scholarly journals Investigation of the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis in infertile Turkish women

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Aycan Kaya ◽  
Dilek Benk Silfeler ◽  
Raziye Keskin Kurt ◽  
Ilay Gözükarad ◽  
Erhan Yengil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Turkish Women ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Posterior Fornix ◽  
Infertile Patients

AbstractBackgroundTrichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted vaginal infection caused by a protozoan called Trichomonas vaginalis. Its prevalence ranges between 3–40% among randomly tested women.ObjectivesTo investigate the presence of T. vaginalis in infertile women presenting to a Turkish gynecology outpatient clinic using parasitological methods.MethodsThe study population comprised 51 patient participants who attended the gynecology clinic of Mustafa Kemal University Hospital between March and August 2013. The women were divided into those presenting with infertility (n = 22) and a patient control group (n = 29). Women in the control group had complaints other than infertility. Microscopic examination, Giemsa staining, and cysteine-peptone-liver-maltose culture were performed on samples taken from posterior fornix tested for T. vaginalis.ResultsT. vaginalis was observed in 18% (n = 4) of infertile patients and in none of the control group (P = 0.03).ConclusionsAsymptomatic infertile women should be examined for T. vaginalis infection, which may play a role as a cause or contributing factor in infertility.

scholarly journals Profile of sexually transmitted infections causing urethritis and a related inflammatory reaction in urine among heterosexual males: A flow-cytometry study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242227
Author(s):  
Stanislav Tjagur ◽  
Reet Mändar ◽  
Margus Punab
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold

Background Information about the use of flow cytometry in the diagnosis of male urethritis is scarce. The current study aims to evaluate the performance of flow cytometry on first-voided urine in males with infectious urethritis (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis). Methods Male patients of the Andrology Centre (Tartu University Hospital, Estonia) were recruited during the period March 2015 –January 2018. Cases included 306 patients with infectious urethritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium and/or Trichomonas vaginalis. The control group consisted of 192 patients without uro-genital complaints, negative tests for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium and T. vaginalis from first-voided urine and no inflammation in first-voided urine, mid-stream urine and urine after prostate massage. C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium and T. vaginalis were detected from first-voided urine using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. First-voided urine was analysed using urine particle analyzer Sysmex UF-500i. Results The most prevalent infection was chlamydia (64.1%), followed by Mycoplasma genitalium (20.9%), gonorrhoea (7.8%) and trichomoniasis (1.6%). Gonorrhoea caused the highest flow-cytometric leucocyte/bacteria count, followed by chlamydia and Mycoplasma genitalium. Trichomonas vaginalis showed nearly absent inflammation in first-voided urine. Using an empiric flow-cytometry diagnostic threshold for urethritis in first-voided urine (leucocytes ≥ 15/μl and bacteria ≥ 20/μl) the total calculated sensitivity was over 90%. However, when applying such criteria for deciding whether to perform first-voided urine PCR for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium and T. vaginalis or not, we could miss 23 cases with infectious urethritis that makes up 7,5% of all proven cases. Conclusions Flow cytometry of first-voided urine can be considered as a rapid and objective screening method in case of suspected male infectious urethritis.

Prevalence and correlation of Neisseria gonorroheae, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum antibodies in unexplained infertile women having positive post coital test

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Poonam Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Elisa Technique

  The probability that a vaginal infection can interfere with fertility is often overlooked. The microorganisms, their products may inhibit sperm morphol-ogy and motility. Abnormal cervical mucus and sperm interactions clarify infertility in 5% to 10% of couples with a fertility problem. The aim of this research study was to estimate the prevalence of Gonococcal (IgG), Myco-plasma hominis (IgG) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (T. mycoplasma) (IgG) antibodies in unexplained infertile women having positive post coital test (PCT). Blood samples of 50 positive PCT identified infertile females and 50 healthy pregnant females (age group of 24-36 yrs) were collected and ana-lyzed for Gonococcal (IgG), M. hominis (IgG) and T. mycoplasma (IgG) anti-bodies by ELISA technique. In the study group patients, only 12 % cases (6/ 50) were positive for IgG gonococcal antibodies but no any positive case was found in control group. 28% cases (14/50) were found positive for M. homi-nis IgG antibodies in study group patients and only 10 % cases (5/50) were positive in control group. Results statistically were insignificant. In case of T. mycoplasma IgG antibodies, 76% (38/50) infertile women were observed as positive while only 24% (12/50) cases of control group were found positive for the same (p < 0.001). The results were not significant for gonococcal and M. hominis antibodies but were highly significant for U. urealyticum IgG an-tibodies and it was concluded that it may be a cause of infertility in positive PCT cases as no any other known reason of infertility is noticed in such cases.

scholarly journals Detection of Pro-Inflammatory IL-8 and IL-12 in Iraqi Women Infected with Trichomoniasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
Hayder Z. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Acute Group ◽  
Iraqi Women ◽  
Disease Stages ◽  
Host Inflammatory Response

Trichomonas vaginalis is a unicellular flagellated protozoan that resides in female and male genital tract and considered the most prevalent sexually transmitted infectious parasite. The infection rate is relatively equivalent between male and female but trichomoniasis is usually asymptomatic in men. Primary triggering of host inflammatory response to this parasite is not fully understood and most studies address the local reaction of the parasite in female genital tract. In this study, two pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-8 and IL-12, were investigated in the serum of infected women with Trichomonas vaginalis during acute and chronic stages of the disease. The results demonstrated that the level of IL-8 was significantly higher along the acute and chronic disease stages in female patients. However, the level of IL-12 was significantly increased in the acute group but exceptionally decreased in the chronic group of patients, in comparison with the control group. These results indicate that local infection of the vaginal Trichomoniasis may alter the levels of the studied inflammatory cytokines during infection.

scholarly journals Loss of HDAC3 results in nonreceptive endometrium and female infertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (474) ◽  
pp. eaaf7533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Hoon Kim ◽  
Jung-Yoon Yoo ◽  
Kyung-Chul Choi ◽  
Jung-Ho Shin ◽  
Richard E. Leach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Histone Deacetylase 3 ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
P300 Recruitment

Endometriosis is a disease in which tissue that normally grows inside the uterus grows outside the uterus and causes chronic pelvic pain and infertility. However, the exact mechanisms of the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility are unknown. Epigenetic dysregulation has recently been implicated in infertility. Here, we report a reduction of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) protein amounts in eutopic endometrium of infertile women with endometriosis compared to a control group. To investigate the effect of HDAC3 loss in the uterus, we generated mice with conditional ablation of Hdac3 in progesterone receptor (PGR)–positive cells (Pgrcre/+Hdac3f/f; Hdac3d/d). Loss of Hdac3 in the uterus of mice results in infertility due to implantation failure and decidualization defect. Expression microarray and ChIP-seq analyses identified COL1A1 and COL1A2 as direct targets of HDAC3 in both mice and humans. Reduction of HDAC3 abrogated decidualization in a primary culture of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) similar to that observed in infertile patients with endometriosis. Whereas attenuation of HDAC3 resulted in p300 recruitment to Col1a1 and Col1a2 genes in the uterus of mice as well as hESCs, inhibition of p300 permitted hESCs to undergo decidualization. Collectively, we found attenuation of HDAC3 and overexpression of collagen type I in the eutopic endometrium of infertile patients with endometriosis. HDAC3 loss caused a defect of decidualization through the aberrant transcriptional activation of Col1a1 and Col1a2 genes in mice and COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes in humans. Our results suggest that HDAC3 is critical for endometrial receptivity and decidualization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of tubal patency in infertile patients with saline infusion sonosalpingogram

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2590
Author(s):  
Deepa Shanmugham ◽  
Ramadoss Kabilan Vidhyalakshmi ◽  
Jessy Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Tubal Disease ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: The incidence of tubal disease in infertility in India is as high as 40%. The aim of our study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Saline Infusion Sonosalpingogram (SSG) in the assessment of tubal patency in infertile patients with laparoscopy as the gold standard.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology on 50 consecutive infertile patients. Patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease were excluded from the study. After complete examination and basic infertility work up, the tubal patency testing by Saline Infusion Sonosalpingogram was performed on day 8 of the cycle, followed by diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation to confirm the tubal patency.Results: Out of 50 enrolled patients, 3 were excluded during the course of study. Thus, the study population comprised of 47 infertile women. During our study, 42 patients had tubes patent on SSG, out of which 41 patients had patent tubes on laparoscopy. 2 patients with blocked tubes on SSG had patent tubes on laparoscopy. 3 patients had blocked tubes on both SSG and laparoscopy. On statistical analysis, the sensitivity of SSG in diagnosing tubal patency is 95.34%, specificity 75%, positive predictive value 97.65% and negative predictive value 60%.Conclusions: Saline Infusion Sonosalpingogram is a simple, safe, convenient procedure for assessment of tubal patency in infertile women. It can be included in basic infertility work up. Hence, laparoscopy can be reserved for patients with tubal block, suspected pelvic pathology and unexplained infertility.

scholarly journals Is genital tract infection related to tubal diseases in infertile Vietnamese women?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 906-913
Author(s):  
Minh Tam Le ◽  
Thi Le Na Nguyen ◽  
Duong Dinh Le ◽  
Tram Viet Quynh Ngo ◽  
Anh Thi Chau Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: The goal of this study was to identify the profile of genital tract infections and their relationship with clinical and demographic parameters as well as tubal diseases among infertile women in Vietnam. Methodology: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, we enrolled 597 women undergoing infertility treatment at the Center for Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Hue University Hospital, Vietnam. All of the study participants were interviewed and examined by a gynecologist. Consecutive tests were then conducted including direct microscopy examination (wet mount and Gram stain), vaginal culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for chlamydia diagnosis from a cervical canal swab, and a blood test for syphilis detection. A hysterosalpingogram (HSG) was carried out to examine the uterine cavity and Fallopian tubes. Results: A gynecologic infection was diagnosed in 43.4% (259/597) of the infertile women. Bacterial vaginosis was the most common condition at 19.6%of the cases. Candida spp., Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis infections accounted for 17.4%, 3.7%, and 0.3%, respectively. Normal HSG results accounted for 87.4% of the women while 5.5% had 2-sided tubal occlusions, 5.4% had 1-sided tubal occlusions, 1.0% had 1-sided hydrosalpinx, and 0.7% had 2-sided hydrosalpinx. There was no significant association between tubal diseases and current infections; however, aerobic vaginitis increased the risk of tubal diseases by 2.4 times. Conclusions: A marked proportion of infertile Vietnamese women have genital tract infections that can significantly influence their reproductive function and performance. These infections should be routinely screened and treated properly to prevent their consequences, such as infertility, which is especially important in developing countries.

scholarly journals Analysis of characteristics of vulvo-vaginal infections in 14- to 18-year-old girls in late puberty

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052094650
Author(s):  
Ling Xu ◽  
Zhengqiang Hu ◽  
Fan Yu ◽  
Yuanting Tang
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
West China ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene

Objective This study aimed to determine the characteristics of vulvo-vaginal infections in 14- to 18-year-old girls in late puberty. Methods From July 2016 to June 2019, 487 14- to 18-year-old girls with vulvo-vaginal infection in late puberty in West China Second University Hospital were retrospectively studied. The incidence of bacterial vaginosis (BV), the intermediate type of BV, vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and differences among the incidence of these infections for patients with different ages were analyzed. Results The incidence of BV, the intermediate type of BV, TV, VVC, and unknown pathogenic vaginitis was 25.67%, 19.30%, 2.46%, 29.37%, and 23.20%, respectively. The incidence of BV and VVC was significantly higher than that of TV. The incidence of BV in the 17-year-old group was significantly higher than that in other age groups. The incidence of VVC and non- albicans Candida infection in the 17- and 18-year-old groups was significantly higher than that in the 14-year-old group. Conclusion Girls in late puberty are more susceptible to suffer from BV and VVC than TV infections. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the effects of menstrual hygiene, female estrogen levels, the vaginal internal environment, and hygiene in vulvo-vaginal infection at this stage.

scholarly journals Anti-Trichomonas vaginalis Effect of Methanolic Extracts of Sambucus nigra in Comparison with Metronidazole

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardavan Niknam ◽  
Bahman Rahimi Esboei ◽  
Aroona Chabra
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Background: Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease caused by a flagellated protozoan living in the genitourinary tract, which infects both men and women. Metronidazole is the treatment of choice for trichomoniasis. Researchers are seeking an alternative to metronidazole because of its inevitable side effects and toxicity. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the methanolic extract of Sambucus nigra against Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. Methods: Plants were collected from different areas of Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Fruits were separated, shade-dried, milled, and their methanolic extract was prepared in concentrations of 100, 200, 400, and 800 µg/mL. Parasites were obtained from patients referring to different health centers of Mazandaran province, cultured in Dorset medium, and incubated at 37°C. The effects were evaluated and compared to a control group. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18 using the ANOVA test. Results: The exposure time and concentration of the extracts had a direct effect on anti-parasitic activity so that increasing extract concentration and incubation time heightened the anti-trichomoniasis effects. The concentrations of 400 and 800 µg/ml of the plant had 100% efficacy after 72 and 48 hours, respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded from our results that the methanolic extract of S. nigra has a remarkable ability to destroy T. vaginalis and it can be considered an effective drug against T. vaginalis with further studies in human and animal models.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy to Optimize the Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Mostafa Hussein Emam ◽  
Shereef Lotfy Elshwaikh ◽  
Diaa Mounir Aglan ◽  
Mostafa Zain Elabedin Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Recurrent Implantation Failure ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: Identifying the cause of infertility is complex and often reveals overlapping etiologies. Because of the valuable characteristics of hysteroscopy, it has been deemed a promising surgical intervention to improve in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the role and effectiveness of combined laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in the assessment of uterine pathologies in infertile women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) after IVF, and explore whether removal of such pathologies increased the rate of pregnancy in those women. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included 40 infertile patients presented with either primary or secondary infertility after repeated IVF/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) failure. Participants were selected from Endoscopy and Assisted Reproductive units in Obstetrics and Gynecology department at Tanta University Hospital. Results: There was a statistically significant higher rate of successful cases in the abnormal hysteroscopic findings group. There was no statistically significant difference between normal and abnormal laparoscopic findings groups as regard successful ICSI procedure. Conclusions: Hysteroscopy is recommended to be a routine diagnostic and therapeutic tool in any case with RIF or recurrent IVF/ICSI failures before a new attempt as it increases the success rate. We can’t recommend routine laparoscopy in any case with RIF or recurrent IVF/ICSI failures.

Anamnestic factors that shape reproductive health of women with repeated unsuccessful popygamy in vitro fertilization

2016 ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
N.V. Cotsabin ◽  
◽  
O.M. Makarchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fertilization In Vitro ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Group I

The proportion of patients with multiple unsuccessful attempts of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is about 30% of all patients treated with the use of ART. Women with history of unsuccessful ART attempts - a special category of patients who require emergency attention and a thorough examination at the stage of preparation for superovulation stimulation,the selection of embryos and endometrium preparation for embryo transfer. The objective: to distinguish high-risk group of unsuccessful attempts based on a detailed analysis of anamnestic and clinical data of infertile women with repeated unsuccessful ART attempts that requires more in-depth study of hormonal features, ovarian reserve and condition of the endometrium. Materials and methods. For better understanding of the problem of repeated unsuccessful ART attempts and сreation of efficient infertility treatment algorithms for these couples we conducted a thorough analysis of anamnestic data of three groups of infertile women (105 patients), which were distributed by age: group I – younger than 35, the II group – from 35 to 40, the III group - over 40 years. These groups of patients were compared with each other and with the control group of healthy women (30 persons). Results. Leading stress factors in the percentage three times prevailed in the group of infertile women and had a direct connection with the fact of procedure «fertilization in vitro» and chronic stressors caused by prolonged infertility. Primary infertility was observed significantly more frequent in patients younger than 35 years (p <0.05), secondary infertility - mostly in the second and third experimental groups (p <0.05). Noteworthy significant percentage of wellknown causes of infertility and idiopathic factor in all groups, and the prevalence of tubal-peritoneal factor in the second and third experimental groups, and endocrine dysfunction in the I experimental group. The most common disorder among this category of woman was polycystic ovary syndrome. Frequency of usual miscarriage among patients of I ana II groups was two times higher than in the third group (p <0.05). Among the experimental groups the leading place belongs urinary tract infection, respiratory tract diseases, pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Data of the stratified analysis show an increase likelihood of repeated unsuccessful ART attempts under the influence of constant chronic stress (odds ratio OR=2.06; 95% CI: 0.95–3.17; p<0.05). Conclusions. Among infertile patients with repeated unsuccessful ART attempts must be separated a high risk group of failures. The identity depends on the duration of infertility, female age and leading combination of factors. Key words: repeated unsuccessful ART attempts, anamnesis, infertility, high risk.

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