scholarly journals EARLY PROGNOSIS OF SUBARACHINOID HAEMORRHAGE

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Mirjana Vidovic ◽  
Dzevdet Smajlovic ◽  
Osman Sinanovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Subarachnoidal Haemorrhage

Introduction: Subarachnoid haemorrhage presents urgent state in neurology, with dramatic clinical picture and high mortality. Aim of this study was to analize role of the risk factors in prognosis of patients with spontaneous subarachnoidal haemorrhage. Patients and Methods: It was analyzed 48 patients with spontaneous subarachnoidal haemorrhage which are cured on Neurological clinic in Tuzla in period from January 1. 2001 till December 31. 2002. Mean age of patients was 57.6 +/-12. years. Results: It was shown that the most frequent risk factors were hypertension (72.9%), heart diseases (54.1%) and smoking (39.6%). From all 48, 21 (43.7%) patients died. At survived patients, one month from begining of disease, cases. Survived had significant lower mean age (p= .009) and Hunt Hess score (p=0.001) at admission than the died. Patients with complexity find by computed tomography had bad prognosis. Conclusion: Older age of patients, higher number of risk factors, higher Hunt Hess score at admission, and blood in the ventricular system on CT are risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with subarachnoidal haemorrhage.

scholarly journals The role of computed tomography in the diagnosis of rare pelvic hernias on the example of strangulated hernia of the obturator canal: review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
A. A. Egorov ◽  
N. S. Donchenko ◽  
B. K. Laypanov ◽  
E. G. Koshelev ◽  
G. Yu. Belyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Obturator Hernia ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Strangulated Hernia

Obturator hernia is a rare form of pelvic hernia that is more common in older women. The clinical diagnosis of hernia is difficult. This type of hernia cannot be visualized by a general examination, and it is also impossible to reveal it by palpation, that is why it is more often detected at the stage of complications and is accompanied by high mortality. This work presents observation of a strangulated hernia of the obturator canal in a 96-year-old patient diagnosed with computed tomography.

scholarly journals Virchow’s Triad and the Role of Thrombosis in COVID-Related Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Gonzalez-Gonzalez ◽  
Mary Rodriguez Ziccardi ◽  
Mark D. McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
New Disease ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Multisystemic Disease

In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as a virally transmitted disease. Three months later, SARS-CoV-2 became one of the largest pandemics in recent times, causing more than 235 million cases globally, and accounting for at least 4.8 million deaths to date. SARS-COV-2 infection was initially classified as a respiratory tract infection, but later was recognized as a multisystemic disease compromising gastrointestinal, hematological, cardiac, and neurological systems. With this Review, we aim to describe the epidemiology, risk factors, mechanisms, and management of cerebrovascular events in patients infected with COVID-19. Neurological manifestations related to thromboembolic cerebrovascular events in patients infected with COVID-19 have been frequent and associated with poor prognosis in the majority of cases. A better understanding of the mechanisms of thrombosis and etiologies of this new disease process are necessary to determine how to prevent and treat patients to reduce their length of stay, morbidity, and mortality.

scholarly journals On the Analysis of Mortality Risk Factors for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: a Data-driven Study Using the Major Brazilian Database

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Sumika Hojo Souza ◽  
Natália Satchiko Hojo-Souza ◽  
Ben Dêivide de Oliveira Batista ◽  
Cristiano Maciel da Silva ◽  
Daniel Ludovico Guidoni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Disease Outcome

Background: Brazil became the epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic in a brief period of a few months after the first officially registered case. The knowledge of the epidemiological/clinical profile and the risk factors of Brazilian COVID-19 patients can assist in the decision making of physicians in the implementation of early and most appropriate measures for poor prognosis patients. However, these reports are missing. Here we present a comprehensive study that addresses this demand. Methods: This data-driven study was based on the Brazilian Ministry of Health Database (SIVEP-Gripe, 2020) regarding notified cases of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the period from February 26 to August 10, 2020. Demographic data, clinical symptoms, comorbidities and other additional information of patients were analyzed. Results: The hospitalization rate was higher for male gender (56.56%) and for older age patients of both sexes. Overall, the mortality rate was quite high (41.28%) among hospitalized patients, especially those over 60 years of age. Most prevalent symptoms were cough, dyspnoea, fever, low oxygen saturation and respiratory distress. Heart disease, diabetes, obesity, kidney disease, neurological disease, and pneumopathy were the most prevalent comorbidities. A high prevalence of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with heart disease (65.7%) and diabetes (53.55%) and with a high mortality rate of around 50% was observed. The ICU admission rate was 39.37% and of these 62.4% died. 24.4% of patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), with high mortality among them (82.98%). The main mortality risk predictors were older age and IMV requirement. In addition, socioeconomic conditions have been shown to significantly influence the disease outcome, regardless of age and comorbidities. Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the hospitalized Brazilian COVID-19 patients profile and the mortality risk factors. The analysis also evidenced that the disease outcome is influenced by multiple factors, as unequally affects different segments of population.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Role of Functional Components in Alliums for Preventive Chronic Disease in Human Being

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawen Zeng ◽  
Yuping Li ◽  
Jiazhen Yang ◽  
Xiaoying Pu ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Immunological Effects ◽  
Functional Components

Objectives. Functional components in alliums have long been maintained to play a key role in modifying the major risk factors for chronic disease. To obtain a better understanding of alliums for chronic disease prevention, we conducted a systematic review for risk factors and prevention strategies for chronic disease of functional components in alliums, based on a comprehensive English literature search that was conducted using various electronic search databases, especially the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and CNKI for the period 2007–2016.Alliumgenus especially garlic, onion, and Chinese chive is rich in organosulfur compounds, quercetin, flavonoids, saponins, and others, which have anticancer, preventive cardiovascular and heart diseases, anti-inflammation, antiobesity, antidiabetes, antioxidants, antimicrobial activity, neuroprotective and immunological effects, and so on. These results supportAlliumgenus; garlic and onion especially may be the promising dietotherapeutic vegetables and organopolysulfides as well as quercetin mechanism in the treatment of chronic diseases. This review may be used as scientific basis for the development of functional food, nutraceuticals, and alternative drugs to improve the chronic diseases.

P-290 Role of Computed Tomography in Pediatric Cardiology for Neonates with Congenital Heart Diseases

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. S134
Author(s):  
Jia-Kan Chang ◽  
Kai-Sheng Hsieh ◽  
Chu-Chuan Lin ◽  
Ta-Cheng Hwang ◽  
Ching-Yen Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Pediatric Cardiology ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Congenital Heart Diseases

Risk Factors of COVID-19 Critical Outcomes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Multicountry Retrospective Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faris Lami ◽  
Maisa Elfadul ◽  
Hiba Abdulrahman Rashak ◽  
Mohannad Al Nsour ◽  
Hashaam Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Country Study ◽  
Wide Scale

BACKGROUND The establishment of empirical evidence in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) necessitates the implementation of wide-scale studies to describe the demographic, clinical features, and severity profile ofCOVID-19 patients. OBJECTIVE Hence, this study aimed to to assess the patterns of COVID-19 severity and mortality in seven countries and to determine the risk factors of COVID-19 severity and mortality. METHODS This multi-country study was based on a retrospective review of medical records of hospitalized patients confirmed to have COVID-19. This study included data from Iraq, Pakistan, Sudan, Somalia, Morocco, Egypt, and Yemen. All demographic and clinical data were extracted from hospital records (paper files) by trained data collectors. RESULTS A total of 4141 patients were included in this study from seven countries. Comorbidities were reported by nearly half of the patients, with hypertension (HT)(24.7%)and diabetes (22.7%) being the most common. Older age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart diseases were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Ever smoking and renal diseases were significantly associated with severity but not mortality, while male gender, respiratory diseases, and malignancy were significantly associated with mortality but not severity. CONCLUSIONS The study confirmed the role of comorbidities and demographic features on the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Understanding the contributing factors ensures attentive care and informs clinical management of patients with poorer prognosis in early stages of

scholarly journals Stab Injury of the Thoracic Aorta: Computed Tomography Findings

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Seyma Yildiz ◽  
Huseyin Toprak ◽  
Asli Serter ◽  
Ercan Kocakoç
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Role

Stab injury of the thoracic aorta is a rare condition with high mortality rate. Patients must be evaluated carefully, and the diagnosis usually should be confirmed by radiological modalities. In this case, we report a 37-year-old man presented with a penetrating stab injury to the upper back and the thoracic aorta, and the diagnostic role of computed tomography is discussed.

scholarly journals FRI0049 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ASSOCIATED INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE: TOBACCO AND OTHER RISK FACTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 600.2-600
Author(s):  
C. Aguilera Cros ◽  
M. Gomez Vargas ◽  
R. J. Gil Velez ◽  
J. A. Rodriguez Portal
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
American Thoracic Society ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Male Sex

Background:Among the risk factors associated with the development of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are: male sex, old age, erosive RA, rheumatoid nodules, smoking and high levels of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA). The factors of poor prognosis include: HRCT (High Resolution Computed Tomography) pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (NIU) with altered baseline functional tests (forced vital capacity FVC <60%, diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide DLCO<40%).RA associated UIP (RA-UIP) has an appearance that is identical to idiopathic UIP (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [IPF]) on HRCT.Objectives:To analyze different risk factors and poor prognosis in a cohort of patients with ILD-RA.To assess the degree of association between tobacco (smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers) and altered baseline functional respiratory tests (FRT) (FVC <80% and DLCO <40%) with HRCT patterns.Methods:Descriptive study of 57 patients treated in our Hospital (1/1/2018 until 12/31/2019) with a diagnosis of RA (ACR 2010 criteria) and secondary ILD.The most recent American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS)/Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS)/Latin American Thoracic Society (ALAT) guidelines define three HRCT (High Resolution Computed Tomography) patterns of fibrosing lung disease in the setting of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF): definite UIP (traction bronchiectasis and honeycombing), possible UIP and inconsistent with UIP. The distinction between definite UIP and possible UIP in these to the presence or absence of honeycombing. Approved by the Ethics Committee.Quantitative variables are expressed as mean (SD) and dichotomous variables as percentages (%). The association between tobacco-UIP and FVC-UIP was studied using two Chi-square tests and the DLCO-UIP relationship with an exact Fisher test. Statistical analysis with SPSS version 21.Results:21 men and 36 women were included, with a mean age of 69 ± 10 years (mean ± SD), history of smoking (smokers 14%, non-smokers 43%, ex-smokers 42%). 83% were positive RF and 70% positive ACPA. Regarding the HRCT findings: 29 (50%) had a inconsistent with UIP pattern and 28 (49%) had an UIP pattern (45% defined, 3% possible). Of the UIP patients, 14 (50%) had a smoking relationship (35% ex-smokers, 25% smokers) and 15 were male (53%). Of the sample analyzed, 8% (5 patients) have died, all ex-smoking men, the UIP pattern being the most frequent found (4 UIP, 1 inconsistent with UIP).No statistical association was observed between patients with exposure to tobacco and the UIP pattern (p = 0.438), nor among patients with baseline FVC <80% and UIP (p = 0.432) and also among patients with baseline DLCO <40% and UIP pattern (p = 0.459).Conclusion:Our results, in general, do not match what is published in the literature. Male sex, smoking exposure and fibrosing pattern (UIP) represent a worse prognosis for patients with ILD-RA. However, more studies are required to determine more precisely how these risk factors affect the disease.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Breast

2021 ◽  
pp. 565-582
Author(s):  
Ali Kubba
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Pain ◽  
Breast Awareness ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

This chapter begins with a short introduction to the role of the breast complaint in a gynaecological setting, and how nurses can encourage breast awareness and participation in screening programmes. It then goes on to cover breast pain (mastalgia), various benign breast conditions, and breast history and examination. It describes screening and diagnosis of breast disease, the current clinical picture and treatment options for breast cancer, alongside associated risk factors and prevention.

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