scholarly journals IMPACT OF MODERATE INTENSITY AEROBIC EXERCISES UPON BODY COMPOSITION OF COLLEGE GIRLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Fouzia Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Luqman ◽  
Muhammad Asghar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This experimental study aimed to investigate impact of moderate intensity aerobic exercises upon Body Composition of college girls. The experimental research method was adopted for current study with longitudinal approach i.e., pre-test and post-test. 40 participants were taken as a population and were randomly divided into two groups, experimental and Control group. Eight-week moderate intensity aerobic exercises were given to experimental group. After the completion of eight-week exercise protocol the data of Body composition, data of pretest and posttest was recorded and analyzed using paired sample t test and ANOVA to check the difference between the body composition score of girls in pre-test and post-test. It was found that there is significant impact of Moderate intensity aerobic exercises upon the post-test of experimental group. The results provides significant information in deciding the relationships among the research variables in order to reach the conclusion.

scholarly journals The Effects of Ten Weekly Plyometric Training of Judokas on Anaerobic Power

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (13) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Uzun ◽  
Onder Karakoc
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Male Age ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted to determine the effects of ten weekly plyometric training on anaerobic power in judokas. 30 male judokas participated in the study and the subjects were divided into two groups as an experimental (15 male age = 21,40 ± 1,99) and control (15 male age = 21,53 ± 1,80) groups. Judo training programme was applied in both groups for 3 days / 90 minutes per week. Experimental and control group were made warm up exercises for 20 minutes. Both groups continued with the special preparatory period judo training program. After warm up exercises, experimental group judokas were made plyometric training consisting of 15 different movements for 20 minutes. Then they were allowed to continue the judo training. As the groups showed normal distribution, Paired Samples T-Test was applied for the significance between pre-test and post-test measurements of the groups. Independent Samples T-Test was used to analyze the difference between the test group and control group. The Independent Samples T-Test was used to analyze the difference between the experimental group and the control group. As a result of the plyometric training, when the pre-test and post-test differences of the physical measurement parameters for the experimental and control groups were compared, the mean values of back strength, anaerobic power and body fat percentage were found to be significant(p0.05). As a result, it is seen that the regular plyometric exercises increase the performance of anaerobic power to judokas. It can be said that putting plyometric training besides judo training has a positive effect for performance.

scholarly journals The Effects of Task-Based Language Teaching on Writing Achievement at a High School in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Thi Thu Huong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Teaching Writing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The current study determines the effectiveness of using task-based language instructions in teaching writing at a high school in Thai Nguyen province. The participants consist of 92 grade 10 students from Bing Yen high school, Dinh Hoa district. The study employs a mix method research design (MMR) as the plan for the research. The results of the study reveals that the results of writing performance were reported at a low level (M=3.72). The results also confirmed that the intervention worked well for the experimental group. The mean score of the pre-test (the baseline for both groups) was M=3.72. The intervention focused on TBLT instructions. After first five weeks, the means of post-test1 were M=4.96 and M=3.83 for experimental group and control group respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean of pre-test and post-test1 for the experimental group (M=3.72 compared to M=4.96), while the control group showed a little improvement (M=3.72 compared to M=3.83) the difference was not significant. After another five weeks, the difference in the mean scores of the experimental group were far more than the mean scores of the control group, M=5.56 and M=4.45 respectively. By the end of the fifteenth week of the intervention, the mean of post-test 3 of the experimental group reached M=6.41, the mean for control group was M=5.54. The difference of the mean scores in the pre-test and post-test revealed a significant improvement in both groups. However, the experimental group showed a greater improvement, M=6.41 and M=5.54 respectively. It can infer that the uses of TBLT writing instruction improved writing achievement greatly.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Systemic Approach in Teaching Adjectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Wiwik Alwiah ◽  
Mansur Akil
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Technique ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the use of the systemic approach to improve students’ understanding on adjectives materials related to the use, usage, synonym, antonym, spelling, pronunciation, collocation, meaning, and order. This research employed a quasi-experimental design. The populations were the third-semester students of Muhammadiyah University of Makassar in academic year 2017/2018. The sample consisted of 40 students chosen from two classes by using purposive sampling technique then were divided into two groups, namely experimental and control group. The difference between experimental and control class was based on the teaching technique used during the treatment. While the experimental class was taught by using systemic approach, control class was taught by using the conventional method.The instruments of this research were adjective tests. The data was analyzed by using statistical analysis on SPSS for Windows 20.0 program. As per data, experimental group experienced improvement on their understanding on adjectives in terms of use, usage, meaning, spelling, pronunciation, synonym, antonym, collocation, and order indicated by the post-test mean score (77.1) which was significantly higher than that of the control class (59.7) and the gain of experimental group (31.2) which was higher than control group (17.4). Another supporting indicator is the t-test value which was higher than the t-table value (4.022 > 1.75). Furthermore, the researcher found that the element of adjective which experienced most significant increase on its mastery happened on the usage, while the lowest one was the collocation. The result of this research indicated that there was significant improvement between experimental and control class. It means that systemic approach that was applied in experimental group can improve the students’ mastery on adjectives material. Thus it was concluded that the systemic approach was effective to improve students’ on adjectives.

scholarly journals Effect of Reflex Therapy on Stress and Blood Pressure among Older Adults with Hypertension

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Sahbanathul Missiriya ◽  
J. Suhail Hassan ◽  
Arul Anunncia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Reflex Therapy ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: Reflex therapy relieves tension, relaxes the mind, improves the circulation of the body. In hypertension, vascular resistance increases the pressure of the blood vessels. The study was aimed to assess the pretest and post-test levels of stress and blood pressure (BP), evaluate the effectiveness of the reflex therapy among older adults with hypertension, and to associate the level of stress and BP with demographic variables. Study Design: Community-based randomized controlled trial was adopted. Place and Duration of Study: The urban area, Poonamallee, in Chennai, between October to December 2019. Methodology: Among 100 older adults, 50 participants were selected in each experimental and control group by using simple randomization. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and dual function BP monitor was used to assess the stress and BP respectively. Reflex therapy was provided for 6 weeks to the older adults with hypertension, who had low and moderate levels of stress in the experimental group. The different pressures such as 100%, 75%, and 50%, that was applied in the foot for 15 minutes weekly twice by reflexology stick, when the participants were in an empty stomach. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean and standard deviation value of pretest and post-test stress level was 14.84±6.02, 9.4±4.73 in experimental group, 13.32±5.3 and 13.04±5.09 in control group respectively. This proves that reflex therapy was effective in reducing stress levels which was statistically significant (P=0.001). Mean and standard deviation of systolic BP in pretest and post-test was 142.74±5.98 and 137.78±5.69; 141.11±6.18 and 142.03±6.29, and diastolic BP was 98.21±3.28; 97.31±3.15 and 97.94±3.59; 98.96±3.34 in experimental and control group respectively indicated that the reflex therapy helps to reduce the level of BP (P=0.001). Conclusion: Reflex therapy is beneficial to older adults particularly with hypertension for relieving stress and reducing systolic and diastolic BP.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF MODERATE INTENSITY AEROBIC EXERCISES UPON HEART RECOVERY OF COLLEGE GIRLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 166-176
Author(s):  
Fouzia Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Luqman ◽  
Afsha Jabeen
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Longitudinal Data Collection ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Rate Study ◽  
The Difference

The existing stud was aimed to observe effects of moderate intensity aerobic exercises upon heart recovery of college girls. The study was experimental by using longitudinal data collection approach i.e., pre-test and post-test. Total participants in study were 40. The selected population was randomly being divided into two groups, “experimental and control group”. The experimental group gained special treatment for a period of 8 weeks. The heart beat was checked through Radial artery which is easily felt on thumb side of the wrist of arm. For radial artery, three fingers of hand used. After the completion of eight-week exercise protocol data of RHR the data of pretest and posttest was recorded and analyzed “using paired sample t test” to see the difference between the RHR score of girls in pre-test and post-test. It was concluded that the “there is significant impact of Moderate intensity aerobic exercises upon Resting” Heart Rate. Study provides significant information in reaching the conclusion of the current research study.

scholarly journals A SCIENTIFIC STUDY ON EFFECT OF YOGIC PRACTICES ON SPEED AMONG HANDBALL MEN

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
N. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Criterion Variable ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the present study was to nd out the yogic practices on speed among handball men. To achieve the purpose of the study men handball players were selected from afliated college from Tamil Nadu Physical Education and Sports University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India during the year 2019. The subject's age ranges from 18 to 25 years. The selected students were divided into two equal groups consists of 15 handball men each namely experimental group and control group. The experimental group underwent a yogic practices programme for six weeks. The control group was not taking part in any training during the course of the study. Speed was taken as criterion variable in this study. The selected subjects were tested on Speed was measured through 50 yards dash. Pre-test was taken before the training period and post- test was measured immediately after the six week training period. Statistical technique 't' ratio was used to analyse the means of the pre-test and post test data of experimental group and control group. The results revealed that there was a signicant difference found on the criterion variable. The difference is found due to yogic practices given to the experimental group on Speed when compared to control group

scholarly journals COPING WITH BIG CLASSES: EFFECT OF BIG BOOK IN FOURTH GRADE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
N.W.S. Mahayanti ◽  
N.N. Padmadewi ◽  
L.P.A. Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Young Learners ◽  
Fourth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Teaching reading comprehension for young learners becomes a challenge for English teachers in Indonesia. Dealing with that problem, this study had a purpose to investigate whether there was any significant effect on students’ reading comprehension taught by using big book and conventional media or not. Post-test only control group was used as the design with forth grade students of SD Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja as the population. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. As the result, it can be concluded that big book gives significant effect on students reading comprehension compared with the control group. It can be proven from the difference of mean score gained by experimental group (83.56) and control group (76.19). The result of the t-test also shows that the t-observed exceeded the t-critical value (4.088 > 2.042).

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE LISTENING COMPREHENSION OF THE FIRST YEAR STUDENTS OF A STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN ENREKANG, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Ita Sarmita Samad
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aims at finding out whether or not the implementation of jigsaw listening improves the Listening comprehension of the first year students of a state senior high school in Enrekang. This study employs a quasi experimental method. The population of this study is the first year students of a state senior high school in Enrekang in the academic year 2012/2013. It uses random sampling, taking two classes totalling 52 students. It involves two groups, namely experimental class and control class. The students’ pre-test and post-test shows that there is significance different between experimental and control group. The result of the gained of mean score shows the difference between those groups. The difference of the mean score of pre-test and post-test of experimental group is 16.62 while control group is 0.73. It means that . The students of experimental group get better improvement than the students’ of control group. Thus, it can be concluded that the hypothesis is tenable. Besides, the t-test value of gained score (2.65) is higher than t-table (2.021). Thus, it can be concluded that the jigsaw listening improves the students’ listening comprehension.

scholarly journals APPLYING CLOZE EXERCISE PROCEDURES IN MASTERING READING COMPREHENSION

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Content Word ◽  
T Test ◽  
Inventory Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Instructional Level ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Cloze procedure is a technique in which words are deleted from a reading passage. In this study, researcher used purposive cloze that deleted content word, such as: noun, adjective and verb. The data taken from 43 students belong to both groups, the experimental group (22 students) and control group (21 students), of the second grade students of SMA Al-Falah Abu Lam-U. The instrument used for collecting the data is test in order to know the students’ achievement in completing nouns, adjectives and verbs, while pre-test and post-test in order to get the result of both groups. The result was analyzed by using statistical formula, such as by calculating the mean score, standard deviation and t-test in order to know whether there is the difference between experimental and control group performance in completing reading with content word deletion. The researcher used percentage formula in order to find out the difference of students’ achievement in completing noun, adjective, and verb deletions in reading passage and also to find out in what level the experimental and control group based on the cloze reading inventory level. Based on the data analysis, the writer found that there is a significant difference between cloze exercise for experimental group and conventional way for control group. It can be shown with the t-test result which is higher than the t-table result (9,41>2,02). It means that the researcher accepts her alternative hypothesis that there is a difference between both techniques, and cloze exercise technique is better than conventional technique. The deletion of verbs is quite easy for both groups. The average percentages of the post-test covers 66% noun, 59% adjective and 73% verb for the experimental group, while the control group results are 59% noun, 51% adjective and 61% verb. To support the data above, the researcher also divided the students’ achievement based on “cloze reading inventory level”. Most of the experimental students are in independent level with the average percentage 66% and few of them in instructional level. While in control group, only few of students are in independent level with the average percentage 58% and most of them are in instructional level.

scholarly journals COMBINATION OF WOBBLE BOARD AND CORE STABILITY EXERCISE MORE IMPROVES BODY BALANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Bagas Anjasmara
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Lack of physical activities or sedenetary lifestyle will affect the abilities of body, one of them is body balance, which causes several problems that are related with motor skills and one of them is increased possibililty of injury as the result of the muscle is not accustomed to hold weight more than normal activities. Improving body balance can be done by training muscles which have function to maintain the balance. Research Objectives: This study aims to identify the combination of wobble board exercise and core stability exercise is better compared to calf raise exercise and core stability exercise in improving body balance of students with love physical activities. Methods: This research used experimental methods pre and post test two group design with. The experimental group was given wobble board exercise and core stability exercise, while the control group was given calf raise exercise and core stability exercise. The number of sample in each group is 18 people and each of the group was given 3 times in a week of exercise for 6 weeks. The balance measurement in this study used standing stork test. Result: The research result is the body balance Experimental Group is increase with mean pre test score is 10,80±4,64 seconds becomes 26,51±5,41 seconds during post test, and p = 0,001. In Control Group, there is an increase body balance with mean pre test 8,39±4,51 becomes 20,54±5,18 during post test  and p = 0,001. There is a significant difference in the increase of body balance in Experimental Group and Control Group with p = 0,002 (p < 0,05). Conclusion: The combination of wobble board exercise and core stability exercise is better than the combination of calf raise exercise and core stability exercise in improving body balance of students with low physical activities. Keywords: Body Balance; Low Physical Activities; Wobble Board Exercise; Calf Raise Exercise; Core Stability Exercise

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