Research Progress on Degradation and Market Dynamics of PBAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Chengqi Lu ◽  
◽  
Ruixiang Hou ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Market Dynamics ◽  
Degradable Plastics ◽  
Degradable Plastic ◽  
Global Capacity

At present, the massive use of traditional plastics which are very hard to degrade and hereinafter referred to as non-degradable plastics has caused serious pollution problems, which has a harmful effect on the environment and human health. Up to now, many countries have enacted strict policies and regulations to limit the use of non-degradable plastics, polyadipate/butanediol terephthalate (PBAT), as a kind of degradable plastic, has drawn more and more attention. In this paper, research progress on the degradation of PBAT is reviewed and the market dynamics of PBAT are introduced. In the next few years, the global capacity of PBAT is surging and is mainly concentrated in China. The prospect of PBAT is discussed which may provide a reference for PBAT producers.

scholarly journals Methodologies in the Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.): Composition, Biological Activity, and Beneficial Effects on Human Health

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Bety W. Hapsari ◽  
Manikharda ◽  
Widiastuti Setyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), as an edible flower, has long provided an array of positive effects on human health. This benefit is a result of phenolic compounds that are naturally present mainly in the calyx. Plentiful medicinal remedies and functional foods based on this flower are available worldwide, as supported by the studies of phenolic compounds in recent decades. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the composition, biological activity, and beneficial effects on human health of phenolic compounds in roselle. This review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A structured search in the published literature for phenolics compositions in roselle was required prior to the evaluation on the validity of the reported analytical methods. Reliable identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in roselle can be achieved by employing the proper extraction and separation methods. With ample alternative analytical methods discussed here, this review provided an aid for comprehending and selecting the most appropriate method for a particular study. The applications of the analytical methods highlighted indicated that phenolic acids, flavonoids, and their derivatives have been identified and quantified in roselle with a range of biological activities and beneficial effects on human health. It was also disclosed that the composition and concentration of phenolic compounds in roselle vary due to the growth factors, cultivars, and environmental influence. Finally, apart from the research progress carried out with roselle during the last ten years, this review also proposed relevant future works.

The Research Progress of Heavy Metals in PM2.5

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1397-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Na Shi ◽  
Xun Xu ◽  
Xiao Yan Dou ◽  
Xu Dong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Chemical Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Depth Study

PM2.5 is one of the most important components in air pollution. It is also the focus of the most closely watched at home and abroad. Based on its small size, complex components, and strongenvironmental activity, it can be used as a carrier for chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria, toxins and carcinogens into the body. Then, as a result, it will affect Human Body Health. Heavy metals are important components of PM2.5, and the long-term accumulation of heavy metals in PM2.5 poses a great threat on human health and the environment. This paper reviewed the sources, distribution methods,chemical form, detection methods, disposal way, research progress of heavy metals in PM2.5. As a result, it provided a reference for in-depth study on the future.

scholarly journals The possibilities of the utilization of the polymetallic concentrate Coka Marin

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1733-1741
Author(s):  
Lidija Gomidzelovic ◽  
Emina Pozega ◽  
Vlastimir Trujic
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Copper Smelter

This paper presents the results of a calculation the content of composite concentrates, used as the charge in the Copper Smelter in Bor, from the aspect of the behavior of zinc, lead, arsenic, cadmium and mercury. These elements show an extremely harmful effect on the environment and human health; hence it is crucial to comply with legal values of their emission into the environment.

scholarly journals Research Progress on Tissue Engineering of Main Tissues and Organs of Human Body

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 03043
Author(s):  
Zhirui Jin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fundamental Solutions ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Scaffold Materials

The injury and failure diseases of human tissues and organs, such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease, seriously threaten human health and life safety. At present, however, organ transplantation has obvious limitations, and tissue engineering is considered as a potential alternative therapy. Tissue engineering uses the construction of cells, biomaterials and bioreactors to develop three-dimensional artificial tissues and organs for the enhancement, repair and replacement of damaged or diseased tissues and organs, which contributes to the fundamental solutions of diseases of tissues and organs as well as to the improvement of human health. This paper introduces the research progress of tissue engineering technology in the field of living organs from three aspects: seed cells, application of growth factors and biomimetic preparation of functionalized scaffold materials, hoping to provide help and ideas for the research and industrial development of the repair and reconstruction of human organs.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF COCOA POD BORER AND PHYTOPHTHORA POD ROT USING DEGRADABLE PLASTIC POD SLEEVES AND A NEMATODE, Steinernema carpocapsae

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Rosmana ◽  
Merle Shepard ◽  
Prakash Hebbar ◽  
Anita Mustari
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Degradable Plastics ◽  
Degradable Plastic

<p>Cocoa pod borer (CPB; <em>Conopomorpha cramerella</em>) and Phytophthora pod rot (PPR; <em>Phytophthora palmivora</em>) are serious pest and disease on cocoa plantations in Indonesia. Both pest and disease have been controlled with limited success using cultural practices such as pruning, frequent harvesting, sanitation, plastic sleeving, and chemical pesticides. An experiment was conducted on cocoa plantings in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi during the wet season of 2008/09 to test the effect of pod sleeving (with transparent degradable and non-degradable plastic bags) and nematode application on CPB and PPR infestation. The nematode, <em>Steinernema carpocapsae </em>(10,000 active juveniles per pod) was sprayed three times at intervals of 10 and 20 days. Pod damage by CPB was observed at harvest time, while PPR disease incidence was evaluated every week until harvest time. Results showed that all pods in the field were infested by CPB as indicated in control samples. Pod sleeving using both non-degradable and degradable plastics significantly reduced pod damage by CPB, from 62.3% in the control treatment compared to 8.4% in the CPB treatment. A combination of pod sleeving and nematode application had a synergistic reduction of pod damage by CPB resulting in totally healthy pods. Pod sleeving with degradable and non-degradable plastics also reduced pod damage by PPR significantly. Pod sleeving with non-degradable plastic suppressed the disease incidence almost zero until 6 weeks after sleeving and the rate of disease incidence was 3.6% per week. However, with degradable plastic, the disease suppression was even longer (7 weeks after sleeving), indicating that the degradable plastic is more effective. Combination of sleeving and nematode application slightly increased PPR infection. Sleeved pods in general had lower rates of PPR infection compared to pods treated with nematode or untreated pods (control). In these two applications, the rate of disease incidence was 7.8% and 8.3% per week respectively. The study implies that biological control using entomopathogenic <em>S. carpocapsae </em>and degradable plastic sleeves are effective and environmentally-friendly to control <em>C. cramerella </em>and <em>P. palmivora

scholarly journals A Multifunctional Biosurfactant Extract Obtained From Corn Steep Water as Bactericide for Agrifood Industry

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
López-Prieto ◽  
Vecino ◽  
Rodríguez-López ◽  
Moldes ◽  
Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Corn Wet Milling ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

: The increase of crop production along with stricter requirements on food security have augmented the demand of new and eco-friendly bactericides. Most of the bactericides used at the moment consist of persistent organic substances, representing a risk for environmental and human health. For instance, agriculture bactericides used for crop protection includes copper-based, dithiocarbamate and amide bactericides, which are not biodegradable, resulting in the necessity of further research about the production of new active principles that attack microorganisms without producing any harmful effect on human health or environment. The biosurfactant extract evaluated in this work as a bactericide, is obtained from corn steep water, a residual stream of corn wet milling industry, which is fermented spontaneously by probiotic lactic acid bacteria that possess the capacity to produce biosurfactants. In previous works, it has been demonstrated that this biosurfactant extract is able to promote the growth of Lactobacillus casei in drinkable yogurts, though its antimicrobial activity against pathogenic strains has not been evaluated at the moment. The results obtained in this work have proved that this biosurfactant extract is effective as bactericide against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, at concentrations of 1 mg/mL, opening the door to its use in agrifood formulations for reducing the use of chemical pesticides and preservatives.

Human health management and life/disease risk assessment: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Zhong Li ◽  
Xiang-Dong Liu ◽  
Xin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research

Background: Modern medical researches show that population health is closely related to population behavior, environmental factors, social and economic conditions, aging and genetic susceptibility. Therefore, it is very important to study the relationship between these factors and population health. Objective: It reviews the latest research progress in population health management and life/disease risk assessment, analyzes the existing problems in relevant researches, and proposes some improvement plans to solve the problems. Methods: It introduces the general methods of human health management and life/disease risk assessment, analyzes the defects of these methods in practical application, and then draws lessons from the methods of industrial system equipment health management and residual life prediction, and puts forward some new ideas to solve the problems. Results: In the study of health assessment, although self-assessment of health is a common method of health variables, its subjectivity and inaccuracy is a problem that cannot be ignored. In life/disease risk assessment studies, medical effect and efficacy are mainly evaluation subjects, and little consideration is given to other factors, such as behaviour, environment, socio-economic status. In the construction of statistical graphs, great individual differences, internal symbiotic variables and external impact variables are seldom considered. Conclusion: This study helps to understand the basic ideas and methods in health management and life/disease risk assessment, and proposes some future research programs based on the author's knowledge background.

scholarly journals Observations of Emissions and the Influence of Meteorological Conditions during Wildfires: A Case Study in the USA, Brazil, and Australia during the 2018/19 Period

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lerato Shikwambana ◽  
Mahlatse Kganyago
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Large Fires ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Wildfires can have rapid and long-term effects on air quality, human health, climate change, and the environment. Smoke from large wildfires can travel long distances and have a harmful effect on human health, the environment, and climate in other areas. More recently, in 2018–2019 there have been many large fires. This study focused on the wildfires that occurred in the United States of America (USA), Brazil, and Australia using Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarisation (CALIOP) and a TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). Specifically, we analyzed the spatial-temporal distribution of black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) and the vertical distribution of smoke. Based on the results, the highest detection of smoke (~14 km) was observed in Brazil; meanwhile, Australia showed the largest BC column burden of ~1.5 mg/m2. The meteorological conditions were similar for all sites during the fires. Moderate temperatures (between 32 and 42 °C) and relative humidity (30–50%) were observed, which resulted in drier conditions favorable for the burning of fires. However, the number of active fires was different for each site, with Brazil having 13 times more active fires than the USA and five times more than the number of active fires in Australia. However, the high number of active fires did not translate to higher atmospheric constituent emissions. Overall, this work provides a better understanding of wildfire behavior and the role of meteorological conditions in emissions at various sites.

scholarly journals Research Progress on Association between Early-Life Exposure to Phthalates and Childhood Asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 690-695
Author(s):  
Zhang Rong-Hui-Nan
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Acid Esters

Phthalates (Phthalic acid esters, PAEs) as a common industrial products, a growing body of scientific evidences indicate that exposure to PAEs in early life has a potential harmful effect on the growth and development of organisms in later life, among these hazards, exposure to PAEs widely may increase the risk of asthma in children, which has attracted more and more attention. This article introduced the reasons and effects of PAEs exposure in early life, the relationships between early-life PAEs exposure and childhood asthma from the perspectives of epidemiological and animal studies and the underlying mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF COCOA POD BORER AND PHYTOPHTHORA POD ROT USING DEGRADABLE PLASTIC POD SLEEVES AND A NEMATODE, Steinernema carpocapsae

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Rosmana ◽  
Merle Shepard ◽  
Prakash Hebbar ◽  
Anita Mustari
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Degradable Plastics ◽  
Degradable Plastic

<p>Cocoa pod borer (CPB; <em>Conopomorpha cramerella</em>) and Phytophthora pod rot (PPR; <em>Phytophthora palmivora</em>) are serious pest and disease on cocoa plantations in Indonesia. Both pest and disease have been controlled with limited success using cultural practices such as pruning, frequent harvesting, sanitation, plastic sleeving, and chemical pesticides. An experiment was conducted on cocoa plantings in Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi during the wet season of 2008/09 to test the effect of pod sleeving (with transparent degradable and non-degradable plastic bags) and nematode application on CPB and PPR infestation. The nematode, <em>Steinernema carpocapsae </em>(10,000 active juveniles per pod) was sprayed three times at intervals of 10 and 20 days. Pod damage by CPB was observed at harvest time, while PPR disease incidence was evaluated every week until harvest time. Results showed that all pods in the field were infested by CPB as indicated in control samples. Pod sleeving using both non-degradable and degradable plastics significantly reduced pod damage by CPB, from 62.3% in the control treatment compared to 8.4% in the CPB treatment. A combination of pod sleeving and nematode application had a synergistic reduction of pod damage by CPB resulting in totally healthy pods. Pod sleeving with degradable and non-degradable plastics also reduced pod damage by PPR significantly. Pod sleeving with non-degradable plastic suppressed the disease incidence almost zero until 6 weeks after sleeving and the rate of disease incidence was 3.6% per week. However, with degradable plastic, the disease suppression was even longer (7 weeks after sleeving), indicating that the degradable plastic is more effective. Combination of sleeving and nematode application slightly increased PPR infection. Sleeved pods in general had lower rates of PPR infection compared to pods treated with nematode or untreated pods (control). In these two applications, the rate of disease incidence was 7.8% and 8.3% per week respectively. The study implies that biological control using entomopathogenic <em>S. carpocapsae </em>and degradable plastic sleeves are effective and environmentally-friendly to control <em>C. cramerella </em>and <em>P. palmivora

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