The Effects of Physical Activity Programs on Physical Fitness, Blood Lipids, and Growth-Related Factors among Young Normal Weight and Obese Children

ObjectivesTo investigate factors associated with movement behaviours among White British (WB) and South Asian (SA) children aged 6–8 years during school terms and holidays.DesignCross-sectional.SettingThree primary schools from the Bradford area, UK.ParticipantsOne hundred and sixty WB and SA children aged 6–8 years.Primary and secondary outcomesSedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured by accelerometry during summer, winter and spring and during school terms and school holidays. Data were analysed using multivariate mixed-effects multilevel modelling with robust SEs. Factors of interest were ethnicity, holiday/term, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), weight status, weekend/weekday and season.ResultsOne hundred and eight children (67.5%) provided 1157 valid days of data. Fifty-nine per cent of children were WB (n=64) and 41% (n=44) were SA. Boys spent more time in MVPA (11 min/day, p=0.013) compared with girls and SA children spent more time in SB (39 min, p=0.017) compared with WB children in adjusted models. Children living in higher SES areas were more sedentary (43 min, p=0.006) than children living in low SES areas. Children were more active during summer (15 min MVPA, p<0.001; 27 LPA, p<0.001) and spring (15 min MVPA, p=0.005; 38 min LPA, p<0.001) and less sedentary (−42 min and −53 min, p<0.001) compared with winter. Less time (8 min, p=0.012) was spent in LPA during school terms compared with school holidays. Children spent more time in MVPA (5 min, p=0.036) during weekend compared with weekdays. Overweight and obese children spent more time in LPA (21 min, p=0.021) than normal-weight children.ConclusionThe results of our study suggest that significant child level factors associated with movement behaviours are ethnicity, sex, weight-status and area SES. Significant temporal factors are weekends, school holidays and seasonality. Interventions to support health enhancing movement behaviours may need to be tailored around these factors.

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Oncologists’ Attitudes and Practice of Addressing Diet, Physical Activity, and Weight Management With Patients With Cancer: Findings of an ASCO Survey of the Oncology Workforce

Journal of Oncology Practice ◽

10.1200/jop.19.00124 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. e520-e528 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Ligibel ◽

Lee W. Jones ◽

Abenaa M. Brewster ◽

Steven K. Clinton ◽

Larissa A. Korde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Weight Management ◽

Online Survey ◽

Clinical Care ◽

The United States ◽

Related Factors ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Physical Activity Programs ◽

Oncology Providers

PURPOSE: Obesity and related factors have been linked to cancer risk and outcomes, but little information exists with regard to oncologists’ attention to these issues as a part of clinical care. METHODS: Oncology providers actively caring for patients with cancer in the United States and internationally were asked to complete an online survey about practice patterns and perceptions with regard to obesity and weight management during and after active cancer treatment. RESULTS: Nine hundred seventy-one practicing oncology providers completed the survey. The majority of respondents indicated a belief that the evidence linking obesity to cancer outcomes was strong and that weight and related factors should be addressed as a part of cancer treatment. The majority of respondents also reported that they frequently assessed body weight and related factors as well as counsel their patients to exercise, consume a healthy diet, and lose weight, if applicable. However, referral to providers and programs to support weight loss and increased physical activity occurred less frequently, and a number of barriers were identified for the incorporation of weight management and physical activity programs in the treatment of patients with cancer. CONCLUSION: In a survey of oncology providers, attention to weight management, physical activity, and diet in patients with cancer was high during and after cancer treatment but often did not result in referrals to support lifestyle change. Future work is needed to support education and training of oncology providers to facilitate referrals and overcome barriers to implementation of weight management and physical activity programs for patients with cancer.

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The Association of Physical Activity and Physical Fitness With Pre-Adolescent Obesity: An Observational Study in Metromanila, Philippines

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.8.6.804 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 804-810 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Consuelo Belmonte Gonzalez-Suarez ◽

Karen Grimmer-Somers

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Philippines ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Older Children ◽

Obese Children ◽

Cross Sectional

Background:Childhood obesity has been inconsistently associated with decreased levels of physical activity and fitness. Moreover, little is known about this relationship among Filipino preteens.Methods:This cross sectional study reports the association between childhood obesity, measures of physical activity, and fitness. Children aged 11 to 12 from randomly selected schools from San Juan, Metromanila were included. Outcome measures were body mass index, Filipino modified Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older children (F_PAQ-C), standing broad jump, 50 m sprint and 20 m multistage shuttle run.Results:380 children participated in the study. Obese children had significantly lower median scores in the F_PAQ-C compared with overweight children. Overweight children had lower scores in the standing broad jump, 50 m sprints and predicted VO2max as compared with children with normal BMI. There were modest associations between the 50 m sprint, predicted VO2max, and F_PAQ-C.Conclusion:Our study has showed that physical activity and fitness scores were strongly correlated with childhood obesity. If childhood physical fitness is a predictor of physical fitness in adulthood which is a risk factor in cardiovascular diseases, there is a strong possibility that the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in the Philippines will increase dramatically in the future.

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The Effectiveness of Worksite Physical Activity Programs on Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Health

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine ◽

10.1097/00042752-200303000-00008 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 106-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 213

Author(s):

Karin I. Proper ◽

Marjan Koning ◽

Allard J. van der Beek ◽

Vincent H. Hildebrandt ◽

Ruud J. Bosscher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Physical Activity Programs ◽

Fitness And Health

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Changes in anthropometric parameters and physical fitness in older adults after participating in a 16-week physical activity program

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina ◽

10.15446/revfacmed.v68n3.75817 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 375-382

Author(s):

Pablo Valdés-Badilla ◽

Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz ◽

Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo ◽

Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf ◽

Yeny Concha-Cisternas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Physical Activity Program ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Chair Stand ◽

Activity Program

Introduction: Physical activity is important for achieving healthy aging. Objective: To analyze changes in anthropometric parameters and physical fitness among Chilean older adults after participating in a 16-week physical activity program and to evaluate whether there were differences in relation to their baseline nutritional status or not. Materials and methods: Pre-experimental quantitative study. The study population consisted of 176 older adults (155 women and 21 men) distributed in three groups: normal weight (n=56), overweight (n=67) and obese (n=53). The following variables were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and physical fitness. Results: Significant decreases between pre- and post-measurements were found for WC (p<0.001), BMI (p=0.015), and WHR (p<0.001). Improvements were observed in the following tests: chair stand (p<0.001), arm curl (p<0.001), 2-min step (p<0.001), chair sit-&-reach (p=0.018) and back scratch (p=0.014). Regarding BMI, significant changes were observed between normal weight vs. overweight participants (p=0.001) and between normal weight vs. obese participants (p=0.001). Conclusion: Older adult participants that regularly attended the physical activity program were able to reduce their WC, BMI and WHR, and also improved their physical-functional performance on the chair stand, arm curl, 2-min step, chair sit-&-reach and back scratch tests. In addition, anthropometric parameters and physical fitness also improved regardless of their baseline nutritional status.

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Risk Factors Associated with Poor Physical Fitness in Three- to Six-Year-Old Children in Tujia-Nationality Settlement of China

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/5702190 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Xiaoli Liu ◽

Zheng Xiang ◽

Chaoneng Liu ◽

Xiangrong Shi ◽

Xinfeng Yi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Obese Children ◽

Activity Time ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Fitness Assessment ◽

Younger Age

Background. Physical fitness has been recognized not only as an integrated predictor of the body's functional status, but also as an important marker of health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with physical fitness among 3-6-year-old children within the Tujia-Nationality settlement in the years 2005, 2010, and 2014. Methods. Demographics questionnaires and fitness assessment were performed to identify the risk factors for poor physical fitness (PPF) among 3- to 6-year-old children in the years 2005, 2010, and 2014 in the area of southwest Hubei of China. Results. Of the 2128 children, 495 were classified as PPF (23.3%). In 2005, the percentage of PPF children was 21.7%, and the percentage of PPF children decreased from 29.1% in 2010 to 18.8% in 2014. Furthermore, Urban area children had a significant risk of PPF than rural area children (OR=1.299, P=0.031). Three-year-old children had 2.150-fold risk of PPF as compared to 6-year-old children. The children with less than 0.5 hours of activity time per day had 1.95-fold risk of PPF as compared to those with 1-2-hour activity time per day, respectively. Underweight and overweight/obese children had 2.74-fold and 1.67-fold risk of PPF as compared to normal weight children. Children had 1.97-fold risk of PPF when their father’s schooling ceased after middle school and 1.51-fold risk of PPF when their father’s schooling ceased after high school, respectively. Conclusions. These results demonstrated that the incidence of PPF children went up from 2005 to 2010 and then down from 2010 to 2014 within the Tujia settlement. For the children in this area, the risk factors associated with PPF included urban location, younger age, less than 1-hour activity time per day in kindergarten, underweight/overweight, low father’s education level, and mother’s childbearing age being less than 20 years.

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Overweight or Obesity, Gender, and Age Influence on High School Students of the City of Toluca’s Physical Fitness

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/9546738 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Flor de Maria Cruz Estrada ◽

Patricia Tlatempa Sotelo ◽

Roxana Valdes-Ramos ◽

José Aldo Hernández Murúa ◽

Rafael Manjarrez-Montes-de-Oca

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School Students ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Probabilistic Sampling ◽

The City

Material and Method. This is a prospective, cross-sectional, and correlational study with a probabilistic sampling in which 150 teenagers from three different high schools from the city of Toluca, Mexico, aged 15–17, were assessed. Objective. To determine if weight, age, and gender have an influence on physical fitness evaluated with the EUROFIT and ALPHA-FITNESS batteries. Results. Women have a higher overweight and obesity rate than men (3 : 1). Adolescents who have normal weight have regular physical fitness (74.9%). When comparing genders we found that men have a higher mean than women in the tests, except for skinfold thickness and waist circumference. Age was only correlated with the plate tapping test (p=0.001). There are significant differences in the standing broad jump test and the Course-Navette of the EUROFIT and ALPHA-FITNESS batteries (p=0.000). Conclusions. It is likely that regular physical activity, and not normal weight, helps generate healthy physical fitness. Male subjects had a higher mean than women, reporting a better physical fitness and more frequent physical activity.

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