scholarly journals Database of extreme waves generated during the passage of a cold front in Rio Grande do Sul coast, southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Dayanis Montero Borges ◽  
Humberto Varona ◽  
Marcelo Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Cold Front ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Wavewatch Iii ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Best Fit

This datapaper supports the use of a database generated from wavefield simulations with the WAVEWATCH III model in waters off the coast of Rio Grande do Sul in the South Atlantic Ocean. In the WAVEWATCH III simulations, three domains are generated as a part of a numerical experiment to set up the best configuration. This database includes all input and output files for the two best-fit simulations. Bathymetry and wind files at 10 m above the surface are available as input files. The period of simulation and non-stationary wind data input corresponds to March 22-28, 2016. The date was chosen because it is related to the passage of a cold front through the area of interest. The different parameterizations used and with which good results were obtained in the simulations with the model are also described. The WAVEWATCH III output files contain the spatial and temporal distribution of the wavefield in the area of interest, as well as the outputs for point locations consistent with the location of on-site records. For the two best-fit domains, the following variables were obtained: mean wind speed (m s-1), sea-air temperature difference (°C), wave height (m), mean wavelength (m), mean wave period (s), mean wave direction (degrees), mean directional propagation (degrees) and friction velocity (m s-1). All these variables are provided in NetCDF format and will serve as a reference for future wave modeling work in the region, and the results will be able to be compared with those obtained in the database.

scholarly journals Epidemiological study of rabies in cattle in southern Brazil: spatial and temporal distribution from 2008 to 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
Bianca L. Santos ◽  
Fábio Raphael P. Bruhn ◽  
Ana Carolina B. Coelho ◽  
Pablo Estima-Silva ◽  
Joanna V. Echenique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
A Value ◽  
Area Of Influence

ABSTRACT: Rabies affects several domestic species, causing significant economic losses due to the death of animals in characteristic areas of the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul. In this context, this work aimed to study the epidemiology of rabies outbreaks observed in cattle from January 2008 to December 2017, through its space and time distribution in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul. We performed an observational and ecological retrospective through the analysis of data recorded in necropsy protocols performed in cattle at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas” (LRD-UFPel). A descriptive data analysis aimed at evaluating the distribution of cases over time. The statistical analysis was performed with Gretl statistical software 1.9.12 (GNU Regression, Econometric, and Time-series Library). To the existence of stationarity was verified with the Dickey-Fuller test, considering a value of p<0.05. From January 2008 to December 2017, 1418 bovine diagnostic materials were received at the LRD-UFPel, and 160 outbreaks of rabies were confirmed in 160 farms located in the 24 municipalities of the LRD-UFPel area of influence. We observed 591 cattle out of a total of 25,886 infected with the virus. We conclude that rabies does not exhibit seasonality in the study region, with a tendency to decrease in frequency in the next years. The disease has an epidemic characteristic in most of the analyzed months (2012-2014), remaining endemic in the remaining period (2011, 2015 and 2016) with sporadic episodes of epidemics in these years. We also observed that as the incidence of the disease increased in the animals and in the properties, there was a geographical spread of the virus for the majority (54.16%) of the municipalities in the area of influence of the LRD-UFPel.

scholarly journals Género y Sexualidad: ¿Qué Dicen las Profesoras de Educación Infantil de Canoas, Brasil?

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Regina Quaresma da Silva ◽  
Dirléia Fanfa Sarmento ◽  
Paulo Fossatti
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Municipal Schools ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Infant Education ◽  
The City

This article focuses the conceptions of gender and sexuality of the infant education teachers of the municipal schools net of the city of Canoas (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). We listed the contributions that set up our theoretical opinions. Afterwards we analyzed the focal group that was accomplished with 26 teachers, where we presented to the group images that deal about the theme and listened to their understandings. The results point out the necessity of including themes of gender and sexuality in the professional graduation formation and post graduation in the Pedagogy area.

Modelling Nature-based Solutions: an application to mitigate coastal erosion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Unguendoli ◽  
Andrea Valentini ◽  
Luis Germano Biolchi ◽  
Umesh Pranavam Ayyappan Pillai ◽  
Alessandri Jacopo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Wavewatch Iii ◽  
Morphodynamic Modelling ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Morphological Modelling ◽  
Set Up

&lt;p&gt;Nature based solutions (NBSs) address key societal challenges through the protection, sustainable management and restoration of both natural and modified ecosystems.&amp;#160;In this work we present a modeling application of this innovative approach, inspired by nature, with the goal of mitigating coastal erosion. Within the framework of the OPEn-air laboRAtories for Nature baseD solUtions to Manage environmental risks (OPERANDUM) project, the natural reserve of Bellocchio in Lido di Spina (Italy) faces frequent marine floods and intense erosive phenomena, hence being chosen as Open-Air Laboratory for the NBS implementation. The project aims to mitigate coastal erosion through the realization of an artificial sand dune made of natural materials, such as sand, wood, geotextiles and geomembranes and covered by native herbaceous and shrubby vegetation. We present the modeling activities carried out in the context of the project, aiming on the performance and efficiency evaluation&amp;#160; of the designed NBS, with a specific focus on the coastal morphological modelling. Thus, a numerical modeling chain has been set-up to simulate a long-term current scenario with and without the NBS. The chain is composed of the wave model WAVEWATCH III, the oceanographic model SHYFEM and the morphodynamic model XBeach for the coastal area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;XBeach was validated with available and specific (for the project) topo-bathymetric surveys of the area of interest as means to define the more accurate set-up of the model parameters. The 10 years period 2010-2019 was defined as the time range for modelling simulations. Sea level outputs from SHYFEM and wave outputs from WAVEWATCH III for the 10 years simulations are used to force the coastal model XBeach. Given the huge computational costs related to long-term simulations, an input-schematization was applied (so called &amp;#8220;input reduction&amp;#8221;). The approach followed for the long-term morphodynamic modelling of the NBS-XBeach setting will be shown. Moreover, the chosen coastal model domain, the model set-up and the input reduction applied will be presented.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Combining serological assays and official statistics to describe the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the EPICOVID19-RS study in Rio Grande do Sul (Southern Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Pires Hartwig ◽  
Lu&iacutes Paulo Vidaletti ◽  
Alu&iacutesio JD Barros ◽  
Gabriel D Victora ◽  
Ana MB Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Over Time

Background: The EPICOVID19-RS study conducted 10 population-based surveys in Rio Grande do Sul (Southern Brazil), starting early in the epidemic. The sensitivity of the rapid point-of-care test used in the first eight surveys has been shown to decrease over time after some phases of the study were concluded. The 9th survey used both the rapid test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test, which has a higher and stable sensitivity. Methods: We provide a theoretical justification for a correction procedure of the rapid test estimates, assess its performance in a simulated dataset and apply it to empirical data from the EPICOVID19-RS study. COVID-19 deaths from official statistics were used as an indicator of the temporal distribution of the epidemic, under the assumption that fatality is constant over time. Both the indicator and results from the 9th survey were used to calibrate the temporal decay function of the rapid test's sensitivity from a previous validation study, which was used to estimate the true sensitivity in each survey and adjust the rapid test estimates accordingly. Results: Simulations corroborated the procedure is valid. Corrected seroprevalence estimates were substantially larger than uncorrected estimates, which were substantially smaller than respective estimates from confirmed cases and therefore clearly underestimate the true infection prevalence. Conclusion: Correcting biased estimates requires a combination of data and modelling assumptions. This work illustrates the practical utility of analytical procedures, but also the critical need for good quality, populationally-representative data for tracking the progress of the epidemic and substantiate both projection models and policy making.

scholarly journals Phenological metrics of the grassland vegetation of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreise Moreira ◽  
Denise C. Fontana ◽  
Tatiana M. Kuplich ◽  
Laurindo A. Guasselli
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
South Central ◽  
Phenological Metrics

ABSTRACT Considering that plant phenology studies allow establishing relationships between phenological patterns of vegetation and changes caused by climate variability, the aim of this study was to obtain phenological metrics for the predominant grassland typologies in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil (latitudes 27º 05’ and 33º 45’ S and longitudes 49° 43’ and 57º 39’ W) and to evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution pattern of these metrics under the influence of the subtropical climate variability. The phenological metrics were obtained based on the time series of the EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index), of the sensor MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), for the period from 2001 to 2014, through the Timesat program. Eleven phenological metrics were extracted, identifying the presence of two spatial distribution patterns of grass-dominated typologies in the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, one located in the south-central region and the other located in the northeast, along the coast and in the western portion of the state. In addition, it was also observed that the phenological pattern of the grassland vegetation of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is controlled by the seasonality of vegetation, mainly associated with the variations in air temperature.

scholarly journals Quantificação e distribuição sazonal da precipitação pluvial nas regiões ecoclimáticas do Rio Grande do Sul (Quantification and seasonal distribution of precipitation in the ecoclimatic regions of Rio Grande do Sul)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadete Radin ◽  
Ronaldo Matzenauer ◽  
Ricardo Wanke De Melo ◽  
Marcos Silveira Wrege ◽  
Silvio Steinmentz
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
Climatic Risks ◽  
Autumn And Winter

O conhecimento do volume de precipitação pluvial ocorrido em uma determinada região é tão importante quanto o conhecimento da distribuição temporal da mesma. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a ocorrência sazonal da precipitação nas diferentes regiões ecoclimáticas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizados dados mensais de 28 estações meteorológicas no período de janeiro de 1961 até dezembro de 2010, pertencentes às redes de monitoramento da Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Irrigação - SEAPI/RS e do 8º Distrito de Meteorologia, do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia - INMET/Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Os resultados mostraram que a distribuição da precipitação pluvial é aproximadamente uniforme entre as quatro estações do ano, sendo maior na primavera, com 27% do total anual, seguida do verão, com 25%, e do outono e inverno com 24% cada, considerando a média de todas as regiões. Esta distribuição, no entanto, é diferente dentro de cada uma das regiões analisadas. Palavras-chave: variabilidade, riscos climáticos, chuva.   A B S T R A C TThe knowledge of the volume of precipitation occurred in a region is so important as the knowledge of its temporal distribution. The objective of this paper was to quantify the seasonal occurrence of precipitation in the regions of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Monthly data of 28 meteorological stations were used from January 1961 to December 2010, belonging to the monitoring networks of the SEAPI/RS and the INMET/MAPA. The results showed that rainfall distribution is approximately uniform between the four seasons of the year, being higher in spring, with 27% of the annual total, followed by summer with 25%, and autumn and winter with 24% each, considering the average of all regions. This distribution, however, is different within each of the analyzed regions.Keywords: variability, climatic risks, rain. 

Estudo da Dispersão do Monóxido de Carbono Associado a Emissão Veicular na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre com o Sistema de Modelagem Numérica CCATT - BRAMS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Leandra ávila da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Félix Alonso ◽  
Sabrina Feltes de Moura ◽  
Túlio Felipe Verdi Filho
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Porto Alegre

Resumo O monitoramento contínuo da qualidade do ar local é extremamente importante para a gestão ambiental de uma cidade, mas nem sempre viável pelo alto custo dos equipamentos. Por conta disso, investe-se muito na utilização da modelagem numérica no estudo da qualidade do ar, que é altamente dependente de inventários de emissões dos poluentes e seus precursores. Nesse contexto o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo da dispersão do monóxido de carbono (CO) na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando o sistema de modelagem numérica CCATT-BRAMS, com ênfase nas fontes veiculares. Foram analisados dois períodos - janeiro de 2009 e janeiro de 2016 - utilizando-se as informações dos inventários de gases precursores elaborados pela FEPAM para os anos base de 2009 e 2013, respectivamente, distribuídos espacialmente com o auxílio do pré-processador de emissões PREP-CHEM-SRC utilizado pelo CCATT-BRAMS. No geral, as simulações representaram coerentemente os dados observados pela rede de monitoramento, com RMSE abaixo de 0,3 na maioria das estações avaliadas. Análises de sensibilidade também revelaram que, para o período avaliado, aproximadamente 40% da concentração de CO sobre a cidade de Porto Alegre foi devido ao transporte de larga escala, proveniente das cidades localizadas ao norte, dentro da Região Metropolitana.

CONTRIBUIÇÃO AO CONHECIMENTO DA AVIFAUNA DO MUNICÍPIO DE TAQUARA, RIO GRANDE DO SUL

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Marcelo Pereira de Barros ◽  
Ana Paula Lima da Silveira ◽  
Bruna Reis Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Environmental Disturbances ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Hydrographic Basin

As aves destacam-se dentro dos vertebrados por serem um grupo diverso e adaptado a diferentes ambientes, a composição da comunidade de aves de um determinado local é um importante bioindicador ambiental, pois ela reflete alterações recentes ou pretéritas de determinada área. Na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos, as pressões sobre os remanescentes de ecossistemas naturais são intensas em decorrência da urbanização crescente, do estabelecimento de indústrias e da ampliação das fronteiras agrícolas, esses fatores associados geram a redução e fragmentação de habitats, com impactos irrecuperáveis para a flora e a fauna. Devido à escassez de dados sobre a avifauna do município de Taquara, o presente estudo teve como objetivo levantar informações sobre o grupo, listando as espécies de aves locais. Entre agosto de 2016 e junho de 2017 foram realizadas quatro amostragens mensais em duas áreas rurais do município, totalizando 44 campanhas de observação e 132 horas de esforço amostral. As espécies foram identificadas e classificadas conforme sua frequência de ocorrência mensal, em espécies comuns e raras. Foram registradas 133 espécies distribuídas em 47 famílias, o que representa mais de 20% das espécies ocorrentes para o estado. Ao longo do período amostrado, 90 espécies foram classificadas como comuns e 47 consideradas raras para as áreas pesquisadas.Palavras-chave: Aves. Bacia hidrográfica do Rio dos Sinos. Preservação.ABSTRACTBirds stand out within vertebrates because they are a diverse group adapted to different environments. The composition of the bird community of a certain place is an important environmental bioindicator since it reflects recent or previous environmental disturbances of a certain area. In the Sinos River Basin, environmental pressures on the remnants of natural ecosystems are intense as a result of increasing urbanization, the establishment of industries and expansion of agricultural frontiers which generate habitat reduction and fragmentation with irrecoverable damages on flora and fauna. Due to the scarcity of data on the avifauna of the municipality of Taquara, the present study aimed to gather information and list the species of local birds. Between August 2016 and June 2017, four monthly samplings were carried out in two rural areas of the municipality, totaling 44 observation campaigns and 132 hours of sample effort. The species were identified and classified as common and rare according to their frequency of occurrence. There were 133 species distributed in 47 families, representing more than 20% of the species that occurred in the state. During the sampled period, 90 species were classified as common and 47 were considered rare for the areas surveyed.Keywords: Birds. Hydrographic basin of Sinos River. Preservation.

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