scholarly journals UKRAINE BETWEEN PEACE AND WAR WITH RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Ilie Răsvan DUMITRU
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
The West ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Limited Warfare ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Peace And War

  After the Crimean Peninsula was invaded and the amplification of conflicts in South-Eastern Ukraine, it has become obvious that Russia's policy is concentrated on preserving its influence and strategic control over the decisions and political directions taken by the States from the former Soviet bloc. To understand the consequences of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the West, as well as to anticipate and counteract a possible future evolution of similar events not only in geopolitical risk states such as Moldavia, but also even in NATO members such as the Baltic countries, Romania or Bulgaria, it is worth paying attention to the geopolitical consequences of the loss of Crimea and the South-Eastern provinces by Ukraine. The article analyses the reason, mechanisms and stakes behind the Russian-Ukrainian war, from both a geopolitical and historical perspective. To understand the way in which different hybrid instruments can be used by the Russian Federation to influence the States in its proximity and, in particular, how their combination leads to effective satisfaction of the aims, it is useful to assess and address the systemic risks and vulnerabilities of States in the concerned areas of Russia and the West in recent years.   Keywords: Ukraine; Russian Federation; Crimea; Russian-Ukrainian war; hybrid warfare; limited warfare; maskirovka.

Russian students in universities of Baltic countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
A.L. Arefiev ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Baltic

In recent years, higher educational institutions of the Baltic countries have become more and more popular among Russian youth wishing to get higher education (or take a certain course of professional training) abroad. The article, covering the period before the onset of the coronavirus epidemic, highlights the education of Russian students in universities in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. It is noted that a significant part of the students from the Russian Federation come from the Russian regions bordering on the Baltic states. The appendix presents the opinions of Russian students about the learning process and the quality of education received in Latvian, Lithuanian and Estonian universities.

scholarly journals The Russian Federation and Reshaping a Post-Cold War Order

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5(62)) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bryc
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western World ◽  
The West ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
International Standing ◽  
Munich Security Conference

Russia attempts to revise a Western-led liberal world order. However, challenging the West seems to be a strategy aimed at improving Russia’s international standing. This strategy is undoubtedly ambiguous as Russia challenges the West, particularity the United States, and looks for a rapprochement at the same time.The Russian Federation abandoned the West in 2014 as a result of the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula what constituted breaking international law, andengagement into the war in the East Ukraine. Nevertheless, the milestone was not 2014, but 2008 when Russia had decided for the first time to use its militar yforce against Georgia and indirectly against the growing Western military and political presence in this post-Soviet republic. This game changer was hardly a surprise, because several signals of a desire to challenge the Western-led world order had appeared in the past at least twice in president Putin’s speeches in 2007 at Munich Security Conference and in 2014 during Valdai Club session in Sochi. This article seeks to provide a take in the discussion about the way Russia has been trying to reshape the post-Cold War order. This paper probes the notion that Russia has become a revisionist state trying to shape a post-Western world order. Besides, there are a few questions to be answered, first of all whether anti-Westernism is in fact its goal or rather an instrument in regaining more effective impact on international politics and how it may influence the post-ColdWar order despite its reduced political and economic potential.

scholarly journals How to boost the Western response to Russian hostile influence operations

European View ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Jakub Janda
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
The West ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Uk

The Russian Federation has become a rogue state in international relations, invading and occupying the territories of three European countries (Moldova, Georgia and Ukraine), waging war in the Ukrainian territory, producing massive disinformation campaigns against the West, threatening the Baltic republics, and interfering in various elections and referendums. Despite Russia’s aggressive behaviour, the West’s response to it has been significantly limited, particularly when it comes to non-military deterrence by Continental Europe. The US and the UK are leading the punishment of Russia’s aggression, while many countries, mainly in Western and Southern Europe, are hesitant to respond to this threat. This article makes recommendations as to what should be done in practical terms to boost the European portion of the Western response to Russian aggression from the political and policy points of view.

RUSSIAN ANTI-ACCESS POTENTIAL (A2 / AD) ON THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA

2020 ◽  
Vol XIV ◽  
pp. 0-1
Author(s):  
Patryk Reśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The purpose of the following article is to present the military capabilities of the Russian Federation located on the Crimean peninsula, and to define in this context Russian A2/AD anti-access capabilities and their impact on the security architecture of the Black Sea region, in particular NATO's south-eastern flank

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF THE UNDERWATER CULTURAL HERITAGE AND INCLUSION OF UCH IN MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND OF THE BALTIC SEA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
L.V. Danilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Maritime Spatial Planning ◽  
The Baltic

The aim of the study is to analyze the UCH management system in the Russian Federation and the obstacles to the integration of UCH into the maritime spatial planning on the example of the Eastern part of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea in order to preserve UCH and include it in tourist routes. Until now, UCH is not fully integrated into the national MSPs of the Baltic countries. At the same time, MSP does not have a legal status in the Russian Federation, its toolkit and national framework are under development. Russia has a unique opportunity to include MCH in the MSP from the very beginning, defining the key priority areas of UCH based on the experience of the Baltic countries and proposed methodology. The next step will be the development of pilot MSPs for the Russian parts of the Baltic Sea, taking into account the particular value of UCH.

“Youth Intellectual Club” is a Way to Realize the Triple Helix Idea in Russia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey I. Andreev ◽  
Maria N. Mikhaleva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
International System ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Peer Community ◽  
The Baltic

The idea of a triple helix for Russia is very attractive, especially at this time, when the government wants to realize the “Knowledge” Economics. The “Knowledge” Economics is effective communication with proven scientific results and real business opportunities with the support of the municipalities and state laws. First, the State's efforts are aimed at young scientists for innovation and business. “Youth Intellectual Club” (YIC) was made to solve these problems. The objectives of the YIC put the active involvement of Fellows of the President of the Russian Federation with the participation of the President of the winners of the Russian Federation for young scientists and grant recipients of the President of the Russian Federation and members of other government programs, and the most promising representatives intellectual youth in the modernization of the Russian education system and economy through the creation of an effective peer-community, uniting the future intellectual elite of the Russian Federation for the development of science and industry of the country. YIC forms the reserve for the development of science, education and innovation at all levels creates an extensive network structure across the country develops in contact with municipalities and businesses information environment for interaction and exchanging of information between intellectual youth, business and public authority, creates and maintain bank of best ideas and initiatives of students and young scientists for modernization and innovative development of Russia. That will help to create and promote an attractive image of a scholar and teacher in the youth environment. YIC also holds conferences, forums, seminars for the formation of students and youth leadership and management skills to work effectively in the knowledge economy. Currently, under the auspices of YIC successfully held two All-Russian competition of innovative projects and ideas of young scientists. Developing an educational program of the club (holding schools, seminars, webinars, constant discussion of youth projects) and proposing many innovative youth projects for businesses are going to be planned. The club is interested in new partners in various areas of science and business and in integration into the European environment. One of the directions of development may be creation of the Youth Intellectual Club of the Baltic countries under the auspices of country’s leaders. This Club will work closer with students and young researchers. It will form the single control system of research and education programs. One of the major steps will be creation of international system of experts for scientific, educational and innovative activities for young people aimed at the problem formulated business communities of the Baltic region.

scholarly journals Two civilizations: the relations of Russia and Western Europe at the beginning of the 21st century

Baltic Region ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-141
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Gutorov ◽  
Alexander A. Shirinyants ◽  
Andrei Yu. Shutov
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
The Urals ◽  
The West ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Charles De Gaulle ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
System Today ◽  
De Gaulle

The challenges of building relations between two different civilizations, which Samuel Huntington and Lev Gumilev wrote about, are currently becoming more obvious due to the cardinal geopolitical and geoeconomic changes that have taken place since the demise the USSR and the world socialist system. Today, in the West, as if in contrast to the famous project by Charles de Gaulle —“Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals”, an extremely negative image of Russia is being formed. Western ideologists stick to the axiom according to which despotism and slavery, allegedly being the basis of Russia's internal order, inevitably give rise to aggression in relations with the outside world. Of course, these ideas do not take into account the ongoing socio-economic changes in the country and have little to do with modern realities. They are a mere reproduction of the old Western xenophobic moods going back to the time when Russophobia was widely spread in a number of leading European countries. The article explores historical roots of Russophobia and their manifestations at the beginning of the XXI century in Poland and the Baltic countries.

The Rite of Beauty: an introduction to the music of Leonid Desyatnikov

Tempo ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Manulkina
Keyword(s):  
Female Voice ◽  
String Orchestra ◽  
The West ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Original Works ◽  
Alfred Schnittke ◽  
Russian Composers ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Rare Instance

Leonid Desyatnikov is one of the most successful Russian composers of his generation and one of the most distinctive and individual on the contemporary Russian scene. He represents a rare instance of a contemporary composer in his mid-forties who has had all his works performed, some of them on many occasions. In the West, his music has been played by the Deutsche Sym-phony and the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. His vocal cycle Five poems by F. Tyutchev has been performed recently in London and Aldeburgh. Beginning in the mid-1990s, Gidon Kremer became the main champion of Desyatnikov's music; he has commissioned, performed and recorded a number of Desyatnikov's original works as well as his arrangements of Astor Piazzolla's music. To date, Kremer has performed Desyatnikov's Russian Seasons, for violin, female voice and string orchestra, composed in 2000, fifteen times in Europe, the Baltic countries and Russia. On 1 May 2002, he will present its American premiére at Carnegie Hall. The fact that Kremer, who earlier brought the music of such composers as Alfred Schnittke and Sofia Gubaidulina to international attent ion, has now ‘chosen’ Desyatnikov speaks volumes for the quality of the music.

scholarly journals Researching Baltic security challenges after the annexation of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viljar Veebel
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Military Studies ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Security Models ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe article aims to provide an insight into academic and military studies that investigate security challenges in the Baltic region after the annexation of Crimea. To do this in a systematic way, numerous academic and military studies and analyses in this field are divided into six broad categories: literature on conventional threat scenarios in the Baltic region; studies on nuclear escalation scenarios; publications that describe Russian viewpoints in the current confrontation with the West; studies that discuss security policy and security perceptions of the Baltic countries and the national security models of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania; studies on anti-access and area denial; and articles that analyse the dilemmas and challenges in association with understanding the essence of deterrence in the context of modern hybrid warfare and the build-up of a viable deterrence model in the Baltic region. In total, about 40 publications from the period between 2014 and 2019 are represented in this article. While some studies are already well known, others have undeservedly remained somewhat overlooked. This article attempts to correct this by highlighting and comparing the results of the most interesting and intriguing studies in this field. Through this, the author strived to maintain a balance between studies conducted both by military experts and by academics.

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