scholarly journals Vision Screening Programmes: Collaborative work for developing evidence-based vision screening protocols.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Niall Strang ◽  
Brendan Barrett ◽  
Rigmor C Baraas
Keyword(s):  
Screening Programme ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Special Topic ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Access

This editorial highlights the scope of the topic that need to be examined further in the field of children’s vision screening. We hope that by making vision screening a special topic in SJOVS we can encourage collaboration between groups of researchers, clinicians and students and help in the development of evidence-based solutions to the current problems facing vision screening across the world. Of course, identifying eye and vision problems represents only the first stage in a screening process. It is important to mention that any screening programme requires several follow up steps to be successful. Good access to further examination for screening is required and affordable spectacles need to be provided. A mechanism of follow up is also important as, once dispensed, the spectacles need to be worn appropriately. Failure to address any of these issues will limit the benefits of a screening programme and innovative methods of addressing these issues are encouraged.

Preschool Vision Screening in Pediatric Practice: A Study From the Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) Network

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 834-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Wasserman ◽  
Candace A. Croft ◽  
Sarah E. Brotherton
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Supervision

In this cross-sectional study, the vision-screening process is described for 8417 children aged 3 to 5 seen for health supervision in a group of 102 pediatric practices in 23 states and Puerto Rico. Three hundred forty children who failed screening (63% of those who failed) were followed up 2 months after initial screening. The sample was 52% male, 86% white, 9% black, 3% Hispanic, and 1% Asian. Vision screening was attempted on 66% of children overall. Pediatricians' reasons for not screening were "not routine" (44%), "too young" (40%), and "screening done previously" (17%). Younger children were less likely to be screened than older children (39% of those aged 3), and Hispanics were less likely to be screened than other ethnic groups (P < .001). Thirty-three percent of children received no screening for latent strabismus. Two months later, 50% of parents whose child had failed a vision test were unaware of this fact on questionnaire follow-up. Eighty-five percent of children referred to an eye specialist had made or kept an appointment. It is concluded that pediatricians need to increase vision screening among younger preschool children and communicate more effectively to parents the results of screening failure.

Global impact of a clinical informatics system: Scalable delivery of on-time access to evidence-based multidisciplinary expert treatment decisions for all cancers.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6502-6502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra A. Badwe ◽  
Pramesh CS ◽  
Sudeep Gupta ◽  
Nita S. Nair ◽  
Nancy Renee Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Informatics System ◽  
The World ◽  
Simple Language

6502 Background: There is a scarcity of expert oncologists in the world. Patients in nonurban areas have poor access to evidence-based treatment decisions and worse outcomes. In India, there are ~1600 experts for 1.8 Million patients. Created in May 2014, “TMC NCG Navya Online” is an expert opinion service based on an informatics system. We prospectively study its real-world impact. Methods: Navya exhaustively searches and outputs evidence and experience based treatment options for an individual patient. Its accuracy was validated in trials at TMC (one of the world’s largest tertiary care centers) and UCLA-OVMC. Navya’s patient data summary and treatment options are rapidly reviewed and vetted (1-2 minutes) on mobile by experts from TMC and NCG, (consortium of 104 cancer centers in India). Expert decisions are converted into a simple language report for patients. System generated evidence based information on diagnostics, regimens, side effects etc are also provided. To prospectively assess impact, from July to December 2016, all patients were asked via phone follow-up: 1. If report was shared with treating provider, 2. Final treatments delivered. Results: 9361patients from 22 developing countries registered with TMC NCG Navya Online. 3402 expert decisions were provided and converted into 2614 simple language reports. 5229 patients received system generated evidence based information. Median time to deliver a report was 24 hours. The prospective sample was 582 decisions with a 75% (n = 436) follow-up rate. 74% of reports were shared with treating providers. 73% of TMC NCG Navya’s decisions, (n = 306), were the final treatments delivered. Common reasons for non-implementation included decline in ECOG status and not testing biomarkers (ER/PR etc). Conclusions: Expert oncologists use Navya to provide rapid online opinions to patients across 22 developing countries. Patients shared the expert opinions with their providers and received evidence-based treatments. Expanding the reach and impact of such a service to nonurban USA and the world, can maximize outcomes for patients without ready access to expertise.

Project Direct: Pilot Study of A Collaborative Intervention for Depressed Seniors

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane McCusker ◽  
Martin Cole ◽  
Mark Yaffe ◽  
Philippe Cappeliez ◽  
Martin Dawes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Depression Care ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Problem Solving Therapy ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Collaborative Intervention

This pilot study assessed the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial of an intervention for major depression among seniors in Canadian family practice. The intervention involved care by a family physician augmented by a Depression Care Practitioner, the latter working under the supervision of a psychiatrist. Treatments included family doctors' prescriptions of antidepressants according to an evidence-based study algorithm and/or brief problem-solving therapy. Eligible patients aged 60+ were identified in a 2-step screening process: 68 patients from 29 Montreal family practices were randomized, and 66 completed the 2-month follow-up. Results support the feasibility of a multisite trial of this intervention.

scholarly journals The Washington Metropolitan Pediatric Vision Screening Quality Control Assessment

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natario L. Couser ◽  
Janine Smith-Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Vision Screening ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Medical School Training ◽  
Visual Acuity Testing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Eye Exams ◽  
School Training ◽  
Current Screening

Objective. To ascertain if parents are familiar with current recommendations on pediatric vision screening and to assess their knowledge of the roles that pediatricians, ophthalmologists and optometrists have in this screening process. Methods. A survey was targeted at parents to determine what the general public understands regarding vision screening. Results. The survey was conducted from January–May 2010. One hundred fifty six persons responded. Over one-third did not know the difference between eye care specialists. Many believed opticians and optometrists receive medical school training. Over forty percent incorrectly identified the recommended visual acuity testing age. A large discrepancy existed regarding who should perform pediatric eye exams. Most agreed a failed screening warranted follow-up, but there was not a uniform opinion as to when to seek care. The majority of respondents understood amblyopia should be treated at least before age ten; although nine percent believed amblyopia could be treated at any age. Discussion. There is a significant lack of understanding of the current screening recommendations, difference between eye care professionals, and the importance of early treatment of amblyopia. Conclusions. Many parents do not understand the potential detrimental consequences of delayed care in the event their child fails a vision screening.

scholarly journals Restorative Practices in Institutional Settings: The Challenges of Contractualised Support within the Managed Community of Supported Housing

Laws ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hobson ◽  
Brian Payne ◽  
Kenneth Lynch ◽  
Darren Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Housing Project ◽  
Restorative Practices ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Housing Services ◽  
One Year

Supported housing services provide help to some of the most vulnerable in society, yet across the world face increasing pressures from residualisation in the form of service reduction and stretched budgets. In response to these challenges, providers of supported housing and other similar community-focused services have sought alternative and innovative methods of engagement. This paper reports on one such example, the Restorative Communities Programme, which took place in 2018 in a residential supported housing setting for males aged 16–25. Designed as a five-week programme, it aimed to offer a proactive intervention promoting the benefits of restorative thinking. The research team observed the sessions and conducted follow-up qualitative interviews after two weeks and one year. This paper considers the challenges and success of the programme, reflecting particularly on issues of contractualised support and its impact on participation, and the dynamics of running such programs within the ‘managed community’ of a supported housing project. As such, the paper provides a useful analysis for others exploring the development and use of restorative projects in institutional settings, such as prisons, probation, and schools, and particularly those services struggling with the pressures of residualisation.

What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704
Author(s):  
Katrina Fulcher-Rood ◽  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
Jeff Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Purpose The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work. Method Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP. Results SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used. Conclusions SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

Evidence-Based Prevention Strategies of Suicide Behavior in the World and Possibilities of their Implementation in Slovenia

Crisis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-194
Author(s):  
Claire Henderson ◽  
Marija Brecelj ◽  
Paola Dazzan ◽  
Mojca Dernovsek ◽  
Oscar Meehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
The World

ПСИХОДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОСВОЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТАМИ-ГУМАНИТАРИЯМИ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ЕСТЕСТВЕННОНАУЧНЫХ ДИСЦИПЛИН// Academy Journal No.5(17), 2019/ Chief Editor Susan Belih /OEAPS Inc.(Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Tallinn, Estonia. 09.05.2019: OEAPS Inc., 2019. - pp. 37-44.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Раиса Николаевна Афонина ◽  
Татьяна Степановна Малолеткина
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Chief Editor ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
The World ◽  
Humanities Students ◽  
Figurative Thinking

В статье рассматриваются психодидактические аспекты освоения студентами-гуманитариями содержания естественнонаучных дисциплин. Специфика обучения естественнонаучным дисциплинам студентов-гуманитариев определяется наличием у данной группы обучающихся особенностей восприятия и переработки информации. Для гуманитариев в большей мере характерно превалирование ассоциативного, образного мышления, эмоционального восприятия информации, отторжение формализованных, доказательных способов рассуждений, доминирование реального восприятия окружающего мира над абстрактным, идеализированным. Современные педагогические методики в основном ориентированы на левополушарное восприятие, именно поэтому правополушарные учащиеся оказываются в невыгодном положении. The article deals with psychodidactic aspects of mastering the content of natural sciences by humanities students. The specificity of teaching the natural science disciplines of humanities students is determined by the presence of features of perception and processing of information in this group of students. For the humanities, the prevalence of associative, figurative thinking, emotional perception of information, the rejection of formalized, evidence-based ways of reasoning, the dominance of the real perception of the world over the abstract, idealized, are more characteristic. Modern pedagogical methods are mainly focused on left hemisphere perception, which is why right hemispheric students find themselves at a disadvantage.

Essential Dental Public Health

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blánaid Daly ◽  
Paul Batchelor ◽  
Elizabeth Treasure ◽  
Richard Watt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Dental Public Health ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Based Medicine

Public health is a key concern of modern dental practitioners as they continue to play a vital role in the health of populations across the world. The second edition of Essential Dental Public Health identifies the links between clinical practice and public health with a strong emphasis on evidence-based medicine. Fully revised and updated for a second edition, this textbook is split into four parts covering all the need-to-know aspects of the subject: the principles of dental public health, oral epidemiology, prevention and oral health promotion, and the governance and organization of health services. Essential Dental Public Health is an ideal introduction to the field for dentistry undergraduates, as well as being a helpful reference for postgraduates and practitioners.

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