter through transformation into tobacco plant treated with in vitro drought stress. Genetic transformation of Pr-1DHNSo construct was conducted by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The transformed tobacco was then subjected to drought stress treatment using 40% PEG 6000 for five sequential incubations (0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours). The GUS assay reveal that the transformed tobacco treated with drought stress showed a blue color denoting GUS activity in leaf, stem and root tissues and this expression increased along with the length of the drought treatment. The analysis of gusA gene using real time-qPCR normalized to the L25 reference gene also showed that the expression increased in line with the length of time of drought stress. The results presented in this study indicated that the Pr-1DHNSo promoter from sugarcane was expressed and induced by drought stress treatment in tobacco.

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Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological Properties of Gazania rigens L.

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.217 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 217-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yang Qing Wu ◽

Xiao Yu Guo ◽

Xiao Hui Zhou ◽

Xiao Ping Lu

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Resistance ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Physiological Properties ◽

Physiological Indexes ◽

Mda Content ◽

Relative Conductivity ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

Physiological Indicator

Under artificial drought environment, membrane permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and free proline (Pro) content of three cultivars of gazania were studied as well as the relation between the three physiological indexes and drought resistance. The results showed that: there existed significant positive correlation between relative conductivity and drought resistance in ‘Hongwen’; while ‘Xingbai’ and ‘XH’ showed the reverse result. The correlation between Pro content and drought stress treatment days in the three cultivars were significant positive. However, the correlation between MDA content and drought stress treatment days in the three cultivars were not the same. Therefore, Pro content can be chose as a physiological indicator to evaluate drought resistance in gazania.

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Use of Antitranspirants to Reduce Water Stress on Herbaceous and Woody Ornamentals

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898.30.3.137 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 137-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bruce L. Dunn ◽

Janet C. Cole ◽

Mark E. Payton

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Root Zone ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Plant Quality ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Woody Ornamentals ◽

Ornamental Species ◽

Better Than

Experiments were conducted to evaluate potential means for reducing moisture stress in nine herbaceous and woody ornamental species. In Expt. 1 (2009), a water only control treatment and the antitranspirant Stasis™ at two different rates were applied as a drench application before inducing drought stress in the greenhouse by withholding water for two weeks. No significant differences in visual ratings in relation to plant quality were detected among treatments 5 days after application for any species. At 10 days after treatment, visual ratings were better for Veronica at the lower Stasis™ rate, Hibiscus at the low and higher Stasis™ rate, and Weigela at lower and higher Stasis™ rate compared to no Stasis™. At 15 days after treatment, visual ratings were worse for Coreopsis, Rudbeckia, and Salvia at both low and high Stasis™ rates; but, were better for Hibiscus and Weigela at the lower and higher Stasis™ rates compared to the no Stasis™ treatment. In Expt. 2 (2010), the antitranspirants Stasis™ and Root-Zone were evaluated along with a no antitranspirant and well-watered control treatments at single rates. No significant differences in visual ratings existed among treatments five days after application for any species. At 10 days after treatment, visual ratings were higher for Coreopsis, Forsythia, Nandina, and Weigela with Stasis™ or Root-Zone compared to no antitranspirant application. Visual ratings for Rudbeckia and Salvia with Stasis™, and Euonymus with Root-Zone were also better than the stress treatment at 10 days after treatment. At 15 days after treatment, visual ratings were higher for Coreopsis and Salvia with Stasis™ compared to the stress treatment. Rudbeckia, Euonymus, and Weigela with Stasis™ or Root-Zone and Nandina with Root-Zone all had better visual ratings than the stress treatment. Evapotranspiration was not reduced for any Stasis™ or Root-Zone treatment for any species in either experiment compared to control stress treatments.

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Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi padi beras merah (Oryza nivara) terhadap cekaman kekeringan pada fase pertumbuhan berbeda dan pemupukan nanosilika

Journal of Agro Complex ◽

10.14710/joac.2.2.169-179 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Rita Sugiarto ◽

Budi Adi Kristanto ◽

Dwi Retno Lukiwati

Keyword(s):

Plant Physiology ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Red Rice ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Stress Control ◽

Oryza Nivara ◽

Range Test

The purpose of this research was to analyze the response of growth and production of red rice (Oryza nivara) under drought and nanosilica fertilization condition. This research was conducted in Greenhouse and Laboratory of and Plant Physiology and Breeding of at Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang from April to July 2017. The research was arranged using completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was drought stress (control, drought 20-35 DAP (Days After Planting), 40-55 DAP and 55-70 DAP). The second factor was the use of nanosilika fertilizers (without nanosilika, with nanosilica). The data were analyzed by anova and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the drought stress during tiller production stage decreased the total number of tillers, productive tillers and grain weight per clump, but not in weight of one thousand seeds. Drought stress during flowering stage and seed filling only decreases the weight of one thousand seeds. Application of nanosilica increases the number of productive tillers and the weight of grain per hill. There was no interaction between drought stress treatment and nanosilika fertilization. Keywords: red rice, production, drought, nanosilica.

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Effect of Drought Stress on Growth and Ginsenoside Content of American Ginseng

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1116a ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1116A-1116

Author(s):

Jin Wook Lee ◽

Kenneth W. Mudge ◽

Joseph Lardner

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Secondary Compounds ◽

American Ginseng ◽

Panax Quinquefolium ◽

Fibrous Root ◽

Storage Roots ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Dry Down ◽

Stress Metabolites ◽

Pharmacologically Active

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) contains pharmacologically active secondary compounds known as ginsenosides, which have been shown to be affected by both genetic and environmental factors. In this greenhouse experiment, we tested the hypothesis that ginsenosides would behave as “stress metabolites” and be associated with osmoregulation in response to drought stress. Two year-old seedlings, grown in 5-inch pots, were well watered for 40 days prior to the initiation of treatments. Plants in the drought stress treatment were watered every 20 days while the controls were watered every 10 days, and the experiment was terminated after 4 and 8 dry down cycles (80 days), respectively. Predawn leaf water potential and relative water content (RWC) of drought-stressed plants during a typical dry down cycle were lower than control plants. The diameter and weight of primary storage roots were decreased in the stressed treatment. The length of the main storage root and the longest secondary (fibrous) root were significantly increased by the drought stress treatment. Leaf chlorophyll content of drought-stressed plants was lower than controls. The osmotic potential of the drought-stressed ginseng was not lower than the control, indicating that ginsenoside is not involved in osmoregulation in response to drought stress. Furthermore, ginsenosides Rb1 and Rd, and total ginsenosides were significantly lower in primary roots of drought-stressed plants compared to control plants.

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Metabolomics Response to Drought Stress in Morus alba L. Variety Yu-711

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10081636 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1636

Author(s):

Michael Ackah ◽

Yisu Shi ◽

Mengmeng Wu ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Peng Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Physiological Condition ◽

Total Lipids ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

And Control ◽

Fatty Acyls ◽

Mulberry Plant ◽

Metabolomic Approach

Mulberry is an economically significant crop for the sericulture industry worldwide. Stresses such as drought exposure have a significant influence on plant survival. Because metabolome directly reflects plant physiological condition, performing a global metabolomic analysis is one technique to examine this influence. Using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique based on an untargeted metabolomic approach, the effect of drought stress on mulberry Yu-711 metabolic balance was examined. For this objective, Yu-711 leaves were subjected to two weeks of drought stress treatment and control without drought stress. Numerous differentially accumulated metabolic components in response to drought stress treatment were revealed by multivariate and univariate statistical analysis. Drought stress treatment (EG) revealed a more differentiated metabolite response than the control (CK). We found that the levels of total lipids, galactolipids, and phospholipids (PC, PA, PE) were significantly altered, producing 48% of the total differentially expressed metabolites. Fatty acyls components were the most abundant lipids expressed and decreased considerably by 73.6%. On the other hand, the prenol lipids class of lipids increased in drought leaves. Other classes of metabolites, including polyphenols (flavonoids and cinnamic acid), organic acid (amino acids), carbohydrates, benzenoids, and organoheterocyclic, had a dynamic trend in response to the drought stress. However, their levels under drought stress decreased significantly compared to the control. These findings give an overview for the understanding of global plant metabolic changes in defense mechanisms by revealing the mulberry plant metabolic profile through differentially accumulated compounds.

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Effects of individual and combined heat and drought stress during seed filling on the oxidative metabolism and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genotypes differing in heat and drought tolerance

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp17028 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (9) ◽

pp. 823 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Rashmi Awasthi ◽

Pooran Gaur ◽

Neil C. Turner ◽

Vincent Vadez ◽

Kadambot H. M. Siddique ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Oxidative Metabolism ◽

Combined Stress ◽

Seed Filling ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

The Individual ◽

Drought And Heat Stress

Drought and heat stress are two major constraints that limit chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) yield, particularly during seed filling. The present study aimed (i) to assess the individual and combined effects of drought and heat stress on oxidative metabolism during seed filling, and (ii) to determine any genetic variation in oxidative metabolism among genotypes differing in drought and heat tolerance and sensitivity. The plants were raised in outdoor conditions with two different times of sowing, one in November (normal-sown, temperatures <32°C−20°C (day–night) during seed filling), and the other in February (late-sown, temperatures >32°C−20°C (day–night) during seed filling). Plants were regularly irrigated to prevent any water shortage until the water treatments were applied. At both sowing times, the drought treatment was applied during seed filling (at ~75% podding) by withholding water from half of the pots until the relative leaf water content (RLWC) of leaves on the top three branches reached 42–45%, whereas leaves in the fully irrigated control plants were maintained at RLWC 85–90%. Drought-stressed plants were then rewatered and maintained under fully irrigated conditions until maturity. Several biochemical parameters were measured on the leaves and seeds at the end of the stress treatments, and seed yield and aboveground biomass were measured at maturity. Individual and combined stresses damaged membranes, and decreased PSII function and leaf chlorophyll content, more so under the combined stress treatment. The levels of oxidative molecules (malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2) markedly increased compared with the control plants in all stress treatments, especially across genotypes in the combined heat + drought stress treatment (increases in leaves: MDA 5.4–8.4-fold and H2O2 5.1–7.1-fold; in seeds: MDA 1.9–3.3-fold and H2O2 3.8–7.9-fold). The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants related to oxidative metabolism increased under individual stress treatments but decreased in the combined heat + drought stress treatment. Leaves had higher oxidative damage than seeds, and this likely inhibited their photosynthetic efficiency. Yields were reduced more by drought stress than by heat stress, with the lowest yields in the combined heat + drought stress treatment. Heat- and drought-tolerant genotypes suffered less damage and had higher yields than the heat- and drought-sensitive genotypes under the individual and combined stress treatments, suggesting partial cross-tolerance in these genotypes. A drought-tolerant genotype ICC8950 produced more seed yield under the combined heat + drought stress than other genotypes, and this was associated with low oxidative damage in leaves and seeds.

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Study on Seed Protein and Protein Profile Pattern of Chickpea (Cice arietinum L.) by SDS-PAGE under Drought Stress and Fertilization

International Journal of Life Sciences ◽

10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12704 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 87-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vahid Ashrafi ◽

Hoorieh Pourbozorg ◽

Nasroallah Moradi Kor ◽

Abasalt Rostami Ajirloo ◽

Morteza Shamsizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Seed Protein ◽

Storage Proteins ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Seed Storage Proteins ◽

Protein Yield ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Sds Page ◽

Effects Of Drought

A field experiment was performed in order to evaluate the effects of drought stress and application of starter nitrogen fertilizer on seed storage proteins and protein pattern in chickpea cultivars. Experiment was performed in split-factorial using randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment was laid out in a split-factorial design with drought stress in main plots and cultivar with nitrogen fertilizer in subplots with three replications. The experimental treatments consisted of three levels of drought stress [severe drought stress (S2), moderate drought stress (S1) and no drought stress(S0)] and two cultivars of chickpea consist of Azad and Bivanij and 2 N levels. Plants were either not given any N fertilizer (N0), or fertilized by N fertilizer at the rate of 25 kg ha-1 (N25). The results of this study showed that the effects of drought stress on seed storage proteins and protein yield, effect of cultivars on protein yield were significant. With increase of drought stress seed storage proteins was increased and protein yield decreased. Severe drought stress treatment has the highest seed protein and the control treatment has the lowest seed protein. Non stress treatment has the highest protein yield and the severe drought stress treatment has the lowest protein yield. The SDS- PAGE results revealed that no effects treatments on the protein banding patterns but the related severe drought stress bands were chromatic, because they have highest protein concentration in some protein bands.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12704

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Effect of Heat and Drought Stress on Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor). II. Grain Yield

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700020421 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 77-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

P. Q. Craufurd ◽

J. M. Peacock

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Evaporation Rate ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Early Stress ◽

Thermal Growth ◽

Early Late

SummaryThree early and four later flowering lines of sorghum were subjected to three drought stress treatments (early, late and early plus late stress) in the field during the dry season at Hyderabad in India. Mean diurnal temperature and evaporation rate were uniformly high throughout the experiment. The late and early plus late stress conditions were severe, while the early stress was mild.Grain yield was affected by both the timing and the severity of the stress. The largest reduction (87%) in grain yield resulted from stress imposed during booting and flowering (late stress) in the early flowering lines; the same stress treatment on vegetative plants had no effect on grain yield. Increasing the duration of severe stress on vegetative plants (early plus late stress) reduced grain yield by 50–60%.Grain yield was strongly and positively correlated with the number of grains m-2. Variation in grain yield was associated with variation in total dry matter rather than with harvest index, which was only reduced when stress occurred at flowering. Treatment effects on thermal growth rates (g m-2 °Cd-1) during the phase from booting to flowering confirmed that growth during this phase is the major determinant of yield potential (number of grains). The importance of phonology in research into drought resistance is discussed.

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Effect of different soil water potential on leaf transpiration and on stomatal conductance in poinsettia

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2002.040 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 27-36

Author(s):

Jacek S. Nowak

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Water Potential ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Potential ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Growing Period ◽

High Soil Moisture ◽

Cultivation Period ◽

Leaf Transpiration

<i>Euphorbia pulcherrima</i> Wild.'Lilo' was grown in containers in 60% peat, 30% perlite and 10% clay (v/v) mixture, with different irrigation treatments based on soil water potential. Plants were watered at two levels of drought stress: -50kPa or wilting. The treatments were applied at different stages of plant development for a month or soil was brought to the moisture stress only twice. Additionally, some plants were watered at -50 kPa during the entire cultivation period while the control plants were watered at -5kPa. Plants were also kept at maximum possible moisture level (watering at -0,5kPa) or close to it (-1.OkPa) through the entire growing period. Soil water potential was measured with tensiometer. Drought stress applied during entire cultivation period or during the flushing stage caused significant reduction in transpiration and conductance of leaves. Stress applied during bract coloration stage had not as great effect on the stomatal conductance and transpiration of leaves as the similar stress applied during the flushing stage. High soil moisture increased stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, respectively by 130% and 52% (flushing stage), and 72% and 150% (bract coloration stage) at maximum, compared to the control.

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