PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF AEGLE MARMELOS FRUIT

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (04) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Pratibha Thaware ◽  
Pushpa Karale ◽  
Mahesh Karale ◽  
Pranati Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Pharmacological Screening ◽  
Hplc Data

The objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical and pharmacological screening of fruit extracts of Aegle marmelos using various in vitro methods. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by using DPPH free radical scavenging and reducing power method, while well diffusion method was used for antimicrobial activity. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, and phenolics were abundantly present in methanolic and aqueous extracts of A. marmelos. Methanolic extract showed significant antioxidant potential, which was however inferior to that of ascorbic acid. The methanolic extract showed maximum zone of inhibition against the S. aureus (18 mm) and it was higher than that of the standard tetracycline. The HPLC data predict that the presence of scopoletin, marmelosin and umbelliferone, which may contribute to their pharmacological action.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective studies on methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata and development of qualitative analytical profile for the bioactive extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praneetha Pallerla ◽  
Narsimha Reddy Yellu ◽  
Ravi Kumar Bobbala
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Effective Fraction

Abstract Background The objective of the study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract fractions of Lindernia ciliata (LC) and development of qualitative analytical profile of the bioactive fraction using HPLC fingerprinting analysis. All the fractions of methanolic extract of Lindernia ciliata (LCME) are assessed for their total phenolic, flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant properties by using DPPH, superoxide, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and reducing power assay. Acute toxicity study was conducted for all the fractions and the two test doses 50 and 100 mg/kg were selected for the hepatoprotective study. Liver damage was induced in different groups of rats by administering 3 g/kg.b.w.p.o. paracetamol and the effect of fractions were tested for hepatoprotective potential by evaluating serum biochemical parameters and histology of liver of rats. The effective fraction was evaluated for its antihepatotoxic activity against D-Galactosamine (400 mg/kg b.w. i.p.) and in vivo antioxidant parameters viz., Glutathione (GSH), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Catalase (CAT) levels are estimated using liver homogenate. Results Among all the fractions, butanone fraction of LCME, (BNF-LCME) has shown better hepatoprotective activity and hence it is selected to evaluate the antihepatotoxicity against D-GaIN. The activity of BNF-LCME is well supported in in vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies and may be attributed to flavonoidal, phenolic compounds present in the fraction. Hence, BNF-LCME was subjected to the development of qualitative analytical profile using HPLC finger printing analysis. Conclusions All the fractions of LCME exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity and BNF-LCME (50 mg/kg) was identified as the most effective fraction.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity of Herniaria hirsuta from Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenza Ammor ◽  
Dalila Bousta ◽  
Sanae Jennan ◽  
Bahia Bennani ◽  
Abdellah Chaqroune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts for aerial parts of Herniaria hirsuta. Extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three tests: DPPH free radical-scavenging, reducing power, and molybdenum systems. The screening of antibacterial activity of extracts was individually evaluated against sixteen bacteria species using a disc diffusion method. Flavonoids, total phenols, and tannins content were performed for both extracts. It shows higher content in the hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract showed a significant antioxidant activity for the three methods studies to the aqueous extract, but nonsignificant results compared to the reference (BHT). However, both extracts have negative effect on the strains studies for the antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals IN VITRO - ANTIOXIDANT AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF AEGLE MARMELOS (L.) CORREA. LEAF EXTRACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Samidha M Pawaskar ◽  
Sasangan Kc
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: In this study, the leaf powder of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa. was subjected to preliminary phytochemical and in vitro antioxidant analysis. Methods: The freshly prepared plant leaf extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and steroids. Reducing power, superoxide (SO) anion radical, nitric oxide (NO) radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays were carried out to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the methanolic leaf extract of this plant. The amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were also determined. Results: This study has revealed that the A. marmelos (L.) Correa. leaf extract showed considerably high amounts of most of the phytochemicals, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. The study also indicated that the A. marmelos (L.) Correa. showed comparatively good scavenging activity, i.e., inhibition of hydroxyl radical, NO and SO anion scavenging and reducing power activities when compared with the respective standards. Conclusion: The leaf powder of A. marmelos (L.) Correa. can be used as easily accessible source of natural antioxidant and as a possible food supplement or in pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of the Essential Oil and Extracts ofZanthoxylum alatumGrown in North-Western Himalaya

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Guleria ◽  
A. K. Tiku ◽  
Apurva Koul ◽  
Sahil Gupta ◽  
Gurjinder Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Curvularia Lunata

The essential oil obtained from the fresh leaves ofZanthoxylum alatumwas analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Fourteen components were identified, and linalool (30.58%), 2-decanone (20.85%),β-fenchol (9.43%), 2-tridecanone (8.86%),β-phellandrene (5.99%), Sabinene (4.82%), andα-pinene (4.11%) were the main components. The EO and methanolic extract ofZ. alatumexhibited potent antifungal activity againstAlternaria alternata,Alternaria brassicae, andCurvularia lunata. The EO also showed significant antibacterial activity againstBacillus subtilis,Micrococcus luteus,Staphylococcus aureus, andEscherichia coli. Further, antimicrobial constituents of the EO were isolated by bioautography and preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) and identified asβ-fenchol and linalool using GC/MS analysis. In addition to this, the free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant potential of EO and methanolic extract/fractions ofZ. alatumwere also investigated usingin vitroassays including scavenging ability against DPPH•, reducing power and chelating ability on Fe2+ions. Our results demonstrate thatZ. alatumcould be used as a resource of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds which may find applications in food and pesticide industries.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract of leaves of a hill tract plant Begonia roxburghii

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Taslima Akter ◽  
Afra Nawar ◽  
Md Nur Alam ◽  
Md Rafiquzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Negative Results

The study was designed to investigate the antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of leaves of Begonia roxburghii by five different in vitro methods namely Folin-Ciocalteu, total flavonoid content, phosphomolybdenum, total reducing power determination, and DPPH scavenging activity. Phenol content (Gallic acid equivalent) was found as 180.40±0.03 mg/g of the dry sample by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Flavonoid assay method revealed the content of flavonoids (Quercetin equivalent) as 60.43±0.27 mg/g of the dry sample. Total antioxidant capacity of the extract was observed 243.43±0.11 mg/g ( ascorbic acid equivalent) by phosphomolybdenum method. Free radical scavenging activity (measured by the DPPH test) of the methanolic extract was found 158.36±0.22 μg/mL whereas ascorbic acid, the standard, showed 19.53±0.04 μg/mL. The methanolic extract of Begonia roxburghii leaves exhibited positive and linear dose dependent reducing power activity and its activity was comparable to the standard ascorbic acid for a given dose. Phytochemical screening of the extract showed positive results for alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroids, and tannins, which demonstrate definite pharmacological actions on human body. The extract showed negative results for the steroids. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 9(1 & 2): 79-89, 2020 (June & December)

scholarly journals In vitro thrombolytic, anthelmintic, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Xanthium indicum leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antara Ghosh ◽  
Sujan Banik ◽  
Md. Ariful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Anti Oxidant

<p class="Abstract"><em>Xanthium indicum</em> is an important medicinal plant traditionally used in Bangladesh as a folkloric treatment. The current study was undertaken to evaluate thrombolytic, anthelmintic, anti-oxidant, cytotoxic properties with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of <em>X. indicum</em> leaves. The analysis of phytochemical screening confirmed the existence of phytosetrols and diterpenes. In thrombolytic assay, a significant clot lysis was observed at four concentrations of plant extract compare to the positive control streptokinase (30,000 IU, 15,000 IU) and negative control normal saline. The extract revealed potent anthelmintic activity at different concentrations. In anti-oxidant activity evaluation by two potential experiments namely total phenolic content determination and free radical scavenging assay by 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the leaves extract possess good anti-oxidant property. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the crude extract showed potent (LC<sub>50</sub> 1.3 μg/mL) cytotoxic activity compare to the vincristine sulfate as a positive control (LC<sub>50</sub> 0.8 μg/mL). </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals RAPID IN VITRO CALLOGENESIS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF LEAF, STEM AND LEAF CALLUS OF MUSSAENDA FRONDOSA LINN. - A MEDICINAL PLANT.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasa Dj ◽  
Chandrashekar Kr ◽  
Bhagya N
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Objective: To standardise the protocol for rapid callogenesis in Mussaenda frondosa L. using leaf explants. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of leaf, stem and callus cultures.Methods: The leaf explants were inoculated onto MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations of growth regulators such as 2, 4 - D, NAA, BAP, Kn for the induction of callus. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of total phenol, flavonoids and alkaloids contents of leaf, stem and callus were tested by standard methods.  The antioxidant activities were investigated using DPPH radical scavenging method and reducing power assay. The anti - inflammatory activity was evaluated by membrane stabilizing activity.Results: Pale green, healthy, friable and fast growing callus was obtained on the medium enriched with NAA (2mg/l) + Kn (4mg/l). Quantitative determination showed the highest concentration of total phenolics in the methanolic extract of in vitro grown callus (10 ± 1.1 mg of GA/g of extract), flavonoids in methanolic stem extract (137±1.6 mg of Quercitin/g of extract) and alkaloids in methanolic extract of leaf (118.3±1.5 mg/10g of extract). The methanolic leaf extract exhibited highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value of 40.6±10.06 μg/ml. The highest membrane stabilizing activity was shown by chloroform extract of the leaf (66.02%).Conclusion: The present preliminary phytochemical and pharmacological analysis may form the basis for drug development in future using callus cultures of M. frondosa.   

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis, mineral composition and in vitro antioxidant activities of Solanum macrocarpon leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Usunomena Usunobun ◽  
Igwe V. Chinwe
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Mineral Analysis

Background: The aim of this study is to determine phytochemicals and mineral composition as well as in vitro antioxidant activities of Solanum macrocarpon leaves.Methods: Qualitative phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedures while Mineral analysis was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Solanum macrocarpon leaves were also subjected for measurement of reducing power and antioxidant/radical scavenging activity (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity).Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids etc. Mineral analysis showed calcium (256.60mg/100g) to be higher in concentration and copper (0.62mg/100g) least in concentration while manganese was absent. Other minerals includes magnesium (81.69mg/100g), potassium (87.22mg/100g), sodium (32.51mg/100g), iron (31.41mg/100g), zinc (1.41mg/100g). Solanum macrocarpon leaves showed maximum antioxidant activity (DPPH free radical scavenging and reducing power capacity) as the higher the concentration, the higher the antioxidant activity, thus the better the free radical scavenging potentials.Conclusion: The data from this study revealed that Solanum macrocarpon has a rich content of phytochemicals, namely, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids as well as minerals, bioactive components that are associated with health impacts. This study also revealed that Solanum macrocarpon leaves exhibit antioxidant activity. These findings thus suggest that Solanum macrocarpon leaves could act as potent source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Mahonia napaulensis (Jamanemandro) Bark Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Ranjan Paudel ◽  
Rabi Kiran Sharma ◽  
Shreeya Bhandari ◽  
Manan Koirala ◽  
Ganesh Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Mahonia napaulensis also known as “Jamanemandro” in Nepali is a medium-sized stiff evergreen shrub widely distributed in South East Asia at an altitude of 1000-2000m, is traditionally used to treat dysentery and eye inflammation. This research focuses on screening of the phytochemicals, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of this plant. The methanolic extract was prepared using a Soxhlet apparatus. The antioxidant properties of extract were carried out by 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values from 2-2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. The phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of terpenoids, reducing sugars, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides including cardiac glycosides and steroids. The antimicrobial activity was studied using the disc diffusion method in five different human pathogens named Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Shigella spps. The methanol extract was compared with standard chloramphenicol and showed that methanolic extract of is M.napaulensis exhibit maximum effect against S. aureus with higher growth inhibition zones (27.3 mm), followed by P. aeruginosa, Shigella spps., E. coli and S. typhi. These antimicrobial properties showed similar effect to that of positive control, chloramphenicol. The IC50 values from DPPH radical scavenging were 230.89 µg/mL and 182.73 µg/mL of methanol extract and ascorbic acid, respectively. Due to this antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of M. napaulensis it was widely applicable in biomedical field.

In Vitro Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Free Radical Scavenging Ability of Drosera indica L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Asha ◽  
S. Hemmalakshmi ◽  
S. Priyanga ◽  
K. Devaki
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Whole Plant

Aim: The present study is carried out to explore the preliminary phytochemical screening and free radical scavenging activity of the whole plant Drosera indica L. Methods: a) Phytochemical screening – The qualitative analysis of secondary metabolites is carried out by the standard qualitative methods. b) In vitro free radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extract of the whole plant Drosera indica L is used for the analysis .Various concentrations (100 – 500mcg/ml) of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of Drosera indica L. are used in the various antioxidant assay methods such as reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) radical,2,2’ azinobis-3 ethylbenzothiozoline-6 sulfonic acid (ABTS+) radical, hydroxyl radical (OH.), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH) radical , super oxide radical and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is carried out with the standard protocols. In all the assays ascorbic acid is used as the standard antioxidant. Results: Phytochemical screening of the plants reveal the presence of numerous chemicals including flavanoids, tannins, polyphenols, cardiac glycosides and saponins. The ethanolic extract of Drosera indica L. shows better ability to scavenge ,1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl( DPPH)radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide radical and superoxide radical. FRAP and the reducing power abilities of the ethanolic extract is increased with the increase in concentration of the plant extract. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Drosera indica L. shows better ability to scavenge the free radicals than the aqueous extract. From this study, a conclusion is drawn that Drosera indica L. can have more beneficial effects with respect to the presence of many active secondary metabolites which may likely to combat with the oxidative stress diseases like diabetes, cancer, cardio-vascular diseases and in general boost the immune system.

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