Philanthropic emotional work: Papering over the cracks of unprecedented public education reform

Chile is undertaking an ambitious public education reform, re-centralising the administration of municipal schools in larger territories. This reform is unprecedented, both for the size of the new intermediate-level services ( Servicios Locales de Educación Pública) and the escalation of their bureaucratic complexity, facing widespread organisational problems that cause high stress and labour suffering. We argue that improving emotional working conditions is necessary to accomplish pedagogical goals, but this dimension has received little attention. This article presents a follow-up study focused on school principals and professionals’ emotional and occupational experiences that have worked in the initial two-and-half years of one of the first Servicios Locales de Educación Pública created in the country. The qualitative analysis of interviews reveals how they make sense of organisational dilemmas while crafting solutions for facing structural shortcomings of new institutions. We understand their extraordinary commitment as ‘philanthropic emotional work’, driven by genuine care for children and the nation's future. However, in this effort, they also experience labour suffering and work overload, which may compromise their well-being and the long-term accomplishment of this reform's goals. These observations highlight the need for a reflexive improvement of this reform, recognising emotional work as a valuable resource but unsustainable without appropriate institutional support.

Meanings of Interdisciplinarity Attributed by Mathematics Teachers’ Educators and Teachers of the Municipal Schools of São Paulo

Background: within the scope of public educational policies, the research focuses on the recontextualisation of the principle of interdisciplinarity of the Programa Mais Educação São Paulo (More Education Programme) for mathematics teachers’ pedagogical practices. Objective: to discuss the meanings attributed to interdisciplinarity by mathematics teachers’ educators and teachers. Design: we used Basil Bernstein’s curriculum theories and the theory of the pedagogic device, exploring the concepts of pedagogical recontextualisation and pedagogical practice. We conducted qualitative research of a deductive-interpretative nature. Settings and Participants: the subjects are mathematics teachers’ educators involved in implementing the programme and mathematics teachers working in the Interdisciplinary Cycle in the municipality of São Paulo. Data collection and analysis: we used semi-structured interviews, as they allow the production of singular meanings of the subjects’ perspectives on the process of recontextualisation of the principle of interdisciplinarity. Data analysis was performed by theme/category-based content analysis. Results: as the discourse of interdisciplinarity is moved to pedagogical practice, educators and teachers reveal conceptual and methodological gaps to carry out interdisciplinary work in schools. When working from an interdisciplinary perspective, they opt for integrative projects, which has already been carried out through the methodology of the generating themes. Conclusions: we clarify the need to invest in an interdisciplinary teacher education model to change the logic of a fragmented school disconnected from contemporary issues. We argue that in this globalised world we live in, permeated by complex issues, we can no longer be restricted by the boundaries of an area of knowledge.

Indicators and goals for school performance evaluation: a two-stage DEA analysis of the Ideb of municipal public schools

Improving the quality of Education leads to the improvement of the social and economic development rates of individuals and countries. Furthermore, few studies seek to identify effective practices in the pedagogical and management areas that can direct educational actors in their actions. Thus, this study aims to identify indicators and goals for increasing school performance in the subject of Portuguese in municipal lower secondary Education. These practices were identified based on the analysis of Brazilian municipal Schools of High Performance. Municipal schools were selected and grouped by socioeconomic level to measure efficiency through the two-stage DEA tool. The results show that the increase in current expenditure is not always accompanied by the improvement in the results. In addition, 45 indicators and goals that can increase the performance of schools in reading and writing teaching were found. They are related to the various actors of the educational process, namely: students, teachers and principals. Of these actors, some were related to the Principal’s management skills, reinforcing his/her role in promoting the quality of teaching.

Atividades de robótica como prática de transformação social

The general objective of this article is to present the importance of robotics as well as the development of robots for use by elementary and middle students. In addition to discussing pedagogical mediation in this context. The reason for the development of this work centers on the need for studies on Robotics in the educational environment and its networks of relations with a focus on learning of students and on the need for a change in the culture of the school. The methodology of this work is based on the cartographic method of research and intervention that, instead of seeking a result or conclusion, seeks to follow the process, seeking to establish relationships. Thus, we began mapping the pedagogical mediation between the teachers and students of the municipal schools of Viamão, EMEF Residencial Figueira and EMEF Sergeant Manoel Raymundo Soares. In order to understand the pedagogical mediation of the inventive robot robotics activities for the competitions of the II Municipal Robotics Exhibition of the Viamão Municipality - Rio Grande do Sul. From the results, we can highlight that the students seek to improve their knowledge in related areas, such as in physics, mathematics, electronics, programming and mechanics. Assuming an inventive and active stance, it also enables students to build not only concepts, skills, but also values and ideals in order to contribute to society. Making them autonomous, independent and responsible citizens.

Morphological and functional characteristics of Mongolian children and adolescents with different level of physical activity

The materials for the present study were collected cross-sectionally in 2014/15 as a result of a survey of 7136 individuals from 8 to 17 years of age who were ethnic Mongols and lived in the city of Ulaanbaatar. The data was divided into 2 groups – individuals who were students of special sports schools and were engaged in sports sections of different specialization for more than a year, and individuals limited to physical education lessons at municipal schools. Anthropometric data were collected according to the standard technique, followed by assessment of the parameters of the hemodynamic and respiratory systems, as well as the dynamometry of both hands. The survey was performed in accordance with bioethical procedure and the signing of informed consent protocols. Results and discussion. The large value of the total body sizes in the groups of young athletes indicates that the morphological status of the subjects under the influence of physical activity begins to change quite early, and at the end of the period under consideration, the intergroup difference reaches a maximum, especially in boys. At the same time, the body frame index, which allows one to draw indirect conclusions about the robustness of the skeleton, differs slightly. Taking into account the age of the subjects, it can be concluded that the influence of sports on the value of the indicator manifests itself in the process of growth and parallel to increasing physical activity levels. Intergroup differences in the value of functional indicators are much more pronounced: the respiratory and hemodynamic systems demonstrate more active functioning in physically active individuals. In this case, clearer intergroup differences were found in girls. At the same time, higher indicators of dynamometry of both hands (especially in older schoolchildren), together with the results obtained above, make it possible to speak of positive shifts in the physical strength of the body, directly related to a higher level of physical activity. Conclusion. Systematic involvement in regular physical activity and various sports has a positive effect on the body functioning, significantly improving its capabilities: individuals with higher level of physical activity are more adapted to the effects of the external environment comparing to their less-active peers. This is confirmed by numerous studies by other authors. The greater degree of differences in morphological characteristics in the groups of boys, and functional indicators in the groups of girls, may be associated with the traditional Mongolian way of life, with typical gender stereotypes and roles.

Factors associated with drug use among adolescents

The study aimed to identify factors associated to drug use in adolescents. For this purpose, it has been observed 133 adolescents registred in ninth grade in two municipal schools in Viçosa, who answered an individual questionnaire validated by PAHO / WHO, applied by members of the Uncensored Extension Project of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV). Substance use and family structure were evaluated. Statistical tools were: Epi-Info 7.0 StatCalc, Pearson's chi-square test, Poisson regression and SPSS version 23.0 and Stata 9.0 programs. The sample had an average of 15 years old, that 26.3% reported drug use, thus, 65,4% related family history of drug use and low education. Other aspects of family structure included: good family perception, absence of violence and family mental disorder by 78.2%, 82.7% and 75.9% of adolescents, respectively. Only males persisted as a factor associated with drug use, with 2.4 times higher use (PR 2.39; 95% IC 1.19-4.78; p = 0.014). Therefore, only the male gender showed a higher risk for drug use, and further studies are needed to evaluate factors associated with drug use, aiming to promote public health.

Challenges for a complex comparative analysis: problematizing educational data in the context of the Covid pandemic 19 in Campinas (SP) - Brazil

This work aims to problematize the impacts of Pandemic Covid 19 in the elementary school of the Municipal Education Network of Campinas (RMEC) considering a brief comparative analysis between two municipal schools regarding the performance or not of non-classroom activities offered by them, in the light of the educational legislation in force and, mainly, from the discussion proposed in a comparative education with a complex and systemic approach, from the pedagogical and political clashes for the democratization of teaching, from the use of data in a contextualized way and not only as carriers of a neutral and unquestionable rationality and the elements of an aesthetic mode of existence present in the documents and actions implemented in the context of the closure of schools due to the Covid Pandemia 19.